EASA.CAT.GEN.MPA.175(b) is a new regulation requiring airlines to conduct psychological assessments of pilots to evaluate their cognitive abilities, personality traits, operational competencies, and social skills. It was introduced in 2018 by EASA in response to the Germanwings Flight 9525 crash, and airlines have until early 2021 to implement assessment programs. The regulation specifies that assessments must be conducted by a psychologist with aviation experience and cover key criteria to ensure pilot mental fitness.