11. Cindy Sherman, Untitled Film Still #35 , 1979, Black-and-white photograph Sherman plays different roles in her photographs (dressed in costume) - Not a Self-Portrait Feminism - Questions how women have been portrayed in movies, photography, art Photography shows the shutter release cable on the floor (artist took her own photograph)

13. Barbara Kruger, Untitled (I Shop Therefore I Am), 1987, Photographic silkscreen on vinyl Look of Advertising (Kruger worked as a graphic designer before becoming an artist) Deceptiveness of Media’s messages “ I think, therefore I am” - Philosophical statement by Descartes

14. BARBARA KRUGER ALL VIOLENCE IS THE ILLUSTRATION OF A PATHETIC STEREOTYPE, (1991)

18. American Precursors to ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM

23. Ash Can School Everett Shinn, The Fight Robert Henri, Snow in New York George Bellows, Cliff Dwellers, 1913

24. John French Sloan " Six o'clock, Winter " 1912 The Ash Can argued that ‘life is beautiful, this is what life actually looks like.’

26. Nighthawks,1942 New York Movie 1939 Automat Hopper

32. “ What was to go on the canvas was not a picture, but an event.” Critic- Harold Rosenberg Hans Hoffman Rising Moon

36. Jackson Pollock Shimmering Substance 1946

37. Jackson Pollock Enchanted Forest 1947

38. Jackson Pollock Lavender Mist 1950

39. “ I have no fears about making changes, destroying the image… because the painting has a life of its own.” Jackson Pollock

42. Arshile Gorky - One Year the Milkweed 1944

44. Willem de Kooning Woman I 1950-1952

45. Willem de Kooning Pink Angels 1945

46. Willem de Kooning Black Friday 1948

47. Willem de Kooning Women III 1952

48. Willem de Kooning, Excavation, 1950

50. Franz Kline Figure Eight 1952

51. Franz Kline New York, N.Y. 1952

52. Franz Kline Untitled 1958

55. Mark Rothko Red, Orange, Tan and Purple 1949

56. Mark Rothko Orange and Red on Red 1957

58. Kenneth Noland Heat 1958

59. Kenneth Noland Back and Front 1960

61. David Smith Cubi XIX 1964

63. Once you “got” Pop, you could never see a sign the same way again. And once you thought Pop, you could never see America the same way again. -- Andy Warhol

66. “ Pop Artists did images that anybody walking down the street could recognize in a split second…all the great modern things that the Abstract Expressionists tried so hard not to notice at all.”— Gretchen Berg . Three Coke Bottles, 1962,  AWF

74. Warhol appropriated (used without permission) images from magazines, newspapers, and press photos of the most popular people of his time Silver Liz [Ferus Type], 1963,  AWF ©2006 Life Inc.

75. Warhol used the repetition of media events to critique and reframe cultural ideas through his art Jackie paintings, 1964,  AWF

76. Warhol took common everyday items and gave them importance as “art” He raised questions about the nature of art: Knives , 1981,  AWF What makes one work of art better than another? Brillo Soap Pads Box , 1964,  AWF

77. Pop artists stretched the definitions of what art could be and how it can be made. “ The Pop idea, after all, was that anybody could do anything, so naturally we were all trying to do it all…” --- Andy Warhol photo by Hervé Gloaguen

78. The art world today reflects many of the ideas, methods and materials initiated by the Pop Art movement. Barbara Kruger, Untitled, 1991 Courtesy: Mary Boone Gallery, NY In Untitled , 1991, Barbara Kruger uses the iconography of the American flag and hard edge graphics to pose a series of provocative questions about American cultural values . In Rabbit, 1986 , artist Jeff Koons cast a mass-produced inflatable Easter bunny in highly polished stainless steel. The sculpture became iconic of art in the 1980s . Jeff Koons, Rabbit, 1986,  Jeff Koons

80. Audrey Flack, Marilyn , 1977, Oil over acrylic on canvas Influenced by realism in photography “ I studied art history, it was always the photographs, I never saw the paintings, they were in Europe” Marilyn Monroe – references to her death (clocks, hourglass) Still Life “Vanitas” painting - symbolism relating to “emptiness” Airbrushed (commercial photo retouching tool)

81. Chuck Close, Big Self-Portrait , 1967 – 1968, Acrylic on Canvas (8’11” x 11’2”) Large Scale Portrait Paintings based on Photographs Avoided creative compositions, flattering lighting, and facial expressions

82. Made plaster molds from real people Stereotypical “average” Americans “The subject matter I like best deals with the familiar lower and middle class American types of today.” Sculptures sometimes mistaken for real people Duane Hanson, Supermarket Shopper , 1970, Polyester resin and fiberglass polychromed in oil with clothing, steel cart, and groceries

84. Christo and Jeanne-Claude, Running Fence (California, USA), Pink woven synthetic fabric, 1972 - 1976 5.5 meters high 40 Kilometer long nylon fence Environmental art project Artists claim that the art has no meaning. Their goal is to create something beautiful and to see the landscape in a new way. Money raised by selling their preliminary drawings

85. Robert Smithson, Spiral Jetty , 1970, Black rock, salt crystals, earth, red water (Utah, USA) Manipulated the earth the create an environmental sculpture “ enduring power of nature” Inspired by the location and the molecular structure of salt crystals that coat the rocks Spiral Jetty under water

87. Large scale painting Thick, encrusted surface (highly textured) Re-examination of German History “ Nigredo” means black (symbolic meaning) Anselm Kiefer, Nigredo , 1984, Mixed media (including natural materials – straw and lead) on paper (11’ x 18’)

88. Francesco Clemente, Francesco Clemente, Oil on Canvas, 1985 Clemente’s work draws inspiration from Expressionism and Surrealism Self-Portrait Two sides of personality / “inner self” Francesco interested in connection of art to spirituality

90. Jeff-Koons, Pink Panther , 1988, Porcelain sculpture Magazine centerfold with well-known cartoon character Commercialism / Consumerism Kitsch (bad taste) “ everything wrong with contemporary American society”

91. Keith Haring, Untitled , 1985, Mixed Media on Canvas Keith Haring (1958-1990) started by drawing in NY Subways (related to Grafitti art / Street Art) Keith Haring friends with Andy Warhol East-Village New York style Art for “the people”

92. Keith Haring in his “Pop Shop” in New York City

93. Adidas shoe with Keith Haring designs

94. Joseph Beuys, How to Explain Pictures to a Dead Hare , 1965, Performance art Performance art Sacred ritual “ the condition of modern humanity” Head coated with honey and covered with gold leaf (spiritual power )

95. Laurie Anderson, O Superman , 1985, Performance Art Anderson wrote music and lyrics Experimentation with sound (electric violin and synthesized voice) Feminist art combining elements of pop art, pop music, World music, dada

96. Montri Toemsombat, Performance , 2003, Performance at the Venice Biennale (Italy) Art inspired by Buddhism Critical of Thai culture (materialism) Ritul / Meditation Literally wearing text (text on clothing, text and tattoos) Artist is interested in relationship of fashion to art

104. Jenny Holzer, Protect Me From What I Want , 1988, LED Electronic Signboard (Times Square, New York City) Social Consciousness Uses advertising format to deliver messages Art in Public Spaces

105. JENNY HOLZER PROTECT ME FROM WHAT I WANT, (1986)

106. Bill Viola, The Crossing , 1996, Sound / Video Installation Slow motion video with fire and water (the elements) Relationship to Religion (Viola interested in World Religions)