1. INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITALITY
Course Overview
From general hospitality information to food trends and legal issues, this course will help you access
information, increase and update your knowledge and develop your awareness of the hospitality industry.
One of the main objectives when working in hospitality is to provide polite, friendly, professional and well-
informed service to customers. Customers are an extremely diverse group. They could be overseas
tourists on package tours or locals visiting the corner pub for a beer. They are people meeting for a
cappuccino at the coffee shop or old friends meeting at the bowling club for a cup of tea.
Regardless of the type of customer you should always maintain high standards of service. To do this you
must keep up to date with industry trends and developments and offer informed advice to every customer.
Victoria University Melbourne Australia
The purpose of this unit of study is to give students a basic understanding of the study of hospitality
as an emerging discipline worthy of rigorous study and to orient the students to the hospitality
industry and the issues which confront it. This will include introducing students to the depth and
scope of hospitality as a social concept, with an emphasis on developing a sensitivity to and
understanding of the forces that shape the industry, and with reference to their own skills and
characteristics. Topics to be covered include: hospitality as a field of study; introduction to the
hospitality industry; the philosophy of hospitableness; the origins of modern hospitality; the structure
and dynamic forces of the hospitality industry; consuming hospitality; the commoditisation of the
hospitality industry
The City of Makati (/məˈkɑːtɪ/ mə-KAH-tee; Filipino: Makati), in the Philippines, is one of the
sixteen cities that make up Metro Manila. Makati is located within the circle of 14′40″ °north and 121′3″ °E
right at the center of Metro Manila. According to tradition, the first Governor-General of the
Philippines, Miguel López de Legazpi, while exploring a swamp near the Pasig River, asked for the name
of the place but, because of the language barrier, was misinterpreted by the Tagalog people. Pointing to
the receding tide of Pasig River, the Tagalogs answered, “Makati, kumakati na,” literally meaning ebbing
tide.
[3]
Makati is the financial center of the Philippines, it has a highest concentration of multinational and local
corporations in the country.
[4]
Major banks, corporations, department stores as well as foreign embassies

2. are based in Makati. The biggest trading floor of the Philippine Stock Exchange is situated along the
city's Ayala Avenue.
[5][6]
With a population of 529,039, Makati is the 16th-largest city in the country and ranked as the 41st
most densely populated city in the world with 19,336 inhabitants per square kilometer. Although its
population is just half a million, the daytime population of the city is estimated to be more than one million
during a typical working weekday because of the large number of people who go to the city to work, shop,
and do business.
[7]
Makati is also known for being a major cultural and entertainment hub in Metro Manila.
[8
Etymology[edit source | editbeta]
When the first Governor-General of the Philippines, Miguel López de Legazpi, explored a swamp near
the Pasig River, he asked for the name of the place but, because of the language barrier, was
misinterpreted by the Tagalog people. Pointing to the receding tide of the Pasig River, the Tagalogs
answered, “Makati, kumakati na,” literally meaning ebbing tide. Makati (maka-ti) means "ebbed tide".
[3]
History[edit source | editbeta]
The city started out as part of the wide municipality of Santa Ana de Sapa (part of Manila today) and in
the 1600s
[citation needed]
began to be developed as a pilgrimage center around the churches of Our Lady of
Guadalupe (now Our Lady of Grace) and of Saints Peter and Paul in what is today the city proper, built by
the friar orders to attract the faithful, and also as a farming community. It became independent in 1670 as
a full-time municipality, then named San Pedro de Macati in honor of Saint Peter, its patron. The town
was also from the 18th century onward famous for its pottery industry, with skilled potters trained by the
Jesuit priests making the best pots for everyday use.
[citation needed]
In 1851, Don Jose Bonifacio Roxas (a member of the Ayala Roxas family) purchased the Jesuit estate
of Hacienda de San Pedro de Macati for 52,800 pesos.
[9]
Since then, Makati and it's development remain
close to the Zobel de Ayala family
Hotel in Makati City by Hotels Combined (96)
Dusit Thani Hotel Makati City
Ayala Centre, Makati City, Philippines
Tune Hotel Makati
E. Mercado corner F. Calderon St.,, Makati City, Philippines
InterContinental Manila
No. 1 Ayala Avenue, Makati City, Philippines
Great Eastern Hotel Makati
7842 Makati Avenue, Makati City, Philippines

3. The Picasso Boutique Serviced
Residences
119 LP Leviste Street, Salcedo Village, Makati City, Philippines
Makati Palace Hotel
5011 P. Burgos Corner Canceres Streets, Makati City, Philippines
Ascott Makati
Glorietta 4, Ayala Centre, Makati City, Philippines
Berjaya Makati Hotel - Philippines
7835 Makati Ave. cor Eduque St., Makati City, Philippines
The Peninsula Manila
Corner Ayala Avenue and Makati Avenue, Makati City, Philippines
City Garden Hotel Makati
7870 Makati Avenue Corner Kalayaan Avenue, Makati City, Philippine
24h Apartment Hotel
1406 Vito Cruz Ext. (Pablo Ocampo Sr.), Makati City, Philippines
Artina Suites Hotel
2863 E. Zobel Street, Poblacion, Makati City, Philippines
Best Western Oxford Suites Makati
Durban Corner P. Burgos Streets, Makati City, Philippines
The Charter House
Our Melting Pot Hostel Makati City
Fairmont Makati, Manila
One Greenbelt Hotel
Greenstone Serviced Residences Makati
One Pacific Place Residences
Fraser Place Manila
St Giles Hotel
BSA Mansion Condotel
Saint Illians Inn
Guijo Suites Makati
Isabelle Royale Hotel & Suites

4. MNL Boutique Hostel
The E-Hotel Makati
New World Makati City, Manila Hotel
Excel Inn Makati
Creekside Amorsolo Hotel
Best Western Plus Antel Hotel
Our Awesome Hostel
Somerset Millennium
Royal Bellagio Hotel
Makati International Inn
Hotel Celeste Makati City
Prince Plaza II
Herald Suites
V.I.P. Suite Apartelle
Mandarin Oriental, Manila
Palm Rock Residences
Somerset Olympia Makati
El Rico Suites Apartelle
Salcedo Suites Makati City
Millennium Plaza Serviced Residences
Citadel Inn Makati
Eurotel Makati Hotel
Lourdes Suites
Asian Mansion II
Herald Suites Solana
Makati Shangri-La Manila
Crown Regency Hotel Makati City
Joya Lofts & Towers
Makati Apartelle
Bel Air Soho Suites Makati City
BSA Tower
Lorenzzo Suites Hotel
Raffles Makati
Jupiter Suites
BSA Suites - Makati

5. LPL Suites Greenbelt Makati City
Fersal Hotel Makati
Casa Jessica Youth Hostel
Franchise One Hotel
Hilik Boutique Hostel
Copa Businessman's Hotel
Clipper Hotel
Tiara Oriental Hotel
Perla Mansion Condotel
Casa Amapola Guest House Makati City
Q Residences Salcedo
Alejandra Hotel Makati City
Grand Soho Makati
El Cielito Inn
Makati Prime Tower Suites
Amorsolo Mansion Makati City
The Fort Budget Hotel - Bonifacio Global City
Housing Interactive Makati
AIM Conference Center Manila
Baqacionista Traveler's Condo
Alley 8 Apartments
1 River Central Hostel
Robelle Hotel Makati
Hhp Serviced Residences Makati City
Amax in Makati
Royal Regent Hotel
GIC Tourist Inn
Greenbelt Parkplace Serviced Apartments Makati City
Howzat Inn
Avitel Hotel Makati City
Sunette Tower
Inwangsan Hotel
The Serenity Suites
Hotel Sogo EDSA Guadalupe
Regines Hotel

6. La Cartagena Suites
History of Makati City by manila info philippines
In the pre-Spanish era, Makati was ruled by Lakan Tagkan and his wife Bouan. The area was
then predominated by swamps and cogon grass overlooking the banks of the Pasig River. It was
Don Miguel Lopez de Legaspi, the founder of Manila and first governor-general of the
Philippines, who first spotted the area. Legaspi asked the name of the place and because of the
language barrier, this was misinterpreted by the natives. Thus, pointing to the receding tide of the
Pasig River, the natives answered “Makati na, Kumati na,” referring to the “ebbing tide.”
Between the years 1578 to 1670, Makati was a “vista” or a district of Santa Ana de Sapa under
the jurisdiction of a Franciscan priest named Pedro De Alfaro. Its second name was San Pedro de
Makati, which was derived in honor of its patron saint. At times, the town was called “Sampiro,”
a corruption of its name San Pedro. In 1890, San Pedro de Makati was decreed a public town of
Manila.
The peace treaty of 1900, ending the Filipino American War, saw Makati under a municipal
president.
The Philippine Commonwealth Act No. 137 dated June 11, 1901 incorporated San Pedro de
Makati into the province of Rizal. Two years later, a town administrator was installed to
supervise the affairs of the community.
After the turn of the century, Makati remained a third class agricultural community wherein the
means of livelihood came from cultivated rice and horse fodder.
In 1914, the Philippine Legislature Act No. 2390 changed the name of San Pedro de Makati to
Makati, which has remained its official name. The year 1962 saw the construction of a new

7. municipal building for the local administration of Makati. It was erected on a two-hectare lot
donated by the Ayala Securities Corporation. Makati had comprised three areas: the new town of
Makati; the old communities not owned previously or at present by the Ayala Corporation; and
the Fort Bonifacio.
The new town of Makati was attributed to the Ayalas who had been closely adhering to their
master plan of developing Makati into the most modern community in the country. It was forty
years ago when the first of its modern communities, Forbes Park, was opened to attract affluent
families, foreign capitalists, business tycoons industrial titans. Now, it boasts of six (6) affluent
villages with defined residential zones, steel and concrete avenues, first class facilities and
services, ultra-modern skyscrapers, and convenient commercial and recreational facilities. More
than one third of the total land area of the city is located in new Makati.
Beyond the fences of the affluent villages, however, lay the old town of Makati. It was a typical
urban center composed of 17 crowded barangays where the remnants of history were still visible
in a hodge-podge of factories, establishments, century-old schools, and modern churches.
These two extreme contrasts of the Makati community compelled a writer to describe it as an
“artificially inseminated society because it was never left alone to conceive itself.”
The area of Fort Bonifacio, on the other hand, was composed of barangays Cembo, South
Cembo, Comembo, East Rembo, Pembo, Pitogo, Post Proper North, Post Proper South, Rizal
and West Rembo. It had a total land area of 5.4436 square kilometers, with 4.4027 square
kilometers used by the military.
During the last years of the Marcos administration, the City of Makati became the familiar
ground for numerous protest rallies and marches of the various opposition groups. It was in
Makati, particularly the stretch of Ayala, where the confetti revolution started. Major rallies held
in Makati were greeted by confetti made of shredded yellow pages of phone directories. Ugarte
Field replaced Plaza Miranda as the frequent venue of many public rallies to express the people‟s
indignation against the late President Marcos and his government.
The City of Makati had been governed by seventeen (17) Administrators from the early 1901 up
to the present (Annex 1). During the past two decades, development efforts have been

8. concertedly undertaken, resulting in the face-lifting of Makati‟s “old town” and the emergence of
its “new town”.
After the February Revolution, President Corazon C. Aquino appointed Atty. Jejomar C. Binay
to take the reins of the Makati government. Considered as a human rights advocate, Mayor Binay
started the rehabilitation and restructuring of the local government set-up to promote better
delivery of services to the community. The impact of his initial measures earned him the
mandate of the people. Mayor Binay was duly elected as the town‟s 16th administrator in the
local elections of January 1988. In the May 1992 elections, he was re-elected as the town‟s local
chief executive.
The year 1995 was one of the most the significant periods for the administration of Mayor Binay
and the local populace of Makati. It was in this year that the conversion of the Municipality of
Makati into a highly urbanized city took effect with the signing of Republic Act 7854 by
President Fidel V. Ramos on January 2, 1995 followed by the overwhelming approval of the
residents in a plebiscite held on February 4, 1995. As provided by the City Charter, Makati is
now divided into two congressional districts that correspond to the two existing districts created
by Republic Act No. 7166, as implemented by the Commission on Elections, except that
barangays Magallanes, Forbes Park and Dasmariñas are now in District I in lieu of barangay
Guadalupe Viejo, which became part of District II.
The 1991 Local Government Code limits the term of all elected local government officials to
only three consecutive terms. This provision, however, did not hamper the continuance of Mayor
Jojo Binay‟s brand of public service.
In 1998, the mayor passed the torch to his wife, Dr. Elenita S. Binay, a doctor of medicine, who
was overwhelmingly elected by the local populace to become the 17th Mayor and the „First
Woman Chief Executive‟ of Makati City. It was during her administration that the city won the
Philippine Quality Award (PQA) Commitment to Quality for exemplary organizational
performance. Makati was the only LGU which won the award in year 2000.
The mayoral election held on May 2001 gave another opportunity for Mayor Jejomar C. Binay to
continue his leadership as the city‟s top public official. It was during this term that the City of
Makati won international and local acclaim for its noteworthy programs. The Makati Health

9. Program, popularly known as “Yellow Card,” won the Dubai International “Best Practices”
Award for 2002, a joint project of the United Nations Human Settlements Program (UN-
HABITAT) and the Municipality of Dubai, for its “outstanding contributions towards improving
the living environment.”
Makati likewise reinforced its claim as the country‟s leader in e-governance thru information
technology when its official website, www.makati.gov.ph, won the much coveted Philippine E-
Government Award by the Philippine Internet Commerce Society in 2002.
Radyo Makati, a regular Sunday radio program on DWIZ hosted by Mayor Binay and Vice
Mayor Ernesto S. Mercado from 7:30am to 9:00am, was awarded the Jaime Cardinal Sin
Serviam Award for “Outstanding Community Service in the Promotion of Christian Values” in
the 2004 Catholic Mass Media Awards.
In the area of peace and order, the city gained many milestones thru various recognitions earned
by its peacekeeping bodies. The Makati City Peace and Order Council made it to the “Hall of
Fame” for the second time when the National Police Commission named it the Best City Peace
and Order Council in the Highly Urbanized Category from 2002 to 2004, a title which the
Council held from 1995 to 1997.
Likewise, the Makati Police Station was adjudged the best in the country in 2004, and won the
Patrol 117 Award for Best Crime Responder given by the Philippine National Police. The Makati
Fire Station was also named Best Fire Station in the National Capital Region in 2004.
In the Philippine Cities Competitiveness Ranking Program of the Asian Institute of Management
Policy Center, Makati was cited as the Most Dynamic City in 2004, and one of the Top Five
Performing Cities in 2005.
The year 2006 marked the conferment of more prestigious distinctions on the mayor and his city.
Mayor Binay was named among the Top Ten World Mayors in 2006, ranking fourth out of 677
mayors from Asia, U.S.A., Europe and South America in an internet-based survey aimed to
promote strong cities and good governance.
The Makati City Disaster Coordinating Council (MCDCC) was a recipient of the 2006 Gawad

10. Kalasag award in the Highly Urbanized/Independent City category. In giving the award, the
National Disaster Coordinating Council cited the Makati Rescue, a widely recognized
component of the MDCC that renders both medical and technical support services, and the
Makati C3 EARS (Command, Control & Communication Emergency Alert and Response
System) Center, a mini-911 capable of receiving and responding to emergency calls anywhere in
Makati on a 24/7 basis.
The primordial importance given by the city government to the welfare of its young constituents,
as demonstrated by its outstanding programs promoting their holistic development, was duly
recognized when Makati won the 2006 and 2007 Presidential Award for Most Child-Friendly
City in the National Capital Region.