1. carlo vezzoli politecnico di milano . INDACO dpt. . DIS . School of design . Italy Learning Network on Sustainability course System Design for Sustainability subject 3. System design for eco-efficency learning resource 3.2 System design for eco-efficiency

2. CONTENTS . system design for eco-efficiency: a definition . system design for eco-efficiency: approach . criteria of system design for eco-efficiency . system life optimisation . transportation-distribution reduction . resources reduction . waste minimisation-valorisation . conservation-biocompatibility . toxic reduction . system design for eco-efficiency: skills, m ethods and tools

3. new research frontier … low impact mat./energies design for social equity and cohesion system design for eco-efficiency Product Life Cycle Design ecodesign SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY : STATE OF ART (in industrially mature contexts) CONSOLIDATION (research achievements on knowledge-base and know-how) (education and practice) DISSEMINATION 100% 100% 0 widening the “object” to be designed … aim at

10. (SATISFACTION) OFFERING DIAGRAMM

11. [a parallel with product design: it imagines and defines the technical performance and aesthetic characteristics of “components” – materials/shape - and their “ connections” – joining elements - to respond to a set of “requirements” ] systems design for eco-efficiency: it imagines and defines “ connections” – interactions/partnerships – between appropriate “components” – socio-economic stakeholders – of a system, responding to a particular “requirement” - social demand for satisfaction - B. “STAKEHOLDER CONFIGURATION” APPROACH design the interactions of the stakeholder of a particular satisfaction-system

12. H. SYSTEM MAP (DETAILED) STAKEHOLDERS SYSTEM MAP

13. > CRITERIA AND GUIDELINES ARE NEEDED > METHODS AND TOOLS ARE NEEDED to orientate design towards system eco-efficent stakeholder interactions NOT ALL SYSTEM INNOVATION ARE ECO-EFFICENT! C. SYSTEM ECO-EFFICENCY APPROACH design such a stakeholder interactions (offer model) that for economic and competitive reasons continuously seek after environmentally beneficial new solutions

14. SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY CRITERIA (TO REDUCE THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT) . System life optimisation . Transportation-distribution reduction . Resources reduction . Waste minimisation-valorisation . Conservation-biocompatibility . Toxic reduction [ADOPTED BY LeNS, 2010]

15. SYSTEM LIFE OPTIMISATION DESIGN FOR, SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO, EXTEND ING THE SUM OF THE PRODUCTS’ LIFE SPAN AND INTENS IFYING THE SUM OF THE PRODUCTS’ USE

16. given function in time USE AVOIDED IMPACTS LIGHTER IMPACTS short product’s ( system sum ) life extended product’s ( system sum ) life PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE PRE-PRODUCTION NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNIQUES WITH LOWER USE CONSUMPTION USE DISP. P-PR. PROD . DISTR . UPDATING OF THE COMPONENTS CAUSING CONSUMPTION PRE-PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE DISPOSAL PRE-PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE

17. LIFE INDIPENDENT FROM LENGHT OF USE AVOIDED IMPACTS product’s ( system sum ) not intense life product’s ( system sum ) intense life P-PROD . PROD . DISTR . DISP . use (function) during time P-PROD . PROD . DISTR . DISP . P-PROD . PROD . DISTR . DISP. P-PROD . PROD . DISTR . DISP . B 1 B 2 B 3 A 1 A 2 A 3 C 1 C 2 C 3 A 1 A 2 A 3 B 1 B 2 B 3 C 1 C 2 C 3

18. PP P Dt PP P Dt PP P Dt PP P Dt Ds use (function) during of time NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND TECHNIQUES WITH LOWER USE CONSUMPTION NEW PRE AND POST CONSUMPTION TECHNOLOGIES WITH LOWER IMPACT LIFE FUNCTION OF LENGHT OF USE product’s ( system sum ) not intense life product’s ( system sum ) intense life LIGHTER IMPACTS LIGHTER IMPACTS Ds Ds Ds PP P Dt Ds PP P Dt Ds

19. TRANSPORTATION/DISTRIBUTION REDUCTION DESIGN FOR, SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO, REDUCING THE SUM OF THE TRANSPORTATIONS AND PACKAGINGS

20. RESOURCES REDUCTION DESIGN FOR, SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS ’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO, REDUCING THE SUM OF THE MATERIALS AND THE ENERGIES USED BY ALL PRODUCTS AND SERVICES OF THE SYSTEM

21. WASTE MINIMISATION/VALORISATION DESIGN FOR, SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO, IMPROVING THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM RECYCLING, ENERGY RECOVERY AND COMPOSTING AND REDUCING THE SUM OF THE WASTE PRODUCED

22. material ( system sum ) non-extended life material ( system sum ) extended life AVOIDED IMPACTS ADDITIONAL IMPACTS PRE-PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE LANDFILL PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE PRE-PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DISTRIBUTION USE RECYCLING COMBUSTION COMPOSTING PRE-PRODUCTION

23. CONSERVATION/BIOCOMPATIBILITY DESIGN FOR, SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO, IMPROVING THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM’S RESOURCES CONSERVATION/RENEWABILITY

24. TOXIC REDUCTION DESIGN FOR, SYSTEM STAKEHOLDERS’ INTERACTIONS LEADING TO, REDUCING/AVOIDING THE SUM OF THE SYSTEM’S MATERIALS’S TOXICITY AND HARMFULNESS

25. SDO SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIENTING TOOLKIT

27. SDO SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN-ORIENTING TOOLKIT

29. some methods/tools developed to orientat e system design towards sustainable solutions: [for new skills] NEW METHODS/TOOLS SusProNet, Network on sustainable PSS development [see Tukker &Tischner, 2006] Design4Sustainability Step by step approach [see Tischner & Vezzoli, 2009] HiCS, Highly Customerised Solutions [see Manzini et al. 2004] MEPSS, MEthodology for Product Service System development [see van Halen et al. 2005] ProSecCo, Product Service Co-design [2005] METHOD Storyboard Offering diagram Interaction table SDO toolkit System assessment Solution elements Diagnosis module Implementation module Blu Opportunity module portfolio diagram TOOLS DESIGN

30. METHODS/TOOLS BY LeNS: SDO toolkit: environmental system design orientation on-line use, free access: www.sdo-lens.polomi.it free download open: www.lens.polimi.it > tools METHOD FOR SYSTEM DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY (MSDS) STRATEGIC ANALYSIS EXPLORING OPPORTUNITIES SYSTEM CONCEPT DESIGN SYSTEM DESIGN (AND ENGIN.) COMMUNICATION MSDS PHASES/PROCESSES ANALYSIS OF THE PROJECT PROMOTERS ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE CONTEXT ANALYSIS OF BEST PRACTICES ANALYSIS OF THE REFERENCE STRUCTURE DEFINITION OF SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN PRIORITIES IDEAS GENERATION ORIENTED TO SUSTAINABILITY DEVELEPMENT OF THE SUSTAINABILITY DESIGN ORIENTING SCENARIO - VISIONS/CLUSTERS/IDEAS VISIONS, CLUSTERS AND IDEAS SELECTION SYSTEM CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT (EXECUTIVE LEVEL) ENV., SOC. & ECON. CHECK DOCUMENTS EDITING

31. CASES OF SYSTEM DESIGN FOR ECO-EFFICIENCY USING THE MSDS METHOD

32. LESS WASTES: OTHER WAYS OF DOING SCENARIOS AND SYSTEMS’ CONCEPTS OF UPSTREAM WASTES REDUCTION IN THE FOOD AND PAPER CHAINS IN THE CITY OF BRESCIA, ITALY commissioned by: ASM-BRESCIA existing system analysis eco-efficient scenarios and system concept development sustainability focused ideas generation

33. ECO-EFFICIENT SCENARIOS ELABORATION commissioned by: eco-efficient scenarios elaboration PSS concept design PSS CONCEPT DESIGN

34. DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM INNOVATION INTRODUCTION AND DIFFUSION PATH ECO-EFFICIENT SCENARIOS ELABORATION commissioned by: eco-efficient scenarios elaboration PSS concept design ECO-EFFICIENT PSS CONCEPT DESIGN TETRA PAK system innovation introd. and diffusion path