Blood transports oxygen, nutrients, hormones and antibodies throughout the body while removing carbon dioxide and waste. It consists of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. There are three types of blood vessels - arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart and have thick muscular walls; veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart and have thin walls; and capillaries allow for gas exchange and have a single layer of cells. Arteries and veins have three layers while capillaries only have one.

1. Done by Hong En, Cherie, Putri and Leonard

2. -Blood transports oxygen and nutrients from the lungs
and the digestive tract to body cells.
-It carries away carbon dioxide and other waste
products that the body does not need.

3.  Keeps body at the right temperature
 Carries hormones to the body’s cells
 Sends antibodies to fight infection
Slides 2-3 made by Hong En
 Helps blood clotting and heal body tissues

4. THE COMPONENTS OF BLOOD AND
THEIR FUNCTIONS
Plasma
 Fluid part of blood
 Carries carbon dioxide, hormones and waste
Red blood cells
 Contain haemoglobin which carries oxygen
 Made in the bone marrow.
White blood cells
 Produce antibodies and destroy harmful microorganisms
 Made in the bone marrow
Platelets
 Clump together to form clots to protect the body

5. Blood Vessels
There are three blood vessels. The artery, vein and capillary.
Blood vessels are hollow tubes which transfers blood to all
parts of the body.

6. Artery
the Artery consists of three lAyers. the
outer tissue, the musculAr middle And the
inner epitheliAl cell.
the Artery cArries blood rich in oxygen to
the cApillAries for the exchAnge of oxygen
to cArbon dioxide.
you cAn use it to meAsure heArt beAts And
blood pressure becAuse it expAnds And
contrActs.

7. Vein
The vein, similar to the Artery, has three layers. However, the outer layer
is thinner.
The vein has lesser pressure than the artery, so it is weaker than the
artery.
The vein contains waste- rich blood as it absorbs gas from the capillaries
after the exchange of oxygen to carbon dioxide.
The vein contains a vein valve which pushes blood up against gravity.

8. Capillaries
Unlike the artery and the vein, the capillaries have
only one layer. Which is only one epithelial cell thick.
Slides 1, 5-8 and 11 made by Leonard
It exchanges air from oxygen to other waste
products.

9. THE STRUCTURE OF ARTERIES, VEINS
AND CAPILLARIES THEIR FUNCTIONS
Arteries
 Carry blood away from the heart (always oxygenated)
 Have thick muscular walls
 Have small passageways for blood (internal lumen)
(central cavity of a hollow structure in an organism or a cell)
Slide 4 and 9 made by Cherie
 Contain blood under high pressure
Veins
 Carry blood to the heart (always de-oxygenated)
 Have thin walls
 Have larger internal lumen
 Contain blood under low pressure
Capillaries
 Found in the muscles and lungs
 Microscopic – one cell thick
 Very low blood pressure
 Gas exchange takes place

10.  http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/images2/261gasexchan
ge.jpg
 http://www.daviddarling.info/images/blood_clotting.gif
 Picture in slide 5 made by Leonard with the help of
http://www.botany.uwc.ac.za/sci_ed/grade10/manphys/images/fig4a
.gif
 Picture in Slide 1 made by Leonard with the help of
http://www.heartzine.com/diagrams/circulatory-system.jpg

11. Thank you from: