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Cyseni presentation
1. Linas Jurgutis, Alvyra Šlepetienė
Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry (LAMMC)
Instituto al.1, LT-58344, Akademija, Kedainiai Distr., Lithuania
BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM CHICKEN MANURE AT DIFFERENT ORGANIC LOADING RATES
ONLINE CYSENI 2021
17TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF YOUNG
SCIENTISTS ON ENERGY AND NATURAL SCIENCES
ISSUES
1
2. Presentation agenda
1. What is biogas?
2. Biogas industry future trends
3. Chicken manure biogas potential
4. Full scale biogas production process analysis
5. Conclusions
2
3. Biogas is a renewable and green energy source
CH4
50-70% of biogas
contains energy
Electricity
Heat
Green gas
Biogas helps to mitigate
dependence on fossil fuels
Waste to
product
Anaerobic digestion process
converts organic waste into
green energy and organic
fertilizer
Renewable
energy
Raw materials for biogas
production are renewable
sources
Circular
economy
Nature -> Goods -> Waste ->
Biogas-> Organic fertilizer ->
Nature
Environmental
friendly
Treatment of biogas helps to
reduce CO2 emissions
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4. Hydrogen and biomethane set for hyper growth in EU
EU will phase out natural gas by 2050 and void will be filled by hydrogen and biomethane
The European Green Deal puts the EU on a path to climate neutrality by 2050, through the deep decarbonisation of
all sectors of the economy
The energy system is crucial to deliver on these goals: biomethane (biogas) top priority due to its OPEX
4
Source: 2020 Gas Decarbonisation Pathways study, A Gas for Climate policy paper, European commission COM (2020) 299 final
2020 2030 2040 2050
Biomethane
Hydrogen
Natural gas
5. Europe biogas market will demonstrate 8.3% CAGR* up to 2040
5
Source: European Biogas Association Statistical Report 2020, CE Delft, Euro gas, Gas for climate, International Energy Agency (IEA) data
*Compound annual growth rate
193
375
1020
1326
2019 2030 2040 2050
Europe biogas market potential, TWh biogas
6. 30-40%
Processed into biogas.
Chicken manure is the promising feedstock for biogas production
20 million tons
per year of chicken manure produced in the world.
Ammonia
Inhibition
Gravel/grit
High amount of impurities in the feedstock
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8. Full scale biogas production process analysis for chicken manure digestion
250 m3/h CH4 production
217 days experiment duration
>5 000 tons of chicken manure processed
>8 000 tons of water and recirculate used
>13 000 tons of digestate produced
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9. Full scale biogas production process analysis for chicken manure digestion
Periods 1 2 3 4
Experiment period Stable Imbalance Acclimatization Acclimated
Experiment duration days 25 21 60 111
Biogas production m3 t VS added 504 466 486 489
Biogas composition % CH4 60 53.3 57.9 58.6
Hydraulic retention time days 42 35 34 45
Organic loading rate (OLR) kg VS m3 d 2.22 2.24 2.27 3.14
VFA g/L 3.7
7.37
(peak at 10.8)
9.13 7.86
N-NH4 g/L 3.94 4.09 5.09 5.41
pH 8.04 7.40 7.98 7.96
FAN mg/L 604 598 566 542
Temperature °C 40.3 40.4 37.4 36.1
Process efficiency % 95.08 78.15 88.64
90.02
(peak at 93%)
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11. Why the continuous fermentation temperature was 40 C at the beginning and
why it was reduced to 36 C later?
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
6.9 7 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 7.9 8 8.1
mg/L
pH
Free ammonia nitrgoen concentration in relation to pH and temperature change
41
40
39
38
35
36
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12. Why the process efficiency at the beginning was so high? How it is related to
organic loading rate?
• The high initial process efficiency might be related to:
• lower ammonium concentration in the fermenter
• lower VFA concentration due to:
• Low process inhibition phenomena
• Lower organic loading rate
• The lower organic loading rate serves lower amount of nitrogen and organic matter
introduced into the fermentation system and so the system can handle this easier (with no
inhibition effect). Slower inhibiting agent build up.
• System can also handle higher OLR, however, adaptation period with steady feeding is
needed.
Increased
OLR
Increased
partial
inhibition
Decreased
process
efficiency
Decreased amount
of biogas (power)
produced
Increased
feeding
rate
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13. Conclusions
• As the demand for renewable energy is growing, chicken manure becomes an attractive feedstock
for biobased energy production. The BMP results indicate that chicken manure produces 312± 23 L
CH4 kg-1 VS added and the biogas yield per quantity of wet mass depends on the volatile solids
fraction in the manure biomass.
• The results obtained from the full scale anaerobic digestion plant from the 217 days’ operational
period of chicken manure digestion as a mono substrate indicated that there is time required for
acclimatization phase of the anaerobic digestion process.
• This acclimatization should be performed by continuous steady supply of chicken manure into the
bioreactor while maintaining constant organic loading rate. The acclimatization phenomena can be
related to ammonium concentration in the fermentation media causing partial inhibition, which is
reflected in biogas volume as well as energy content reduction. However, the data analysis of
anaerobic digestion performance indicates that the system is able to adapt and acclimate to increased
nitrogen concentration in the media.
• Once adapted, the performance of biogas plant fermenter was able to deliver 93% of chicken
manure biogas potential with a OLR of 3.14 kg VS L-1d-1 and TAN concentration of 5.5 g L-1.
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