college comp 2 slide

1. The Effects of
Antibiotics
Lizmary Nadal

2. Research topic
– My research topic will be on the effects of antibiotics in the body. I will go into
details about other related topics that includes, Over-usage of antibiotics,
Antibiotic resistance and Superbugs, the formation of antibiotics in
pharmaceuticals, and The usage of antibiotics in the Food and Agricultural
industry.
– My goal for this topic is not to bash the usage of antibiotics, instead create a
neutral atmosphere where the drug is seen as both a bad and good thing. For
instance, on one hand Antibiotics kills bacterial, but on the other hand it also
includes killing good bacteria (probiotics) along with the bacterial infections.

3. History of Antibiotics
– The first commercially available antibacterial was Prontosil, which was
developed by a German biochemist Gerhard Domagk in the 1930s. Although in
1928, Alexander Fleming had discovered the first antibiotic called penicillin, but
it wasn’t introduced as a treatment for bacterial infections until 1942. This was
only possible through the work of Florey and Chain who managed to efficiently
purify the antibiotic and scale-up production.
– The introduction of penicillin marked the beginning of the so-called “golden
era” of antibiotics. Between 1940 and 1962, most of the antibiotic classes we
use as medicines today were discovered and introduced to the market.

4. Referenced individuals
– Several Pharmaceutical companies such as Johnson and Johnson, Roche, GSK,
Novartis, Sanofi, Etc.
– Alexander Fleming
– Antoine Van Leeuwenhoek
– Various studies conducted by universities

5. Questions I have about
antibiotics
– Why does it take so long for new and improved antibiotics to rise to the market.
– What other medicines/ cures can people take or do in order to clear a bacterial
infection without using antibiotics
– What kind of antibiotics are used in the Food and agricultural industry

6. Opposing Viewpoint
– The opposing Viewpoint of my argument will be the stance/argument of
antibiotics are always good for you. For example, Ignoring all the scientific data
and arguing that antibiotics are there to solve every sickness imaginable
therefore people should continue taking them.

7. Bibliography
– Aminov, R. I. (2010, December 8). A Brief History of the Antibiotic Era: Lessons Learned and
Challenges for the Future. Retrieved October 11, 2018, from
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3109405/
– “History of Antibiotic Development – Antibiotics – ReAct.” ReAct,
www.reactgroup.org/toolbox/understand/antibiotics/development-of-antibiotics-as-
medicines/.
– Manufacturing and producing antibiotics by pharmaceutical companies. (n.d.). Retrieved
October 11, 2018, from https://amrbenchmark.org/research-areas/mp/
– Nordqvist, C. (2018, July 25). Antibiotics: Uses, resistance, and side effects. Retrieved October
11, 2018, from https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/10278.php
– Sukkar, E. (2013, November 13). Why are there so few antibiotics in the research and
development pipeline? Retrieved October 11, 2018, from https://www.pharmaceutical-
journal.com/news-and-analysis/features/why-are-there-so-few-antibiotics-in-the-research-
and-development-pipeline/11130209.article?firstPass=false