2. Pioneers of Scientific Management
• Late 1800’s : era of transition from era of craftsmen & guilds
to factories
• Scientific Management first mentioned by Charles Babbage
in 1832 but implemented by Taylor in the early 1900’s
Babbage
Taylor
3. What is scientific management?
• Craftsmen’s skill was passed down orally; no codification
and skills were dependent on the worker
• The job was analysed in a ‘scientific’ manner & broken
down into its components or tasks
• These tasks could then be done by individuals who were
trained do tasks – separation of worker from craft
• Objective was to ensure efficiency in execution of the job
flow and maximum output
4. Scientific Management Era
• Separation of roles for Manager & workers : Managers
involved in planning while workers involved in execution
• Managers will select & train workers for tasks
• Advocated higher rewards for higher worker outputs
• Paved the way for other scientific methods - like the
GANNT chart & PERT / CPM
5. Scientific Management Era: Soldiering
• Taylor talked about conflict within the organization:
o Manager Opportunism
o Worker opportunism (systematic soldiering )
• He analyzed worker opportunism as a problem of
inadequate incentive structure, inadequate training
system and a reflection of the social condition.
9. • Maximum Output and Efficiency
• ‘How’ the tasks can be done better by Physiological
Factors
• Therblig, ergonomics, work/life balance, job enrichment,
and job placement
• Term fatigue was further explained well and was
segregated and studied
• Appreciation of the Human element in task throughput
Gilbreth’s Contribution
10. Scientific Management: GAPS
The unit of analysis in this period is the ‘task’. Some
questions that emerged:
• How do we manage large groups of workers in the best
possible way?
• How do we motivate workers to produce their best given
the ‘routine’ nature of most tasks?
Notas del editor
This template can be used as a starter file to give updates for project milestones.
Sections
Right-click on a slide to add sections. Sections can help to organize your slides or facilitate collaboration between multiple authors.
Notes
Use the Notes section for delivery notes or to provide additional details for the audience. View these notes in Presentation View during your presentation.
Keep in mind the font size (important for accessibility, visibility, videotaping, and online production)
Coordinated colors
Pay particular attention to the graphs, charts, and text boxes.
Consider that attendees will print in black and white or grayscale. Run a test print to make sure your colors work when printed in pure black and white and grayscale.
Graphics, tables, and graphs
Keep it simple: If possible, use consistent, non-distracting styles and colors.
Label all graphs and tables.
What is the project about?
Define the goal of this project
Is it similar to projects in the past or is it a new effort?
Define the scope of this project
Is it an independent project or is it related to other projects?
* Note that this slide is not necessary for weekly status meetings
* If any of these issues caused a schedule delay or need to be discussed further, include details in next slide.