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Integration 
Architecture 
BASEL BERN LAUSANNE ZÜRICH DÜSSELDORF FRANKFURT A.M. FREIBURG I.BR. HAMBURG MÜNCHEN STUTTGART WIEN 
2013 © Trivadis 
Monitoring and Tuning 
Oracle Fusion 
Middleware and SOA 
Suite 11g 
Matthias Furrer und Daniel Joray 
TechEvent April 2013 
April 2013 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Introduction 
• Matthias Furrer 
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 Long-standing experience in SOA and ERP Area 
 Architect, Consultant, Lead-Developer and Project Manager 
 SOA Certified Professional 
 Oracle SOA Blackbelt Consultant 
 Trainer with Trivadis Oracle Middleware und SOA 
 Reviewer of Technical Publications 
 More than 20 years of software development experience 
 Contact: matthias.furrer@trivadis.com 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g 
April 2013
2013 © Trivadis 
Agenda 
 Part I: Monitoring Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g 
 Manual Monitoring 
 Automated Monitoring 
 Part II: Tuning Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g 
 SOA Suite Infrastructure 
 SOA Suite Development 
 OSB Infrastructure 
 OSB Development 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g 
April 2013
Manual Monitoring 
WebLogic Logging - Overview 
• Each WebLogic Server instance writes all messages from its 
subsystems and applications to a server log file that is located on the 
local host computer. The default location for server logs is 
DOMAIN_HOMEserversSERVER_NAMElogsSERVER_NAME.log 
• Each server instance forwards a subset of its messages to a domain-wide 
log file. By default, only messages with a severity level of 
NOTICE or higher are forwarded. The default location for domain 
logs is 
DOMAIN_HOMEserversADMIN_SERVER_NAMElogsDOMAIN_NAME.log 
• The Node Manager writes start-up and status messages to 
FMW_HOMEcommonnodemangernodemanager.log 
Detailed Information can be found in “Oracle® Configuring Log Files and Filtering 
Log Messages for Oracle WebLogic Server (E13739)”. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Manual Monitoring 
WebLogic Logging – stdout and stderr 
• In addition to writing messages to a log file, each server instance 
prints a subset of its messages to standard out. If not redirected, 
standard out is the shell (command prompt) in which the server 
instance is running. 
• By default, a server instance prints only messages of a NOTICE 
severity level or higher to standard out 
• If Node Manager is used to start a Server, the messages that would 
otherwise be output to stdout or stderr when starting a Managed 
Server are instead displayed in the Administration Console and written 
to a single log file for that server instance, 
DOMAIN_HOMEserversSERVER_NAMElogsSERVER_NAME.out 
Log rotation cannot be set-up for the .out files, on UNIX systems operating 
system commands can be used for this. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Manual Monitoring 
Fusion Middleware Logging - Overview 
• In addition to the WebLogic log files, Oracle Fusion Middleware 
components write diagnostic log files in the Oracle Diagnostic 
Logging (ODL) format. Log file naming and the format of the 
contents of log files conforms to an Oracle standard and, by default, 
the diagnostic messages are written in text format. 
• The default location for SOA Suite diagnostic logs is 
DOMAIN_NAMEserversSERVER_NAMElogsSERVER_NAME-diagnostic.log 
• You can view log files using Fusion Middleware Control or the WLST 
displayLogs command, or you can download log files to your 
local client and view them using another tool 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Manual Monitoring 
Configuring FMW (Diagnostic) Log Files 
• You can configure the server log file Fusion Middleware Control under the SOA 
Infrastructure - Log Configuration Menu 
• Typically you adjust settings about file names, rotation, file retention here after 
initial installation 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Manual Monitoring 
Configuring FMW (Diagnostic) Log Files – Log Levels 
• There are two types of loggers: Persistent loggers and Runtime loggers 
• Run-time loggers are 
loggers that are 
currently active. 
Changing the log level 
will not require a restart 
of the component. 
• Persistent loggers are 
loggers that are saved 
in a configuration file 
and log levels of these 
loggers are persistent 
across component 
restarts. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Manual Monitoring 
Selective Tracing 
• The purpose of Selective Tracing is to allow for finer grained control of 
logging, thereby limiting the information logged to only that which is 
needed. 
• Selective Tracing allows for increasing the trace level in a domain for a 
specified subset of activity and for a specified duration in minutes. 
• Tracing sessions can be started and stopped from either Fusion Middleware 
Control or WLST. 
• Several of the Selective Tracing options are applicable to SOA and one, 
Composite Name, is specifically for SOA. 
• Selective Tracing is of particular benefit when trying to troubleshoot 
production issues and the overhead of logging needs to be kept to a 
minimum. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Manual Monitoring 
Selective Tracing - Configuration 
• You can configure Selective Tracing from the WebLogic Domain Menu 
under Logs - Selective Tracing 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Manual Monitoring 
Overview available Utilities 
 Monitoring SOA Suite Infrastructure 
Many options are available to monitor SOA Suite Infrastructure, 
WebLogic resources and SOA Suite Components. Among these, 
there are : 
• WebLogic Administration Console 
• WebLogic Administration Console Monitoring Dashboard 
• Dynamic Monitoring Services - DMS Spy Servlet 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Monitoring Utilities 
WebLogic Administration Console 
 Monitoring WebLogic Components and Resources 
Among others you can monitor the following in WebLogic 
Administration Console: 
• Administration and Managed Servers 
• Subsystem Health (Applications and Adapters) 
• JVM Performance 
• Thread Activity 
• Workload 
• Security 
• JMS (Java Message Service) 
• JDBC Datasources 
• JTA (Java Transaction API) 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Monitoring Utilities 
Dynamic Monitoring Service (DMS) 
The Oracle Dynamic Monitoring Service (DMS) enables Oracle Fusion 
Middleware components to provide administration tools, such as Oracle 
Enterprise Manager, with data regarding the component's performance, state 
and on-going behaviour. Fusion Middleware Components push data to DMS and 
in turn DMS publishes that data through a range of different components.. 
• DMS Spy Servlet 
• WLDF 
• WLST 
• JConsole (MBeans) 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Monitoring Utilities 
DMS Spy Servlet 
• The Monitoring Dashboard is available under the URL: 
http(s)://fmwhost:soaport/dms/Spy 
• You can also monitor your DMS collected metrics here 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Monitoring Utilities 
Administration Console Monitoring Dashboard 
The Monitoring Dashboard provides views and tools for graphically presenting 
diagnostic data about servers and applications running on them. The underlying 
functionality for generating, retrieving, and persisting diagnostic data is provided 
by the WebLogic Diagnostics Framework. The Monitoring Dashboard provides 
additional tools for presenting that data in charts and graphs. 
• Built-In Views 
• Custom Views 
• Metrics Browser 
• Charts 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Monitoring Utilities 
Monitoring Dashboard 
• The Monitoring Dashboard is available under the URL: 
http(s)://fmwhost:adminport/console/dashboard 
• You can create your own views using the metrics browser for your SOA 
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Composites 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
Overview 
 Automating Monitoring 
In order to automating monitoring of your infrastructure and SOA 
composites with agents or scripting, the options include : 
• WebLogic Diagnostics Framework (WLDF) 
• WebLogic ScriptingTool (WLST) 
• Java Admin Utility 
• SOA Management Packs 
• Oracle Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
WebLogic Diagnostic Framework (WLDF) 
The WebLogic Diagnostics Framework (WLDF) is a monitoring and diagnostic 
framework that defines and implements a set of services that run within 
WebLogic Server processes and participate in the standard server life cycle. 
• Monitoring Dashboard 
• Notifications 
• Metrics 
• SMTP, SNMP, JMX 
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and JMS 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring and Alerting 
WLDF – Setting up Diagnostic Module 
• Automated Monitoring and Alerting 
1. Creating a new Mail Session , which enables applications to access a pre-configured 
javax.mail.Session object through JNDI. 
The Mail Session can be used for the Notification. Other options include : SNMP, JMS 
2. Creating a new Notification 
The Notification will be triggered by the Watch. 
3. Use the Dashboard or the DMS Spy Servlet application to find the metrics and 
attributes that needs to be monitored 
4. Creating a new Watch 
The Watch will use the defined DMS metrics to monitor system state in the Diagnostic 
Framework. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring and Alerting 
WLDF – Use Dashboards to find Metrics and Attributes 
• In order to find the relevant metrics and associated attributes, the easiest way is 
to review the available metrics in the interactive applications: 
http://host:admin_port/console/dashboard 
http://host:soa_port/dms/Spy 
• The following DMS metrics groups are good candidates to monitor runtime 
activity of SOA Suite composites: 
• soainfra_component 
• soainfra_mediator_flow 
• soainfra_JCABinding 
• soa_infra_bpel_requests 
• soa_infra_bpel_activity 
• The following DMS metrics groups are good candidates to monitor runtime 
activity of JVM: 
• JRockit (MBean) 
• weblogic.management.runtime.JRockitRuntimeMBean 
• JVM 
• JVM_GC 
• JVM_ThreadStats 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
WLST 
Use can use WLST commands to view information about a specific performance 
metric, a set of performance metrics, or all performance metrics for a particular 
server or component. 
• DMS Metric Commands 
• Server Status 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
Java Admin Utility 
The weblogic.Admin utility can access the Administration Server as well as all 
active server instances directly. If the Administration Server is down, you can still 
use the weblogic.Admin utility to retrieve runtime information from Managed 
Servers and invoke administrative commands. 
• Java Management Extensions (JMX) 
• Usable from command line or Java Class 
while(mbeanIterator.hasNext()) { 
serverRuntime = (ServerRuntimeMBean)mbeanIterator.next(); 
if(serverRuntime.getState().equals(ServerStates.RUNNING)){ 
serverRuntime.shutdown(); 
2013 © Trivadis 
} 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
Java Admin Utility –Command Line 
While the Administration Console interacts only with the Administration Server, 
the weblogic.Admin utility can access the Administration Server as well as 
all active server instances directly.. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
SOA Management Packs 
The Oracle SOA Management Pack Enterprise Edition delivers comprehensive 
management capabilities for a Service-Oriented Architecture-based (SOA) 
environment. 
• Centralized Management Console 
• Infrastructure Management 
• Configuration Management 
• Deployment Automation 
• Adapter Metrics 
• Service Level Management 
• Business Transaction Management 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
SOA Management Packs 
• Based on Cloud Control / 
Grid Control platform 
• Not included in SOA Suite 
2013 © Trivadis 
license 
• WebLogic Management 
Packs also available 
Source: Oracle Corp. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
Oracle Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) 
The primary focus of Oracle Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) is to monitor 
Business Transactions. However, due to it’s alerting capabilities it can also be 
used to monitor composite instances. 
• Visualized dashboards of composite instances can be implemented 
• Alerting when abnormal situations occur 
• Deviation of expected results can be monitored 
• JCA BAM-Adapters can be used in BPEL, BPM and Oracle Service Bus 
• SOAP web service and JMS interface 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Automated Monitoring 
Oracle Business Activity Monitoring 
• Integrated component of Oracle SOA Suite 
• Included in SOA Suite license 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning 
Top Performance Areas 
To maximize the performance capabilities of the applications, 
performance and scalability must be considered in environment 
configuration and build into the design. 
It is required to continuously monitor and track specific performance 
issues within the application to understand where tuning can improve 
performance 
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Source: Oracle Corp. 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Configuration and Tuning 
Top Performance Areas – Environment 
To maximize Oracle Fusion Middleware performance, it is required to 
monitor, analyze, and tune all the components that are used by the 
applications. 
• Hardware Resources 
• Operating System 
• Java Virtual Machine 
• Repository Database 
• WebLogic Server 
• Database Connections and Datasource Configuration 
• Service Engine Configuration 
• Logging Levels 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Configuration 
Environment and Deployment Architecture Considerations 
2013 © Trivadis 
• Hardware 
• Sufficient resources. 
• Separate architectural components should be deployed into separate tiers – the web servers, 
application servers and database should be installed in different tiers, since they require different 
tuning. If the WebCenter portal and content management components are being used, they 
should also be installed on different machines 
• Clustering 
• If it is believed that there might be a need for a clustered. configuration eventually, consider 
deploying into a cluster from day one, even if it is a cluster with only one node in it. 
• Versions 
• Using the current software versions ensures avoidance of any issues that are already addressed 
by patches that Oracle has released for issues encountered by other customers. 
• Auditing and Logging 
• Use diagnostic logs only with caution and in development environments 
• Use Warning level and above in production environments 
• Be aware that Nodemanager stdout/stderr logs are not rotated 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Configuration 
Environment and Deployment Architecture Considerations 
• .ADF Applications 
• Use dedicated managed servers for ADF Applications – such as Human Workflow and BPM 
Workspaces if used frequently. 
2013 © Trivadis 
• SSL Usage 
• Be aware that SSL encryption is coming with a significant CPU overhead. 
• Consider using SSL termination by hardware load balancers and using encryption only in DMZ 
• Policy Store 
• The file-based policy store (system-jazn-data.xml) is not suitable for production 
environments.. 
• For production deployments Oracle highly recommended to use the database or OID for the 
policy store. 
• Development Environments 
• Admin Server-only domains should be used only in development environments. 
• Use Development Mode Domains only for development environments. Use Production Mode for 
all other domains 
• Consider tuning JVM heap settings for JDeveloper in 
ORACLE_HOME/jdeveloper/ide/bin/ide.conf 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning Java Virtual Machine 
Heap Size and Garbage Collection – Basic Recommendations 
The goal of tuning your heap size is to minimize the time that your JVM 
spends doing garbage collection while maximizing the number of clients 
that the Fusion Middleware stack can handle at a given time. 
• Best practice is to tune the time spent doing garbage collection to within 5% 
of execution time. 
• In production environments, set the minimum heap size and the maximum 
heap size to the same value to prevent wasting virtual machine resources 
used to constantly grow and shrink the heap. 
• Ensure that the sum of the maximum heap size of all the JVMs running on 
your system does not exceed the amount of available physical RAM in order 
to prevent the OS from paging. 
• Monitor low memory conditions by configuration in Administration Console 
(Configuration - Tuning). 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning Java Virtual Machine 
SOA Suite Recommendations 
• Use 64-bit JVM for 64-bit platforms 
• By the use of UseCompressedOops, a reduction of memory usage by 
something in the order of 10% can be expected. In Java SE 7, 
UseCompressedOops is the default for 64-bit JVM processes when Xmx isn't 
specified or is less than 32GB. 
• The recommended garbage collection setting for SOA/BPM is 
UseParallelOldGC which will cause the JVM to use the Parallel Scavenger 
collector in the young generation and the Parallel Old collector in the tenured 
generation. 
• If running ADF applications (human task user interfaces) on the same 
managed server as BPM is running on, use the concurrent garbage collector 
UseConcMarkSweepGC. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning JDBC Datasources 
Applications obtain database connections using an application server 
managed data source., which can be configured in WebLogic Server 
Console. 
• Connection Pools 
When configuring the data source, ensure that the connection pool has enough free 
connections. 
• Statement Caching 
Statement caching can eliminate potential performance impacts caused by repeated 
cursor creation and repeated statement parsing and creation. Statement caching also 
reduces the performance impact of communication between the application server and 
the database server. 
• Initial Capacity 
The initial capacity of physical database connections determines the number of 
connections to be opened when the server is started. For frequently used databases it 
is recommended to configure a higher value to avoid unnecessary open and close of 
connections. 
• Connection Testing 
Try to avoid unnecessary connection testing. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning Dehydration Store 
Hash Partitioning – Tables (SOA Suite) 
Consider using hash partitioning on your tables and indexes if your data does 
not easily lend itself to range partitioning, but you would like to partition for 
performance and manageability reasons. Hash partitioning provides a method of 
evenly distributing data across a specified number of partitions. Rows are 
mapped into partitions based on a hash value of the partitioning key. 
To improve performance, consider using hash partitioning on the following 
tables: 
Partitioned Table Name Partition Type Number 
AUDIT_COUNTER Hash partitioning of AC_PK index Not Applicable 
CUBE_INSTANCE Partitioned and Reverse key index Not Applicable 
2013 © Trivadis 
CI_CREATION_DATE 
CUBE_SCOPE Partition by hash (CIKEY) Partitions = 200 
MEDIATOR_CASE_INSTANCE Partition by hash (ID) Partitions = 200 
XML_DOCUMENT Partition by hash (document_id) Partitions = 200 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning Dehydration Store 
Hash Partitioning – Indexes (SOA Suite) 
Further, consider using hash partitioning on the following indexes: 
Hash Partitioned Indexes 
• COMPOSITE_INSTANCE_CREATED 
• BRDECISIONINSTANCE_INDX3 
• MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX2 
• MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX5 
• MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX6 
• MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX1 
• MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX3 
• MEDIATOR_CASE_INSTANCE_INDEX2 
• MEDIATOR_CASE_DETAIL_INDEX1 
• REFERENCE_INSTANCE_CO_ID 
• CI_NAME_REV_STATE 
• DOC_DLV_MSG_GUID_INDEX 
• STATE_TYPE_DATE 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning SOA Service Engines 
General Considerations 
• .Stop unnecessary Components 
Consider stopping if not used: 
• worklistapp 
• composer 
• b2bui 
• OracleAppsAdapter 
• OracleAq Adapter 
• MQSeriesAdapter 
• OracleBAMAdapter 
• . Disable DBMS job to refresh B2B Materialized View 
• If B2B is not being used, disable the DBMS job that refreshes the B2B materialized view. This job 
runs every minute by default. Look for 
dbms_refresh.refresh('DEV_SOAINFRA.B2B_SYSTEM_MV') in dba_jobs. 
• . Purge Repository Database regularly 
• Purge instances of SCA processes regularly using the date-based purge scripts or partitioning. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning SOA Service Engines 
SOA Infrastructure Settings 
2013 © Trivadis 
• Audit Level 
Level of message tracking infrastructure to be collected by the infrastructure . This information is 
collected in repository database. Should not be set to Development if not needed. 
• Logging Level 
The default logging level is NOTIFICATION. For production environments, consider using the 
lowest acceptable logging level, such as ERROR or WARNING whenever possible. 
• Property CompositeInstanceStateEnabled 
This option enables separate tracking of the running instances. All instances are captured as 
either running or not running and should not be enabled in production environments. 
• Property instanceTrackingAuditTrailThreshold 
This parameter is used to limit the audit trail size while it is being built. The default value is 1MB. 
This parameter can improve performance, as it prevents huge audit trails to potentially consume a 
lot or all the memory. 
• Property AuditKeyExtends (BPM) 
The default block size is 1000. If there are more than 200 instances created per minute, consider 
increasing the size of the block. 
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Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning SOA Service Engines 
BPEL / BPM Basic Tuning 
 Dispatcher Invoke Threads 
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The dspInvokeThreads property specifies the total number of threads allocated to process 
invocation dispatcher messages. Invocation dispatcher messages are generated for each payload 
received and are meant to instantiate a new instance 
 Dispatcher System Threads 
The dspSystemThreads property specifies the total number of threads allocated to process 
system dispatcher messages. System dispatcher messages are general clean-up tasks that are 
typically processed quickly by the server.. 
 Dispatcher Engine Threads 
The dspEngineThreads property specifies the total number of threads allocated to process engine 
dispatcher messages. Engine dispatcher messages are generated whenever an activity must be 
processed asynchronously. If the majority of processes deployed are durable with a large number of 
dehydration points (mid-process receive, onMessage, onAlarm, and wait activities), greater 
performance may be achieved by increasing the number of engine threads. 
Higher Settings will allow for more concurrency ( but will increase JVM heap 
utilization) 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning SOA Service Engines 
BPEL / BPM Basic Tuning – Database persistence property 
Value Description 
async.persist (Default) Delivery messages are persisted in the database. With this setting, 
The oneWayDeliveryPolicy applies to asynchronous processes only and can be 
defined by the developer in the composite or on global level. 
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reliability is obtained with some performance impact on the database. 
In some cases, overall system performance can be impacted. 
async.cache Incoming delivery messages are kept only in the in-memory cache. If 
performance is preferred over reliability, this setting should be 
considered. 
CAUTION: If you set the oneWayDeliveryPolicy 
property to async.cache and your system fails, you may lose 
messages. 
sync Directs Oracle BPEL Server to bypass the scheduling of 
messages in the invoke queue, and invokes the BPEL 
instance synchronously. In some cases this setting can improve 
database performance. 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning SOA Service Engines 
Mediator Basic Tuning 
• Metrics Level 
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This property controls DMS metrics tracking level. By default, DMS metrics collections is enabled. If 
you do not need to collect DMS metrics data, consider setting the metricsLevel to Disabled to 
improve performance. 
• Concurrency (parallel routing rules only) 
• DeferredWorkerThreadCount specifies the number of deferred dispatchers for processing 
messages in parallel. For higher loads consider increasing this parameter to have more number 
of outbound threads for deferred processing as each parallel rule is processed by one of the 
DeferredWorkerThreads. Default Value is 4 Threads. 
• When Mediator routing rule type is set to 'Parallel', DeferredMaxRowsRetrieved sets the 
number of maximum rows (maximum number of messages for parallel routing rule processing) 
that are retrieved from Mediator store table (which stores messages for parallel routing rule for 
processing.) Default Value is 200 rows. 
 Audit Level 
Configure only the minimum required audit level for the respective environment. 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Application Design Considerations 
SOA Applications (SOA Suite – BPEL/BPMN) *) 
• Process Complexity 
*) Source: Oracle , March 2013, Performance Tuning for Oracle Business Process Management Suite 11g 
2013 © Trivadis 
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As a general rule of thumb, it is not desirable to have a BPEL process with more than one hundred 
activities in it or a BPMN process with more than about fifty activities. 
 Consider breaking the process down into smaller sub-processes in order to control the amount of 
memory required to maintain state and variables. 
• Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Processes 
Synchronous processes should never have: 
• Mid-process breakpoint activities (e.g. receive, onMessage Alarm, Wait) 
• A non-idempotent (i.e. non-retriable) invoke 
• A non-blocking (i.e. parallel) invoke 
• Explicit dehydration, i.e. the checkpoint activity 
The presence of any of these in a synchronous process will cause the engine to treat the process 
the same way as an asynchronous process and dehydrate (and time-out can occur as well) 
While async processes will attract dehydration, they can easier be load-balanced across nodes in a 
cluster on the other hand. 
 Consider to disable audit instance tracking for sync processes if business requirements allow to 
do so. 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Application Design Considerations 
SOA Applications (SOA Suite – BPEL/BPMN) *) 
• Anti-pattern: Synchronous fault-handling 
*) Source: Oracle , March 2013, Performance Tuning for Oracle Business Process Management Suite 11g 
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Faults should always be handled asynchronously, if fault handling logic is rather complex, so that the 
resources that the engine is using to run the process can be released immediately.. 
 Consider adding an asynchronous point like a JMS queue between failing logic and fault 
handling. 
• Use of Loops 
Avoid extensive use of loops. Use of large loops (i.e. more then ten activities in them) tends to 
perform poorly with large number of instances or large variables. 
Use of large loops can require the engine too keep large data objects in the JVM heap and perform a 
large number of database transactions for dehydration of state and could lead to garbage collection 
bottlenecks. 
 Consider using de-batching strategies for handling large payloads and to control the number of 
records handled in a transaction. 
• Translate (XSLT) or Assign 
Always use assign activity for simple data transformation. The use of transformations should be 
reserved when large number of fields need to be transformed or more complicated logic needs to be 
assigned. 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Application Design Considerations 
SOA Applications (SOA Suite – BPEL/BPMN) *) 
• Avoid empty elements in the payload 
*) Source: Oracle , March 2013, Performance Tuning for Oracle Business Process Management Suite 11g 
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Passing empty elements can add a significant overhead both in terms of marshaling and in terms of 
processing and data transformation logic. 
• Complex Decisions 
If there is a need to make a complex decision, consider implementing the decision in the rules 
engine rather than modeling a set of if/then logic in the process itself. Execution of complex logic in 
the rules engine is much more efficient in terms of memory footprint, speed of execution and volume 
of audit data generated. 
• Avoid Marshaling overhead 
Consider co-locating components with other components will avoid network propagation delay and 
will also avoid marshaling and un-marshaling the data as the engine is able to recognize and 
optimize local calls. 
Creating direct bindings for components will allow the engine to avoid unnecessary marshaling. 
However, this may not necessarily improve overall performance and scalability. 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning OSB 
Operational Settings 
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• Monitoring 
45 
Enable Monitoring only if needed to reduce network traffic. 
• Tracing 
Turn-on Tracing only if needed in order to avoid printing the entire message context including 
headers and message body in the server logs. 
• Cache Tuning for Proxy Service run-time data 
OSB caches proxy service runtime meta-data using a two-level LRU cache with static and dynamic 
sections. The static section will never be garbage collected. The cache introduces a performance 
tradeoff between memory consumption and compilation cost. 
The number of proxy services in the static portion of the cache is 100 by default and can be tuned by 
setting the value in in the setDomainEnv.sh file as an extra java argument as follows: 
-Dcom.bea.wli.sb.pipeline.RouterRuntimeCache.size={size} 
Note that caching proxy services may help throughput but could impact memory usage. 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Application Design Considerations 
Oracle Service Bus *) 
• Using Context Variables 
*) Source: Oracle Fusion Middleware Performance and Tuning Guide 11g (E10108) 
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Avoid creating many OSB context variables that are used just once within another Xquery 
Context variables created using an Assign action are converted to XmlBeans and then reverted to 
the native XQuery format for the next XQuery 
 Multiple “Assign” actions can be collapsed into a single Assign action using a FLOWR expression. 
Intermediate values can be created using “let statements. 
• Transforming Context Variables 
Use a Replace action to complete the transformation in a single step. If the entire content of $body is 
to be replaced, leave the XPath field blank and select Replace node contents. This is faster than 
pointing to the child node of $body (e.g. $body/Order) and selecting Replace entire node. Leaving 
the XPath field blank eliminates an extra XQuery evaluation.. 
• Payload as Input to Transformation 
Use $body/*[1] to represent the contents of $body as an input to a Transformation (XQuery / 
XSLT) resource. OSB treats $body/*[1] as a special XPath that can be evaluated without invoking 
the XQuery engine. 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Application Design Considerations 
Oracle Service Bus *) 
• Enable Streaming for pure content-based routing scenarios 
*) Source: Oracle Fusion Middleware Performance and Tuning Guide 11g (E10108) 
2013 © Trivadis 
April 2013 
47 
Read-only scenarios such as Content-Based Routing can derive better performance from enabling 
streaming. OSB leverages the partial parsing capabilities of the XQuery engine when streaming is 
used in conjunction with indexed XPaths. Thus, the payload is parsed and processed only to the 
field referred to in the XPath. 
• Appropriate QoS Level 
Do not set XA or Exactly-Once unless the reliability level required is once and only once. 
OSB can invoke a back end HTTP service asynchronously if the QOS is Best-Effort. Asynchronous 
invocation allows OSB to scale better with long running back-end services. It also allows Publish 
over HTTP to be truly fire-and-forget. 
• XQuery Tuning 
• Avoid the use of double front slashes (“//”) in XPaths 
• Index XPaths where applicable 
• Extract frequently used XPaths of large documents and intermediary variables within a FLOWR 
expression 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Tuning 
Top Resources 
• Oracle® Database Performance Tuning Guide 11g 
2013 © Trivadis 
(B28274) 
• Oracle® Fusion Middleware Performance and Tuning for Oracle WebLogic 
11g 
(E13814) 
• Oracle® Fusion Middleware Performance and Tuning Guide 11g 
(E10108) 
• Performance Tuning for Oracle® Business Process Management Suite 11g 
April 2013 
48 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
Thank you. Trivadis AG 
BASEL BERN LAUSANNE ZÜRICH DÜSSELDORF FRANKFURT A.M. FREIBURG I.BR. HAMBURG MÜNCHEN STUTTGART WIEN 
2013 © Trivadis 
Matthias Furrer  Daniel Joray 
Europa-Strasse 5 
CH-8152 Glattbrugg 
www.trivadis.com 
April 2013 
49 
Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g

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Monitoring and Tuning Oracle FMW 11g

  • 1. Integration Architecture BASEL BERN LAUSANNE ZÜRICH DÜSSELDORF FRANKFURT A.M. FREIBURG I.BR. HAMBURG MÜNCHEN STUTTGART WIEN 2013 © Trivadis Monitoring and Tuning Oracle Fusion Middleware and SOA Suite 11g Matthias Furrer und Daniel Joray TechEvent April 2013 April 2013 1 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 2. Introduction • Matthias Furrer 2013 © Trivadis 2 Long-standing experience in SOA and ERP Area Architect, Consultant, Lead-Developer and Project Manager SOA Certified Professional Oracle SOA Blackbelt Consultant Trainer with Trivadis Oracle Middleware und SOA Reviewer of Technical Publications More than 20 years of software development experience Contact: matthias.furrer@trivadis.com Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g April 2013
  • 3. 2013 © Trivadis Agenda Part I: Monitoring Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g Manual Monitoring Automated Monitoring Part II: Tuning Oracle Fusion Middleware 11g SOA Suite Infrastructure SOA Suite Development OSB Infrastructure OSB Development 3 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g April 2013
  • 4. Manual Monitoring WebLogic Logging - Overview • Each WebLogic Server instance writes all messages from its subsystems and applications to a server log file that is located on the local host computer. The default location for server logs is DOMAIN_HOMEserversSERVER_NAMElogsSERVER_NAME.log • Each server instance forwards a subset of its messages to a domain-wide log file. By default, only messages with a severity level of NOTICE or higher are forwarded. The default location for domain logs is DOMAIN_HOMEserversADMIN_SERVER_NAMElogsDOMAIN_NAME.log • The Node Manager writes start-up and status messages to FMW_HOMEcommonnodemangernodemanager.log Detailed Information can be found in “Oracle® Configuring Log Files and Filtering Log Messages for Oracle WebLogic Server (E13739)”. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 4 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 5. Manual Monitoring WebLogic Logging – stdout and stderr • In addition to writing messages to a log file, each server instance prints a subset of its messages to standard out. If not redirected, standard out is the shell (command prompt) in which the server instance is running. • By default, a server instance prints only messages of a NOTICE severity level or higher to standard out • If Node Manager is used to start a Server, the messages that would otherwise be output to stdout or stderr when starting a Managed Server are instead displayed in the Administration Console and written to a single log file for that server instance, DOMAIN_HOMEserversSERVER_NAMElogsSERVER_NAME.out Log rotation cannot be set-up for the .out files, on UNIX systems operating system commands can be used for this. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 5 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 6. Manual Monitoring Fusion Middleware Logging - Overview • In addition to the WebLogic log files, Oracle Fusion Middleware components write diagnostic log files in the Oracle Diagnostic Logging (ODL) format. Log file naming and the format of the contents of log files conforms to an Oracle standard and, by default, the diagnostic messages are written in text format. • The default location for SOA Suite diagnostic logs is DOMAIN_NAMEserversSERVER_NAMElogsSERVER_NAME-diagnostic.log • You can view log files using Fusion Middleware Control or the WLST displayLogs command, or you can download log files to your local client and view them using another tool 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 6 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 7. Manual Monitoring Configuring FMW (Diagnostic) Log Files • You can configure the server log file Fusion Middleware Control under the SOA Infrastructure - Log Configuration Menu • Typically you adjust settings about file names, rotation, file retention here after initial installation 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 7 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 8. Manual Monitoring Configuring FMW (Diagnostic) Log Files – Log Levels • There are two types of loggers: Persistent loggers and Runtime loggers • Run-time loggers are loggers that are currently active. Changing the log level will not require a restart of the component. • Persistent loggers are loggers that are saved in a configuration file and log levels of these loggers are persistent across component restarts. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 8 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 9. Manual Monitoring Selective Tracing • The purpose of Selective Tracing is to allow for finer grained control of logging, thereby limiting the information logged to only that which is needed. • Selective Tracing allows for increasing the trace level in a domain for a specified subset of activity and for a specified duration in minutes. • Tracing sessions can be started and stopped from either Fusion Middleware Control or WLST. • Several of the Selective Tracing options are applicable to SOA and one, Composite Name, is specifically for SOA. • Selective Tracing is of particular benefit when trying to troubleshoot production issues and the overhead of logging needs to be kept to a minimum. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 9 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 10. Manual Monitoring Selective Tracing - Configuration • You can configure Selective Tracing from the WebLogic Domain Menu under Logs - Selective Tracing 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 10 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 11. Manual Monitoring Overview available Utilities Monitoring SOA Suite Infrastructure Many options are available to monitor SOA Suite Infrastructure, WebLogic resources and SOA Suite Components. Among these, there are : • WebLogic Administration Console • WebLogic Administration Console Monitoring Dashboard • Dynamic Monitoring Services - DMS Spy Servlet 2013 © Trivadis . April 2013 11 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 12. Monitoring Utilities WebLogic Administration Console Monitoring WebLogic Components and Resources Among others you can monitor the following in WebLogic Administration Console: • Administration and Managed Servers • Subsystem Health (Applications and Adapters) • JVM Performance • Thread Activity • Workload • Security • JMS (Java Message Service) • JDBC Datasources • JTA (Java Transaction API) 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 12 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 13. Monitoring Utilities Dynamic Monitoring Service (DMS) The Oracle Dynamic Monitoring Service (DMS) enables Oracle Fusion Middleware components to provide administration tools, such as Oracle Enterprise Manager, with data regarding the component's performance, state and on-going behaviour. Fusion Middleware Components push data to DMS and in turn DMS publishes that data through a range of different components.. • DMS Spy Servlet • WLDF • WLST • JConsole (MBeans) 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 13 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 14. Monitoring Utilities DMS Spy Servlet • The Monitoring Dashboard is available under the URL: http(s)://fmwhost:soaport/dms/Spy • You can also monitor your DMS collected metrics here 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 14 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 15. Monitoring Utilities Administration Console Monitoring Dashboard The Monitoring Dashboard provides views and tools for graphically presenting diagnostic data about servers and applications running on them. The underlying functionality for generating, retrieving, and persisting diagnostic data is provided by the WebLogic Diagnostics Framework. The Monitoring Dashboard provides additional tools for presenting that data in charts and graphs. • Built-In Views • Custom Views • Metrics Browser • Charts 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 15 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 16. Monitoring Utilities Monitoring Dashboard • The Monitoring Dashboard is available under the URL: http(s)://fmwhost:adminport/console/dashboard • You can create your own views using the metrics browser for your SOA 2013 © Trivadis Composites April 2013 16 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 17. Automated Monitoring Overview Automating Monitoring In order to automating monitoring of your infrastructure and SOA composites with agents or scripting, the options include : • WebLogic Diagnostics Framework (WLDF) • WebLogic ScriptingTool (WLST) • Java Admin Utility • SOA Management Packs • Oracle Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 17 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 18. Automated Monitoring WebLogic Diagnostic Framework (WLDF) The WebLogic Diagnostics Framework (WLDF) is a monitoring and diagnostic framework that defines and implements a set of services that run within WebLogic Server processes and participate in the standard server life cycle. • Monitoring Dashboard • Notifications • Metrics • SMTP, SNMP, JMX 2013 © Trivadis and JMS April 2013 18 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 19. Automated Monitoring and Alerting WLDF – Setting up Diagnostic Module • Automated Monitoring and Alerting 1. Creating a new Mail Session , which enables applications to access a pre-configured javax.mail.Session object through JNDI. The Mail Session can be used for the Notification. Other options include : SNMP, JMS 2. Creating a new Notification The Notification will be triggered by the Watch. 3. Use the Dashboard or the DMS Spy Servlet application to find the metrics and attributes that needs to be monitored 4. Creating a new Watch The Watch will use the defined DMS metrics to monitor system state in the Diagnostic Framework. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 19 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 20. Automated Monitoring and Alerting WLDF – Use Dashboards to find Metrics and Attributes • In order to find the relevant metrics and associated attributes, the easiest way is to review the available metrics in the interactive applications: http://host:admin_port/console/dashboard http://host:soa_port/dms/Spy • The following DMS metrics groups are good candidates to monitor runtime activity of SOA Suite composites: • soainfra_component • soainfra_mediator_flow • soainfra_JCABinding • soa_infra_bpel_requests • soa_infra_bpel_activity • The following DMS metrics groups are good candidates to monitor runtime activity of JVM: • JRockit (MBean) • weblogic.management.runtime.JRockitRuntimeMBean • JVM • JVM_GC • JVM_ThreadStats 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 20 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 21. Automated Monitoring WLST Use can use WLST commands to view information about a specific performance metric, a set of performance metrics, or all performance metrics for a particular server or component. • DMS Metric Commands • Server Status 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 21 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 22. Automated Monitoring Java Admin Utility The weblogic.Admin utility can access the Administration Server as well as all active server instances directly. If the Administration Server is down, you can still use the weblogic.Admin utility to retrieve runtime information from Managed Servers and invoke administrative commands. • Java Management Extensions (JMX) • Usable from command line or Java Class while(mbeanIterator.hasNext()) { serverRuntime = (ServerRuntimeMBean)mbeanIterator.next(); if(serverRuntime.getState().equals(ServerStates.RUNNING)){ serverRuntime.shutdown(); 2013 © Trivadis } April 2013 22 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 23. Automated Monitoring Java Admin Utility –Command Line While the Administration Console interacts only with the Administration Server, the weblogic.Admin utility can access the Administration Server as well as all active server instances directly.. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 23 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 24. Automated Monitoring SOA Management Packs The Oracle SOA Management Pack Enterprise Edition delivers comprehensive management capabilities for a Service-Oriented Architecture-based (SOA) environment. • Centralized Management Console • Infrastructure Management • Configuration Management • Deployment Automation • Adapter Metrics • Service Level Management • Business Transaction Management 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 24 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 25. Automated Monitoring SOA Management Packs • Based on Cloud Control / Grid Control platform • Not included in SOA Suite 2013 © Trivadis license • WebLogic Management Packs also available Source: Oracle Corp. April 2013 25 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 26. Automated Monitoring Oracle Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) The primary focus of Oracle Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) is to monitor Business Transactions. However, due to it’s alerting capabilities it can also be used to monitor composite instances. • Visualized dashboards of composite instances can be implemented • Alerting when abnormal situations occur • Deviation of expected results can be monitored • JCA BAM-Adapters can be used in BPEL, BPM and Oracle Service Bus • SOAP web service and JMS interface 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 26 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 27. Automated Monitoring Oracle Business Activity Monitoring • Integrated component of Oracle SOA Suite • Included in SOA Suite license 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 27 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 28. Tuning Top Performance Areas To maximize the performance capabilities of the applications, performance and scalability must be considered in environment configuration and build into the design. It is required to continuously monitor and track specific performance issues within the application to understand where tuning can improve performance 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 28 Source: Oracle Corp. Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 29. Configuration and Tuning Top Performance Areas – Environment To maximize Oracle Fusion Middleware performance, it is required to monitor, analyze, and tune all the components that are used by the applications. • Hardware Resources • Operating System • Java Virtual Machine • Repository Database • WebLogic Server • Database Connections and Datasource Configuration • Service Engine Configuration • Logging Levels 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 29 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 30. Configuration Environment and Deployment Architecture Considerations 2013 © Trivadis • Hardware • Sufficient resources. • Separate architectural components should be deployed into separate tiers – the web servers, application servers and database should be installed in different tiers, since they require different tuning. If the WebCenter portal and content management components are being used, they should also be installed on different machines • Clustering • If it is believed that there might be a need for a clustered. configuration eventually, consider deploying into a cluster from day one, even if it is a cluster with only one node in it. • Versions • Using the current software versions ensures avoidance of any issues that are already addressed by patches that Oracle has released for issues encountered by other customers. • Auditing and Logging • Use diagnostic logs only with caution and in development environments • Use Warning level and above in production environments • Be aware that Nodemanager stdout/stderr logs are not rotated April 2013 30 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 31. Configuration Environment and Deployment Architecture Considerations • .ADF Applications • Use dedicated managed servers for ADF Applications – such as Human Workflow and BPM Workspaces if used frequently. 2013 © Trivadis • SSL Usage • Be aware that SSL encryption is coming with a significant CPU overhead. • Consider using SSL termination by hardware load balancers and using encryption only in DMZ • Policy Store • The file-based policy store (system-jazn-data.xml) is not suitable for production environments.. • For production deployments Oracle highly recommended to use the database or OID for the policy store. • Development Environments • Admin Server-only domains should be used only in development environments. • Use Development Mode Domains only for development environments. Use Production Mode for all other domains • Consider tuning JVM heap settings for JDeveloper in ORACLE_HOME/jdeveloper/ide/bin/ide.conf April 2013 31 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 32. Tuning Java Virtual Machine Heap Size and Garbage Collection – Basic Recommendations The goal of tuning your heap size is to minimize the time that your JVM spends doing garbage collection while maximizing the number of clients that the Fusion Middleware stack can handle at a given time. • Best practice is to tune the time spent doing garbage collection to within 5% of execution time. • In production environments, set the minimum heap size and the maximum heap size to the same value to prevent wasting virtual machine resources used to constantly grow and shrink the heap. • Ensure that the sum of the maximum heap size of all the JVMs running on your system does not exceed the amount of available physical RAM in order to prevent the OS from paging. • Monitor low memory conditions by configuration in Administration Console (Configuration - Tuning). 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 32 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 33. Tuning Java Virtual Machine SOA Suite Recommendations • Use 64-bit JVM for 64-bit platforms • By the use of UseCompressedOops, a reduction of memory usage by something in the order of 10% can be expected. In Java SE 7, UseCompressedOops is the default for 64-bit JVM processes when Xmx isn't specified or is less than 32GB. • The recommended garbage collection setting for SOA/BPM is UseParallelOldGC which will cause the JVM to use the Parallel Scavenger collector in the young generation and the Parallel Old collector in the tenured generation. • If running ADF applications (human task user interfaces) on the same managed server as BPM is running on, use the concurrent garbage collector UseConcMarkSweepGC. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 33 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 34. Tuning JDBC Datasources Applications obtain database connections using an application server managed data source., which can be configured in WebLogic Server Console. • Connection Pools When configuring the data source, ensure that the connection pool has enough free connections. • Statement Caching Statement caching can eliminate potential performance impacts caused by repeated cursor creation and repeated statement parsing and creation. Statement caching also reduces the performance impact of communication between the application server and the database server. • Initial Capacity The initial capacity of physical database connections determines the number of connections to be opened when the server is started. For frequently used databases it is recommended to configure a higher value to avoid unnecessary open and close of connections. • Connection Testing Try to avoid unnecessary connection testing. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 34 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 35. Tuning Dehydration Store Hash Partitioning – Tables (SOA Suite) Consider using hash partitioning on your tables and indexes if your data does not easily lend itself to range partitioning, but you would like to partition for performance and manageability reasons. Hash partitioning provides a method of evenly distributing data across a specified number of partitions. Rows are mapped into partitions based on a hash value of the partitioning key. To improve performance, consider using hash partitioning on the following tables: Partitioned Table Name Partition Type Number AUDIT_COUNTER Hash partitioning of AC_PK index Not Applicable CUBE_INSTANCE Partitioned and Reverse key index Not Applicable 2013 © Trivadis CI_CREATION_DATE CUBE_SCOPE Partition by hash (CIKEY) Partitions = 200 MEDIATOR_CASE_INSTANCE Partition by hash (ID) Partitions = 200 XML_DOCUMENT Partition by hash (document_id) Partitions = 200 April 2013 35 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 36. Tuning Dehydration Store Hash Partitioning – Indexes (SOA Suite) Further, consider using hash partitioning on the following indexes: Hash Partitioned Indexes • COMPOSITE_INSTANCE_CREATED • BRDECISIONINSTANCE_INDX3 • MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX2 • MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX5 • MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX6 • MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX1 • MEDIATOR_INSTANCE_INDEX3 • MEDIATOR_CASE_INSTANCE_INDEX2 • MEDIATOR_CASE_DETAIL_INDEX1 • REFERENCE_INSTANCE_CO_ID • CI_NAME_REV_STATE • DOC_DLV_MSG_GUID_INDEX • STATE_TYPE_DATE 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 36 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 37. Tuning SOA Service Engines General Considerations • .Stop unnecessary Components Consider stopping if not used: • worklistapp • composer • b2bui • OracleAppsAdapter • OracleAq Adapter • MQSeriesAdapter • OracleBAMAdapter • . Disable DBMS job to refresh B2B Materialized View • If B2B is not being used, disable the DBMS job that refreshes the B2B materialized view. This job runs every minute by default. Look for dbms_refresh.refresh('DEV_SOAINFRA.B2B_SYSTEM_MV') in dba_jobs. • . Purge Repository Database regularly • Purge instances of SCA processes regularly using the date-based purge scripts or partitioning. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 37 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 38. Tuning SOA Service Engines SOA Infrastructure Settings 2013 © Trivadis • Audit Level Level of message tracking infrastructure to be collected by the infrastructure . This information is collected in repository database. Should not be set to Development if not needed. • Logging Level The default logging level is NOTIFICATION. For production environments, consider using the lowest acceptable logging level, such as ERROR or WARNING whenever possible. • Property CompositeInstanceStateEnabled This option enables separate tracking of the running instances. All instances are captured as either running or not running and should not be enabled in production environments. • Property instanceTrackingAuditTrailThreshold This parameter is used to limit the audit trail size while it is being built. The default value is 1MB. This parameter can improve performance, as it prevents huge audit trails to potentially consume a lot or all the memory. • Property AuditKeyExtends (BPM) The default block size is 1000. If there are more than 200 instances created per minute, consider increasing the size of the block. April 2013 38 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 39. Tuning SOA Service Engines BPEL / BPM Basic Tuning Dispatcher Invoke Threads 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 39 The dspInvokeThreads property specifies the total number of threads allocated to process invocation dispatcher messages. Invocation dispatcher messages are generated for each payload received and are meant to instantiate a new instance Dispatcher System Threads The dspSystemThreads property specifies the total number of threads allocated to process system dispatcher messages. System dispatcher messages are general clean-up tasks that are typically processed quickly by the server.. Dispatcher Engine Threads The dspEngineThreads property specifies the total number of threads allocated to process engine dispatcher messages. Engine dispatcher messages are generated whenever an activity must be processed asynchronously. If the majority of processes deployed are durable with a large number of dehydration points (mid-process receive, onMessage, onAlarm, and wait activities), greater performance may be achieved by increasing the number of engine threads. Higher Settings will allow for more concurrency ( but will increase JVM heap utilization) Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 40. Tuning SOA Service Engines BPEL / BPM Basic Tuning – Database persistence property Value Description async.persist (Default) Delivery messages are persisted in the database. With this setting, The oneWayDeliveryPolicy applies to asynchronous processes only and can be defined by the developer in the composite or on global level. 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 40 reliability is obtained with some performance impact on the database. In some cases, overall system performance can be impacted. async.cache Incoming delivery messages are kept only in the in-memory cache. If performance is preferred over reliability, this setting should be considered. CAUTION: If you set the oneWayDeliveryPolicy property to async.cache and your system fails, you may lose messages. sync Directs Oracle BPEL Server to bypass the scheduling of messages in the invoke queue, and invokes the BPEL instance synchronously. In some cases this setting can improve database performance. Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 41. Tuning SOA Service Engines Mediator Basic Tuning • Metrics Level 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 41 This property controls DMS metrics tracking level. By default, DMS metrics collections is enabled. If you do not need to collect DMS metrics data, consider setting the metricsLevel to Disabled to improve performance. • Concurrency (parallel routing rules only) • DeferredWorkerThreadCount specifies the number of deferred dispatchers for processing messages in parallel. For higher loads consider increasing this parameter to have more number of outbound threads for deferred processing as each parallel rule is processed by one of the DeferredWorkerThreads. Default Value is 4 Threads. • When Mediator routing rule type is set to 'Parallel', DeferredMaxRowsRetrieved sets the number of maximum rows (maximum number of messages for parallel routing rule processing) that are retrieved from Mediator store table (which stores messages for parallel routing rule for processing.) Default Value is 200 rows. Audit Level Configure only the minimum required audit level for the respective environment. Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 42. Application Design Considerations SOA Applications (SOA Suite – BPEL/BPMN) *) • Process Complexity *) Source: Oracle , March 2013, Performance Tuning for Oracle Business Process Management Suite 11g 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 42 As a general rule of thumb, it is not desirable to have a BPEL process with more than one hundred activities in it or a BPMN process with more than about fifty activities. Consider breaking the process down into smaller sub-processes in order to control the amount of memory required to maintain state and variables. • Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Processes Synchronous processes should never have: • Mid-process breakpoint activities (e.g. receive, onMessage Alarm, Wait) • A non-idempotent (i.e. non-retriable) invoke • A non-blocking (i.e. parallel) invoke • Explicit dehydration, i.e. the checkpoint activity The presence of any of these in a synchronous process will cause the engine to treat the process the same way as an asynchronous process and dehydrate (and time-out can occur as well) While async processes will attract dehydration, they can easier be load-balanced across nodes in a cluster on the other hand. Consider to disable audit instance tracking for sync processes if business requirements allow to do so. Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 43. Application Design Considerations SOA Applications (SOA Suite – BPEL/BPMN) *) • Anti-pattern: Synchronous fault-handling *) Source: Oracle , March 2013, Performance Tuning for Oracle Business Process Management Suite 11g 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 43 Faults should always be handled asynchronously, if fault handling logic is rather complex, so that the resources that the engine is using to run the process can be released immediately.. Consider adding an asynchronous point like a JMS queue between failing logic and fault handling. • Use of Loops Avoid extensive use of loops. Use of large loops (i.e. more then ten activities in them) tends to perform poorly with large number of instances or large variables. Use of large loops can require the engine too keep large data objects in the JVM heap and perform a large number of database transactions for dehydration of state and could lead to garbage collection bottlenecks. Consider using de-batching strategies for handling large payloads and to control the number of records handled in a transaction. • Translate (XSLT) or Assign Always use assign activity for simple data transformation. The use of transformations should be reserved when large number of fields need to be transformed or more complicated logic needs to be assigned. Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 44. Application Design Considerations SOA Applications (SOA Suite – BPEL/BPMN) *) • Avoid empty elements in the payload *) Source: Oracle , March 2013, Performance Tuning for Oracle Business Process Management Suite 11g 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 44 Passing empty elements can add a significant overhead both in terms of marshaling and in terms of processing and data transformation logic. • Complex Decisions If there is a need to make a complex decision, consider implementing the decision in the rules engine rather than modeling a set of if/then logic in the process itself. Execution of complex logic in the rules engine is much more efficient in terms of memory footprint, speed of execution and volume of audit data generated. • Avoid Marshaling overhead Consider co-locating components with other components will avoid network propagation delay and will also avoid marshaling and un-marshaling the data as the engine is able to recognize and optimize local calls. Creating direct bindings for components will allow the engine to avoid unnecessary marshaling. However, this may not necessarily improve overall performance and scalability. Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 45. Tuning OSB Operational Settings 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 • Monitoring 45 Enable Monitoring only if needed to reduce network traffic. • Tracing Turn-on Tracing only if needed in order to avoid printing the entire message context including headers and message body in the server logs. • Cache Tuning for Proxy Service run-time data OSB caches proxy service runtime meta-data using a two-level LRU cache with static and dynamic sections. The static section will never be garbage collected. The cache introduces a performance tradeoff between memory consumption and compilation cost. The number of proxy services in the static portion of the cache is 100 by default and can be tuned by setting the value in in the setDomainEnv.sh file as an extra java argument as follows: -Dcom.bea.wli.sb.pipeline.RouterRuntimeCache.size={size} Note that caching proxy services may help throughput but could impact memory usage. Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 46. Application Design Considerations Oracle Service Bus *) • Using Context Variables *) Source: Oracle Fusion Middleware Performance and Tuning Guide 11g (E10108) 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 46 Avoid creating many OSB context variables that are used just once within another Xquery Context variables created using an Assign action are converted to XmlBeans and then reverted to the native XQuery format for the next XQuery Multiple “Assign” actions can be collapsed into a single Assign action using a FLOWR expression. Intermediate values can be created using “let statements. • Transforming Context Variables Use a Replace action to complete the transformation in a single step. If the entire content of $body is to be replaced, leave the XPath field blank and select Replace node contents. This is faster than pointing to the child node of $body (e.g. $body/Order) and selecting Replace entire node. Leaving the XPath field blank eliminates an extra XQuery evaluation.. • Payload as Input to Transformation Use $body/*[1] to represent the contents of $body as an input to a Transformation (XQuery / XSLT) resource. OSB treats $body/*[1] as a special XPath that can be evaluated without invoking the XQuery engine. Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 47. Application Design Considerations Oracle Service Bus *) • Enable Streaming for pure content-based routing scenarios *) Source: Oracle Fusion Middleware Performance and Tuning Guide 11g (E10108) 2013 © Trivadis April 2013 47 Read-only scenarios such as Content-Based Routing can derive better performance from enabling streaming. OSB leverages the partial parsing capabilities of the XQuery engine when streaming is used in conjunction with indexed XPaths. Thus, the payload is parsed and processed only to the field referred to in the XPath. • Appropriate QoS Level Do not set XA or Exactly-Once unless the reliability level required is once and only once. OSB can invoke a back end HTTP service asynchronously if the QOS is Best-Effort. Asynchronous invocation allows OSB to scale better with long running back-end services. It also allows Publish over HTTP to be truly fire-and-forget. • XQuery Tuning • Avoid the use of double front slashes (“//”) in XPaths • Index XPaths where applicable • Extract frequently used XPaths of large documents and intermediary variables within a FLOWR expression Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 48. Tuning Top Resources • Oracle® Database Performance Tuning Guide 11g 2013 © Trivadis (B28274) • Oracle® Fusion Middleware Performance and Tuning for Oracle WebLogic 11g (E13814) • Oracle® Fusion Middleware Performance and Tuning Guide 11g (E10108) • Performance Tuning for Oracle® Business Process Management Suite 11g April 2013 48 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g
  • 49. Thank you. Trivadis AG BASEL BERN LAUSANNE ZÜRICH DÜSSELDORF FRANKFURT A.M. FREIBURG I.BR. HAMBURG MÜNCHEN STUTTGART WIEN 2013 © Trivadis Matthias Furrer Daniel Joray Europa-Strasse 5 CH-8152 Glattbrugg www.trivadis.com April 2013 49 Monitoring and Tuning Fusion Middleware 11g