In line with generally accepted theories of evolution, Dinosaur extinction is currently believed to be due to climate change due to various causes. However this is not correct, being inconsistent with known facts. There are only two possibilities. Either Dinosaurs evolved to their extinction or evolved to some other phyletic lines or species with which ancestor – descendent relationship can’t be presently demonstrated. Author: Dr Mahesh C. Jain is a practicing medical doctor and has written the book “Encounter of Science with Philosophy – A synthetic view”. The book begins with first chapter devoted to scientifically valid concept of God and then explains cosmic phenomena right from origin of nature and universe up to origin of life and evolution of man. The book includes several chapters devoted to auxiliary concepts and social sciences as corollaries to the concept of God. This is the only book which deals with origin of nature and universe from null or Zero or nothing. Chapter 30 of the book is about Evolution of Life wherein author has worked out a new theory about evolution of life. Visit:http:// www.sciencengod.com http://www.sciencengod.com/clipboard.htm

1. Can Climate Change Account For Dinosaur Extinction?
Summary: In line with generally accepted theories of evolution, Dinosaur
extinction is currently believed to be due to climate change due to various causes.
However this is not correct, being inconsistent with known facts. There are only
two possibilities. Either Dinosaurs evolved to their extinction or evolved to some
other phyletic lines or species with which ancestor – descendent relationship can’t
be presently demonstrated.
Both, Darwinism and Lamarckism support the currently held belief that pan-global
mass extinction of Dinosaurs was due to environmental change towards the end
of Cretaceous era about 65.5 million years back. But the view about specific
climatic change accounting for mass extinction of Dinosaurs has been changing
from time to time. The earliest view was that ice age caused mass extinction of
Dinosaurs. This view was followed by Asteroid attack on earth. Subsequently a
volcanic eruption in India was believed to be the cause of pan-global mass
extinction of Dinosaurs that materialized over a period of about one million years.
A later view emerged that egg shell thinning led to Dinosaur extinction. The latest
view is that Methane gas emission by Dinosaurs led to global warming. A view has
been advanced that this global warming is to account for mass extinction of
Dinosaurs (www.foxnews.com/.../dinosaurs-farted-their-way-to-extinction...)
. So we have moved full circle from ice age to global warming.
Dinosaur extinction was accompanied by extinction of Ammonites (Mollusks),
Mesosaurs, Plesiosaurs, and many Mammalian groups. No theory of relationship
has been advanced to explain this association of facts. No theory has been
advanced to explain as to why not the entire global flora and fauna became
extinct due to alleged climate change but only selected groups of animals. There
is evidence that birds survived extinction events affecting Dinosaurs. Flowering
plants were making their early appearance at the time of Dinosaur extinction.
Dinosaurs first appeared about 230 million years back and were dominant life
forms on earth from 200 million years BC (Jurassic era) to 65.5 million years BC
(end of Cretaceous). Therefore Dinosaurs had been dominant life forms on earth
for 135 million years from beginning of Jurassic era to end of Cretaceous.

2. Dinosaurs had been present on each and every continent and occupied all
habitats. 500 genera and 1000 species of Non-avian Dinosaurs are known as
extant species on the basis of fossil remains. Non-avian Dinosaurs ranged in size
from present day birds (e.g. Pigeon) to the size of Sauropods i.e. 60 meters in
length and several stories high. Anchiomis is the smallest known Dinosaur with
skeletal length of 35 cm and weight of 110 gms.
Dinosaurs shared several traits with birds such as egg laying, nest building and
inhabiting all available habitats.
The following excerpt from Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaur)
shows that Dinosaur extinction was not a sudden event lasting only a few hours,
days or years. Rather it was spread over a period of at least one million years.
Possible Paleocene survivors
Main article: Paleocene dinosaurs
Non-avian dinosaur remains are occasionally found above the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. In 2001,
paleontologists Zielinski and Budahn reported the discovery of a single hadrosaur leg-bone fossil in the
San Juan Basin, New Mexico, and described it as evidence of Paleocene dinosaurs. The formation in
which the bone was discovered has been dated to the early Paleocene epoch, approximately 64.5 million
years ago. If the bone was not re-deposited into that stratum by weathering action, it would provide
evidence that some dinosaur populations may have survived at least a half million years into the
[135]
Cenozoic Era. Other evidence includes the finding of dinosaur remains in the Hell Creek Formation up
to 1.3 meters (51 in) above (40000 years later than) the Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary. Similar reports
[136]
have come from other parts of the world, including China. Many scientists, however, dismissed the
supposed Paleocene dinosaurs as re-worked, that is, washed out of their original locations and then re-
[137][138]
buried in much later sediments. However, direct dating of the bones themselves has supported the
[139]
later date, with U–Pb dating methods resulting in a precise age of 64.8 ± 0.9 million years ago. If
correct, the presence of a handful of dinosaurs in the early Paleocene would not change the underlying
[137]
facts of the extinction.
Any climate change causing pan-global mass extinction of Dinosaurs along with a
few other animal groups namely, Ammonites, Mesosaurs, Plesiosaurs and a few
Mammalian groups over a period of one million years should have, rationally
speaking, resulted in near extinction of the entire flora and fauna on earth. But to
the contrary there is evidence that birds survived extinction event. Flowering
plants (Angiosperms) made their early appearance during this period.

3. There are known other mass extinction events affecting other groups of
organisms, for example planktonic forms Globigerinidae suffered mass extinction
at the end of Eocene only to reappear later (Cifelli 1969: Radiation of Cenozoic
foraminifera, System. Zool., 18, 154 – 168).
Similarly Lazarus taxons are well known which suffered extinction at some point
in time only to reappear later. One such taxon is Coelocanthus fish which
reappeared in 1938 after extinction for nearly 65 million years (Wikipedia: search
Lazarus taxons) .
From the above account, it is self-evident that no theory explaining mass
extinction of Dinosaurs due to climate change of any kind can ever be consistent
with known facts.
Therefore, only two possibilities remain, either Dinosaurs suffered pan-global
mass extinction as biologically timed out group of organisms or they evolved into
some other group of organisms with which no ancestor – descendent relationship
can be established, presently. Regarding the former possibility, Gryphaea
mollusks are known to have evolved to their extinction.
The later possibility can’t be dismissed outrightly because saltatory evolution is
known to occur. This has led to Punctuated Equilibrium Hypothesis of Eldredge
and Gould ( Eldredge N. and Gould S.J. 1972, ‘Punctuated Equilibrium an
Alternative to Phyletic Gradualism’, in Schopf T.J.M.(ed.), Models in Paleobiology,
Freeman , Cooper, San Francisco).
Darwin in 1859 in his book Origin of Species by Means of Natural selection page
298 observed:-
That the periods during which species have been undergoing modification
though very long as measured by years, have probably been short in
comparison with the periods during which these species remained without
undergoing any change
Summing up, pan-global mass extinction of Dinosaurs could not have been due to
climatic change. It was essentially not the question of struggle for survival and

4. survival of the fittest or imperfect forms struggling to perfect themselves.
Therefore neither Darwinism nor Lamarckism can explain Dinosaur extinction.
There are only two possibilities. Dinosaurs either evolved to other phyletic lines or
organisms, with which no ancestor – descendent relationship can be presently
demonstrated or Dinosaurs evolved to their extinction, alternative speaking were
biologically timed out. What really happened is a matter of further investigations.
Author: Dr Mahesh C. Jain is a practicing medical doctor and has written the
book “Encounter of Science with Philosophy – A synthetic view”. The book begins
with first chapter devoted to scientifically valid concept of God and then explains
cosmic phenomena right from origin of nature and universe up to origin of life
and evolution of man. The book includes several chapters devoted to auxiliary
concepts and social sciences as corollaries to the concept of God. This is the only
book which deals with origin of nature and universe from null or Zero or nothing.
Chapter 30 of the book is about Evolution of Life wherein author has worked out
a new theory about evolution of life.
Visit:http:// www.sciencengod.com
http://www.sciencengod.com/clipboard.htm