This PPT is for General Information of World Heritage sites in India till 2019

1. Presented by

2. Introduction
 Heritage means Art, Buildings, Traditions and Beliefs that a society
considers important to its history and culture.
 Heritage is our legacy from the past, what we live with today, and what we
pass on to future generations. Our cultural and natural heritage are both
irreplaceable sources of life and inspiration.
 World Heritage sites belong to all the peoples of the world, irrespective of
the territory on which they are located.
 These Sites have been officially recognized by a specialized agency of the
United Nations, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) based on their natural, cultural, historical, and
scientific importance.
 UNESCO- UNESCO is a specialized agency of the UN, whose objective is
to contribute to peace and security by promoting international
collaboration through educational, scientific, and cultural reforms.

3. Introduction
 The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO) seeks to encourage the identification,
protection and preservation of cultural and natural heritage around
the world considered to be of outstanding value to humanity. This
is embodied in an international treaty called the Convention
concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural
Heritage, adopted by UNESCO in 1972.
 The World Heritage Committee meets once a year, and consists of
representatives from 21 of the States Parties to the Convention
elected by their General Assembly. At its first session in 1977 Paris,
the Committee adopted its Rules of Procedure of the World
Heritage Committee.

4. Criteria for World Heritage Sites
Selection criteria
(i)
to represent a masterpiece of human creative genius;
(ii)
to exhibit an important interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a
cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental
arts, town-planning or landscape design;
(iii)
to bear a unique or at least exceptional testimony to a cultural tradition or to a civilization
which is living or which has disappeared;
(iv)
to be an outstanding example of a type of building, architectural or technological
ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history;
(v)
to be an outstanding example of a traditional human settlement, land-use, or sea-use
which is representative of a culture (or cultures), or human interaction with the
environment especially when it has become vulnerable under the impact of irreversible
change;

5. Criteria for World Heritage Sites
(vi)
to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or
with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal significance.
(The Committee considers that this criterion should preferably be used in
conjunction with other criteria);
(vii)
to contain superlative natural phenomena or areas of exceptional natural beauty and
aesthetic importance;
(viii)
to be outstanding examples representing major stages of earth's history, including
the record of life, significant on-going geological processes in the development of
landforms, or significant geomorphic or physiographic features;
(ix)
to be outstanding examples representing significant on-going ecological and
biological processes in the evolution and development of terrestrial, fresh water,
coastal and marine ecosystems and communities of plants and animals;
(x)
to contain the most important and significant natural habitats for in-situ
conservation of biological diversity, including those containing threatened species
of outstanding universal value from the point of view of science or conservation.

6. World Heritage Sites in India

7. World Heritage Sites in India
 There are 38 World Heritage Sites in India. These include 30 cultural sites, seven natural
sites and one mixed site. India has the sixth largest number of sites in the world.
Cultural Sites
1) Agra Fort (1983)
2) Ajanta Caves (1983)
3) Ellora Caves (1983)
4) Taj Mahal (1983)
5) Group of Monuments at Mahabalipuram (1984)
6) Sun Temple, Konark (1984)
7) Fatehpur Sikri (1986)
8) Churches and Convents of Goa (1986)
9) Group of Monuments at Hampi (1986)
10) Khajuraho Group of Monuments (1986)
11) Great Living Chola Temples (1987,2004)
12) Group of Monuments at Pattadakal (1987)
13) Elephanta Caves (1987)
14) Buddhist Monuments at Sanchi (1989)

8. World Heritage Sites in India
1) Humanyun’s Tomb Delhi (1993)
2) Qutbminar and its Monuments, Delhi (1993)
3) Mountain Railways of India (1999,2005,2008)
4) Mahabodhi Temple Complex at Bodh Gaya (2002)
5) Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka (2003)
6) Champaner Pavagadh Archeological Park (2004)
7) Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus (2004)
8) Red Fort Complex (2007)
9) The Janatar Mantar, Jaipur (2010)
10) Hill Forts of Rajasthan (2013)
11) Rani ki Vav at Patan, Gujrat (2014)
12) The Architectural work of Le Corbusier, an Outstanding contribution to
the modern Movement Chandigarh (2016)
13) Archeological sites of Nalanda Mahavira at Nalanda, Bihar (2016)
14) Historic City of Ahmedabad (2017)
15) Victorian Gothic and art Deco Ensembles of Mumbai (2018)
16) Jaipur City, Rajasthan (2019)

9. World Heritage Sites in India
Natural Sites (07)
1) Kaziranga National Park (1985)
2) Keoladeo National Park (1985)
3) Manas Wildlife Sanctury (1985)
4) Sundarbans National Park (1987)
5) Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers Natioanl Parks (1988,2005)
6) Western Ghats (2012)
7) Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (2014)
Mixed Sites (01)
1) Khangchendzonga National Park (2016)

10. Ellora Caves
 Ellora is one of the largest rock cut monastery temple caves
on the earth. The sites reveals monuments and artworks of
Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism from 600 to 1000 A.D. Period,
specially during Rashtakuta Dynasty. Ellora caves locally
called as Verul Leni were always known to the people. The
excavated caves at Ellora represent Buddhist, Hindu and Jain
faith. They are hewn out of the basaltic rock of the Deccan
trap, and are datable from circa 6th century A.D. to 11th
century A.D. In all 34 caves were excavated here out of which
12 Caves (1 to 120)are Buddhist; 17 Caves (13 to 29) are Hindu
and 05 Caves (30 to 34) are Jain.
 https://whc.unesco.org/archive/periodicreporting/apa/cycle01/section2/243-
summary.pdf
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellora_Caves

11. Ellora Caves

12. Khajuraho Temples
 The Khajuraho Group of Monuments is a group of Hindu
temples and jain temples in Chhatarpur Dist. Madhya Pradesh, about 175
kilometers southeast of Jhansi . The temples are famous for their Nagara-
style architectural symbolism and their erotic sculptures. Most Khajuraho
temples were built between 950 and 1050 by the Chandela dynasty.
Historical records note that the Khajuraho temple site had 85 temples by
the 12th century, spread over 20 square kilometers. Of these, only about 25
temples have survived, spread over six square kilometers. Of the surviving
temples, the Kandariya Mahadeva temple is decorated with a profusion of
sculptures with intricate details, symbolism and expressiveness of ancient
Indian art. The Khajuraho group of temples were built together but were
dedicated to two religions, Hinduism & Jainism, suggesting a tradition of
acceptance and respect for diverse religious views among Hindus and Jain
in the region.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khajuraho_Group_of_Monuments
 http://www.mptourism.com/tourist-places/khajuraho-temples-and-
points-of-interest.html
 https://www.khajuraho-india.org/khajuraho-history.html

13. Khajuraho Temples

14. Hampi
 Hampi, the capital of Vijayanagara Empire, is known to be one of those
places in India for its archaeological significance. Temples with ancient
Vijayanagara Empire history a vastly powerful Hindu empire, engraved in
the walls, mountains with mesmerizing sunrise and sunset views, ruins of
palaces, the famous huge Stone Chariot that stands magnificent in front of
the Vittala Temple Site, the 14ft high statue of Lord Ganesha known as
Kadalekalu Ganesha are some of the must-visit places in and around
Hampi. Hampi is the perfect combination of a backpacker’s paradise,
surrounded by the three hills Anjaneya, Malyavanta and Matanga hills, and
a calm pilgrim location. Archaeological museum is home to many antiques,
great sculptures and the proof to the history of this tourist attraction.
Situated approximately 60kms away from Ballari district, every inch of this
place has stories of its rich cultural heritage back in the ancient days.
 https://www.karnatakatourism.org/tour-item/hampi/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampi
 https://www.incredibleindia.org/content/incredibleindia/en/destinations/
hampi.html
 https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/241/

15. Hampi

16. Elephanta Caves
 The Island Of Elephanta, Originally Known As Gharapuri, Derives Its Name From A
Massive Stone Image Of Elephant Now Displayed In The “Veermata Jijabai Bhosale
Garden” (Victoria Garden) In Mumbai. The caves contain sculptures dedicated to
Lord Shiva and Buddha. These rock-cut sculptures are estimated to be carved
between 5th to 8th centuries and the identity of builders is still disputed. In 1987
UNESCO recognized the place as a World Heritage Site and said that - “the caves
represent a masterpiece of human creative genius” and “bear a testimony to a
cultural tradition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared.”
 The Cave Complex Of Elephanta Comprises Total 7 Caves Of Them Five Are In The
Lower Western Side While 2 Are At The Eastern Top Of The Hillock. Out Of 5 Caves
At The Lower Side The Cave No.1 Is Exclusively Carved With Various Manifestation
Of Lord Shiva. It Consists Of A Pillared Hall With A Small Shrine And Four
Entrance Doors Flanked By The Guardians. While The Massive But Graceful Figures
Of Divinities, Guardians, And Certain Architectural Features Such As The Square
Pillar With Cushion Capitals Suggest Chalukyan Influence. The Depiction Of
Mountains And Clouds And The Hairstyles Of Woman Are Reminiscent Of Gupta
Art.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephanta_Caves
 https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/244/
 http://dsource.in/sites/default/files/resource/elephanta-
caves/downloads/file/elephanta-caves.pdf
 https://whc.unesco.org/archive/periodicreporting/apa/cycle01/section2/244-
summary.pdf

17. Elephanta Caves

18. Important sites to Visit
 http://nmma.nic.in/nmma/indexAction.do
 https://gandhi.gov.in/
 https://www.gandhiheritageportal.org/
 http://www.indiaculture.nic.in/
 http://asimustsee.nic.in/
 https://knowindia.gov.in