classification of fiber

1. FIBER AND YARN SCIENCE
UNIT – 1, TOPIC - 2
DATE : 13/10/2020
R.MALATHY
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
DEPARTMENT OF FASHION DESIGNING
SRM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE

2. LECTURE
ON
CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTILE FIBERS

3. CLASSIFICATION OF FIBRES
 The history of
Traces of natural fibers have been located to ancient
civilizations all over the globe.
 For many thousand years, the usage of fiber was limited by
natural fibers such as flax, cotton, silk, wool and plant fibres
for different applications.
 Fibers can be divided into natural fibres and man-made or
chemical fibres.
 Flax is considered to be the oldest and the most used natural
fibre since ancient times.

4. CLASSIFICATION OF FIBRES
 Natural Fibers
 Vegetable Fibres
 Animal Fibres
 Mineral fibers
Man Made fibers
Regenerated fibres
Synthetic fibres
Inorganic fibres
Inorganic fibres

5. CON
 Classification of fibers can be done by:
 Type(Natural and manufactured)
 Length(Short staple, long staple, continuous filament)
 Size(Ultra fine, fine, regular, course)

6. CLASSIFICATION OF FIBRES

7. NATURAL FIBRE
 Any hair like raw material directly obtainable from an
animal, vegetable or mineral source that can be
convertible after spinning into yarns and then into
fabric.
 Under them there are various categories:
Plant
Animal
minerals

8. VEGETABLE FIBERS
They can be further on classified as:
 fibre occurring on the seed(raw cotton, java cotton)
 phloem fiber (flax, ramie ,hemp, jute)
 tendon fibre from stem or leaves (manila hemp, sisal hemp etc)
 fibre occurring around the trunk (hemp palm)
 fibre of fruit/ nut shells(coconut fibre – Coir) cotton and linen
are the most important among them.

9. CONT…..
 Bast fibres
 Low Lignin content – Linen or Flax (raw and bleached)
and Ramie
 High Lignin content – Jute, Hemp