Hazards and Safety Management

1. FIRE PREVENTION
AND PROTECTION
Submitted to
Dr. G. Sivakamasundari, M. Pharm., Ph. D.,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Pharmacy,
Annamalai University.
Presented by,
Manikandan V,
2061050002,
M. Pharm (Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance),
Department of Pharmacy,
Annamalai University.

2. FIRE PREVENTION PLAN
• While the hope is that a fire never happens, OSHA requires
employers to have a fire prevention plan in place. The purpose
of a fire prevention plan is to prevent a fire from occurring in a
workplace.
• The plan helps ensure the safety of workers and property.
• An employer must inform employees upon initial assignment to
a job of the fire hazards to which they are exposed. An employer
must also review with each employee those parts of the fire
prevention plan necessary for self-protection.
• If an employer has 10 or fewer employees, they may
communicate the plan orally to employees.

3. FIRE PREVENTION PLAN
• A plan describes all the major fire hazards at the workplace that
could initiate or contribute to the spread of a fire.
• A Plan includes,
 Proper handling, storage, and control procedures
 Building systems and equipment in place to control ignitions
or fires
 Who is responsible controlling hazards and maintaining
control systems
 Training required for all employees who have
responsibilities in the plan

4. FIRE HAZARDS
• It is important for you to follow day-by-day practices to avoid and
control fire hazards. This includes,
 Clean up spills of flammable or combustible liquids promptly.
 Dispose of combustible scrap, debris and waste materials
safely in covered metal receptacles. Remove the waste from
the worksite promptly.
 Practice safe storage requirements for flammable and
combustible liquids and hazardous materials.
 Do not smoke near flammable or combustible liquids.
 If you smoke, before you throw away butts and ashes, make
sure they are out.

5. FIRE HAZARDS
• Do not create situations that could create problems should a fire
occur follows,
 Do not obstruct fire doors and shutters.
 Do not block or obstruct the path to a fire extinguisher.
 Never prop open emergency doors. Fire doors keep fire from
spreading.
 Keep a proper clearance available below fire sprinkler heads
at all times.
 Be wise about the use of electrical cords. Be certain you are
not creating a tripping hazard by making sure they are not
running across doorways or walkways.

6. FIRE PROTECTION
• No employee will be permitted to use an extinguisher without
having been fully trained.
• Fire extinguishers will be stored at a distance no greater than 10
feet from torch users.
• A fire extinguisher, rated not less than 10B, will be provided
within 50 feet of the location where more than 5 gallons of
flammable or combustible liquids or 5 pounds of a flammable
gas are used on a job site.
• A fire watch will be posted for two hours after work has
concluded for torch-applied roof systems.

7. HANDLING FLAMMABLE GASES
• LPG cylinders will be placed on a firm foundation and secured in
an upright position.
• All LPG cylinders will be equipped with valve-protection
devices.
• LPG cylinders will not be stored closer than 10 feet to the kettle.
• LPG cylinders will be placed away from vehicular traffic.
• LPG cylinders will not be stored inside buildings.
• Acetylene bottles will be stored in the upright position and
secured.

8. ELECTRICITY PASSIVATION
• If too many devices are plugged into a circuit, the current will
heat the wires to a very high temperature, which may cause a fire.
• If the wire insulation melts, arcing may occur and cause a fire in
the area where the overload exists, even inside a wall.

9. PREVENTION
• Ways of protecting workers and preventing electrical
hazards are,
Insulation
Grounding
Electrical protective devices (GFCI)
Safe work practices

10. INSULATION
• Check insulation prior to using cables,
tools, or equipment.
• Remove from service any tools or
equipment with damaged insulation.

11. GROUNDING
• Grounding creates a low-resistance path from a tool to the earth
to disperse unwanted current.
• When a short or lightning occurs, energy flows to the ground,
protecting you from electrical shock, injury and death.

12. ELECTRICAL PROTECTIVE DEVICES
• Limit or stop flow of current automatically in the event of
ground fault, over load or short circuit
• Fuses
• Circuit breakers
• Ground fault interrupters
• Arc fault interrupters

13. SAFE WORK PRACTICES
• Enclosing electrical equipment
• Conspicuous signs
• Danger caution
• De energizing electrical equipment before inspection & repair
• Use appropriate protective equipment
• Keeping electrical tools properly maintained

14. REFERENCES
• M. Kobes, I. Helsloot, B. deVries, J. G. Post (2010). Building
safety and human behaviour in fire: a literature review. Fire Safety
Journal.
• Fitzgerald, R.W. (2004). Building Fire Performance Analysis.
• Chow W.K. (2001). Review on fire safety management and
application to Hong Kong. International Journal on Engineering.
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307832240 Appraisal of
Fire Safety Management Systems at Educational Buildings.

15. THANK YOU