Counter Guerrilla Warfare

1. COUNTER GUERRILLA WARFARE

3. “ THIS IS ANOTHER TYPE OF WAR NEW IN ITS INTENSITY, ANCIENT IN ITS ORIGINS – WAR BY GUERRILLAS, SUBVERSIVES, INSURGENTS, ASSASSINS; WAR BY AMBUSH INSTEAD OF COMBAT; BY INFILTRATION INSTEAD OF AGGRESSION…..

4. .....SEEKING VICTORY BY ERODING AND EXHAUSTING THE ENEMY INSTEAD OF ENGAGING HIM…IT REQUIRES IN THOSE SITUATIONS WHERE WE MUST COUNTER IT…A WHOLE NEW KIND OF STRATEGY, A WHOLLY DIFFERENT KIND OF FORCE, AND THEREFORE…..

5. … ..A NEW AND WHOLLY DIFFERENT KIND OF MILITARY TRAINING”. JOHN F KENNEDY, 1962

6. SEQUENCE * INTRODUCTION * INSURGENCY

7. SEQUENCE * COUNTER- - INSURGENCY * COUNTER GUERRILLA- -OPERATIONS

8. INTRODUCTION

9. SINCE WORLD WAR II, OVER 190 CONFLICTS WORLD-WIDE 8 MILLION TROOPS KILLED 1,20,000 KILLED IN SRI LANKA

10. DEFINITION INSURGENCY TERRORISM LOW-INTENSITY OPERATIONS PROXY WAR LIBERATION WAR GUERRILLA WAR

11. “ A POLITICO-MILITARY CONFRONTATION BETWEEN AN ESTABLISHED AUTHORITY (STATE) AND GROUP (S) OF PEOPLE, WITH OR WITHOUT EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE, BELOW CONVENTIONAL WAR BUT …………….

12. ……… .ABOVE THE ROUTINE PEACEFUL CONTESTS OR COMPETITION WITH A VIEW TO ACHIEVE THEIR ENDS. IT IS WAGED BY A NUMBER OF MEANS EMPLOYING POLITICAL, ECONOMIC, SOCIAL, CULTURAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, INFORMATIONAL, AND MILITARY INSTITUTIONS”

13. TECHNIQUES & TACTICS APPLIED SUCCESSFULLY IN ONE OPERATION MAY NOT BE SUITABLE IF APPLIED IN THE SAME MANNER IN ANOTHER SITUATION TECHNOLOGICAL AND INFORMATIONAL ADVANCES HAVE GIVEN NEW DIMENSION TO THIS KIND OF WAR

14. MASS SOCIAL UNREST, CRIMINALIZATION OF POLITICS, DIVISIVE TENDENCIES IN OUR SOCIETY AND INFILTRATION OF FOREIGN TRAINED NATIVE OR ALIEN AGENTS WILL BRING ABOUT INSTABILITY, MAKING FERTILE GROUND FOR SUCH CONFLICTS

15. ULTIMATE SOLUTION TO SUCH CONFLICTS HAS TO BE AN ECONOMIC, SOCIAL & POLITICAL ONE, WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF NATIONAL INTEGRITY, SOVERIGNITY & EXISTING POLITICAL SYSTEM

16. CONTAINMENT RATIO - 19 SOLDIERS TO 01 ENEMY BREAKTHROUGH RATIO - 30 SOLDIERS TO 01 ENEMY

17. SPECTRUM OF CONFLICT HIGH INTENSITY MID INTENSITY LOW INTENSITY

18. SPECTRUM OF CONFLICT HIGH INTENSITY NUCLEAR HOSTILITIES

19. SPECTRUM OF CONFLICT MID INTENSITY MAJOR CONVENTIONAL HOSTILITIES

20. SPECTRUM OF CONFLICT LOW INTENSITY MINOR HOSTILITIES GUERRILLA WAR INSURGENCY

21. SPECTRUM OF CONFLICT LOW INTENSITY REVOLUTIONARY WAR CIVIL WAR PROXY WAR

22. INSURGENCY

23. “ AN ARMED REBELLION BY A SECTION OF POPULATION AGAINST THE LEGALLY CONSTITUTED GOVERNMENT, WITH THE SUPPORT OR SYMPATHY OF THE LOCAL POPULATION, OBTAINED VOLUNTARILY OR BY COERCION”

24. IT COVERS THE FULL SPECTRUM OF CONFLICT FROM SUBVERSION TO FULL SCALE GUERRILLA WAR, INCLUDING THE EMERGENCE OF GUERRILLA BANDS INTO REGIONAL UNITS

25. PRE-REQUISITES VULNERABLE POPULATION LEADERSHIP AVAILABLE FOR DIRECTION

26. PRE-REQUISITES LACK OF GOVERNMENT CONTROL

27. OTHER CONDITIONS POPULAR SUPPORT UNITY OF EFFORT WILL TO RESIST

28. OTHER CONDITIONS LEADERSHIP DISCIPLINE INTELLIGENCE

29. OTHER CONDITIONS PROPAGANDA FAVOURABLE ENVIRONMENT EXTERNAL SUPPORT

30. ORGANIZATION COMMAND MILITARY POLITICAL OVERT COVERT OVERT

31. PHASES OF DEVELOPMENT LATENT & INCIPIENT INSURGENCY GUERRILLA WARFARE WAR OF MOVEMENT

35. COUNTER INSURGENCY

36. COUNTER-INSURGENCY “ ALL MEASURES OF GOVERNMENT ACTIVITIES TO COMBAT INSURGENCY INCLUDING OPERATIONS BY THE MILITARY, CIVIL, POLICE, AS WELL AS ECONOMIC, POLITICAL, ADMINISTRATIVE REFORMS AIMED AT WINNING OVER THE PEOPLE”

37. TARGET GROUPS POPULATION INSURGENTS EXTERNAL ACTORS

38. RULES OF ENGAGEMENT BE APPROPRIATE BE JUSTIFIABLE USE MINIMUM FORCE DO MAXIMUM BENEFIT DO MINIMUM DAMAGE

39. MILITARY ROLE INTELLIGENCE PSYCHOLOGICAL OPS CIVIC ACTION

40. MILITARY ROLE POPULACE AND RESOURCE CONTROL ADVISORY ASSISTANCE TACTICAL OPERATIONS

41. COUNTER GUERRILLA OPERATIONS

42. “ COUNTER GUERRILLA OPERATIONS ARE DIRECTED AT THE ACTIVE MILITARY ELEMENT OF THE INSURGENT MOVEMENT. TO THIS END, COUNTER GUERRILLA OPS ARE VIEWED AS A SUPPORTING COMPONENT OF THE COUNTER INSURGENCY EFFORT”

43. CHALLENGES TO THE MILITARY THE BATTLE FIELD LEADERSHIP READINESS TRAINING

44. THE THREAT

45. AIMS & GOALS -SUPPORT OVERALL AIM OF THE INSURGENT MOVEMENT -GAIN SUPPORT FOR THE INSURGENT MOVEMENT -INCREASE POPULATION’S VULNERABILITIES

46. AIMS & GOALS -LESSEN GOVERNMENT CONTROL -PROVIDE PSYCHOLOGICAL VICTORIES -TIE UP GOVERNMENT RESOURCES

47. AIMS & GOALS -WEAKEN THE RESOLVE OF FORCES

48. FACTORS AFFECTING GUERRILLAS TERRAIN CLIMATE POLITICAL FACTOR SOCIOLOGICAL FACTOR ECONOMIC FACTOR

49. CHARACTERISTICS OF A GUERRILLA

50. GUERRILLA STRENGTHS INTELLIGENCE INDIGENOUS CHARACTER KNOWLEDGE MOTIVATION & DISCIPLINE

51. GUERRILLA STRENGTHS LIMITED RESPONSIBILITIES TACTICS PHYSICAL CONDITION

52. GUERRILLA WEAKNESSES LIMITED PERSONNEL & RESOURCES INDIVIDUAL FACTORS OPERATIONAL FACTORS

53. TACTICS TERRORISM HARASSMENT SUICIDAL OPS INFANTRY OPS

54. TACTICAL COUNTER GUERRILLA OPERATIONS

55. “ TO REDUCE THE GUERRILLA THREAT OR ACTIVITY IN THE AREA, AND TO PROVIDE A FAVOURABLE ENVIRONMENT FOR THE GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM”

56. “ WHEN THE GUERRILLA THREAT IS REDUCED, DEVELOPMENT CAN BEGIN, AND WHEN DEVELOPMENT WORKS, THE CAUSES OF DISSATISFACTION WHICH GAVE RISE TO THE INSURGENCY ARE ALLEVIATED”

57. “ THIS DEPRIVES THE GUERRILLA OF BOTH POPULAR SUPPORT AND A REASON FOR FIGHTING – WHICH HE NEEDS TO SURVIVE”

58. SEQUENCE OF DEPLOYMENT IDENTIFY TAOR GAIN INTELLIGENCE OPERATIONS SUPPORT BASE FORWARD OPERATIONS BASE / GROUP HQ

59. SEQUENCE OF DEPLOYMENT WING - OPERATIONAL AREA / WING HQ SQN - SPECIFIC AREA / SQN COMD POST FLT - SPECIFIC MISSIONS / FLT CP TAC HQ

60. TACTICAL OPERATIONS STRIKE OPS CONSOLIDATION OPS