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Movement in the classroom 2010
- 1. Lets Move, Lets Learn Maria Perez MS,OTR/L
- 2. “Children can learn almost anything if they are dancing, tasting, touching, hearing, seeing and feeling information”
- 3. Brain Quiz True or False? • Rote memorization is brain-antagonistic. • The use of videos and lectures are anti-brain-based. • Environments determine 40% of learner success. • Most learners use only 5-10% of their brain. • Emotion and intelligence are separate brain functions. • The adult brain cannot grow brand new cells. • Someone who can get the correct answer quickly is an intelligent learner. • Teaching more content per hour, per day, per week, per year is best. • Increased synapses formed in the brain lead to increased intelligence. • Teachers should start class with new content within the first 5 minutes.
- 4. Overview • Brain/Body Connection • Research • Rational Brain/Body Connection • Factors that Inhibit Learning • Examples • Brain Gym
- 5. Brain/Body Connection • From birth to the age of 10 is when there is the most dendrite growth • Neocortex of the brain (gray matter has unlimited ability to form new dendrites) and to increase myelination
- 6. Brain/Body Connection • Corpus callosum • acts as a superhighway allowing quick access to both sides of the brain • the more that both hemispheres are activated by use, the more myelinated dendrite connections are formed and extend across the corpus callosum • the more myelination, the faster the processing between both hemispheres and the rest of the brain
- 7. Body/Brain Connection Cerebellum • is the first sensory system to mature • contains over half of all the brains neurons • feeds information to the cortex • it is the last place information is processed before it is sent to the cortex • more neurons leave the cerebellum and communicate to other parts of the brain • contains pathways to parts of the brain for memory, attention and spatial perception Basal ganglion • connects fine motor and gross motor movement, it is a major gateway to higher cortical reasoning
- 8. Body/Brain Connection Exercise • Strengthens the basal ganglia, cerebellum and corpus callosum connections • Fuels the brain with oxygen • Feeds the brain neurotrophins (high nutrient food) which enhances growth and connections between neurons • Increase triggers of the release of BDNF which enables one neuron to communicate with another • Any movement (talking, writing, chewing, knitting) anchors your thinking
- 9. Energize • “Imagination is more important than knowledge for while knowledge points to all there is , imagination points to all there will be” Einstein
- 10. Research • 80 studies suggest a strong link between the cerebellum and memory, language attention and decision making. • Jenson,2000 movement experiences (implicit) utilize procedural pathways and it is these pathways that produce the strongest learning • Hannaford,1995 (sensory motor integration is fundamental to school readiness) • Hillman,2009 (physical activity may strengthen children's ability to pay attention and increase reading comprehension) • Winter et al, 2007 (regular exercise breaks during the school day can be a means of raising academic standards)
- 11. Rational Brain/ Body Connection • Movement increases blood flow to the brain • Releases important hormonal neurotransmitters • Creates same brain activity used to develop reading and math • Decrease excess spillage of cortisol into the bloodstream created due to stress • Facilitates the flow of newly learned information to the proper storage areas in the brain • Eases information retrieval and output • Movement (implicit learning-hands on learning) increases memory pathways
- 12. Rational Brain/Body Connection • Same parts of the brain that processes movement processes learning • There is no single movement center in the brain • Movement patterns allow children to access areas of the brain where information has been stored • Facilitates the flow of information to frontal lobe • Movement coupled with teaching allows children to interpret, store and recall information • Better able to express oneself through output of ideas, creativity and problem solving
- 13. Factors that Inhibit Learning • Stress-emotional state of the student • Perceived threats • Poor Body integration • Information has been blocked from going from the back of the brain to the front • Child cannot retrieve information learned
- 14. Energize Examples • “In order to learn and remember something, there must be a sensory input, a personal emotional connection and movement.”
- 15. Brain Gym • Pace • Water • Lazy Eights • Brain buttons • Thinking cap • Cross crawl • Elephant • Hook Ups
- 16. Brain buttons • One hand over navel- action that alerts brain to wake up for sensory input • Other hand rubs first and second ribs a the collar bone- stimulates blood flow through carotid arteries and brings extra water and oxygenated blood to the brain
- 17. Cross crawl • Touch one elbow or hand to the opposite knee • Move slowly- activates the frontal lobe • Involves moment that crosses the midline allowing full use of both hemispheres simultaneously
- 18. Hook Ups • Sitting cross legs • Arms together • Tongue on roof of mouth
- 19. Lazy Eights • Make sure intersection of the symbol is positioned at the midline of the child’s body • Begin at the intersection and move counter clock wise • Cross the midline • Now move clockwise
- 20. Thinking cap • Gently unroll your ears edges a few times from top to bottom
- 21. Elephant • Place left ear onto left shoulder • Keep left arm outstretched • Bend knees and more with the flow while completing lazy eights slowly • Repeat 5-7 times • Switch to the right side • Repeat 5-7 times
- 22. Questions
Notas del editor
- An interesting outcome of doing this research on the connection between learning and movement was that all the strategies that you implement each day such as pair and share, having the students journaling (reflection), 15 -20 minutes of small group activity and moving from center to center are all evidence based research on the best way to teach (enabling students to learn and retain content). So you are already doing so much right Today I want to share how important newest research on increasing academics, which includes incorporating movement throughout your school day Basically we will look at the link between learning and movement
- Dumping BOX- toss any negative feelings in My own reservations and the desire to find out the truth for myself Conflicting research regarding the benefits of Brain Gym particular So I began to do the research from a broad spectrum of avenues Found that the research did quantify the validity of Brain Gym, specially the cross pattering movements I also found that the way I studied all through Grad school was through body movements and the research explained why it worked. ( I copied my notes and by the fourth or fifth time I had memorize the content and understood it as well. Question can you share some of your study methods while you were in school?
- All of the answers are false I retrieved this on Jensen’s Brain site and we will look into some of the correct answers Things that help you remember and learn Visualization Memorization, memory exercises, memory games Fluid intelligence which is seen as a good predictor of professional and academic achievement can be improved by rehearsing working memory exercises Reflection- after you learn something, reflect , tell someone what you learned Motivation- fun increase emotional response-games Aerobic exercise Brain can only concentrate for 15-20 minutes before it needs a break More intelligent people work their brains harder initially then coast later on Mental breaks up to 20 minutes day increase productivity 5-10 minute breaks every 90 minutes
- Quick over view of parts of the brain Cerebellum Corpus callosum Brainstem Midbrain Cortex Various lobes
- The myelination process is completed through the repeated use of the neuron The brain produces hormones, is bathed in them and is run by them
- This typically happens during infancy and toddler hood ( tactile touch from the parent, crawling, bouncing, swinging, rolling) 1 st 48 months critical to brain development Crawl time early stimulation on reading, writing and attention skills
- Side note rats who had cerebellum damage did worse on maze testing Novel movements engages the prefrontal cortex and rear frontal lobes of he brain Vestibular movement activates the (RAS) which helps regulates sensory data coming in and helps us keep our balance, also helps, turn thinking into actions and coordinates movements. Vestibular movement important for vision and hearing Simple movements are controlled at the sub cortical level and novel movements have non memories to rely on for execution so they engage the prefrontal cortex of the brain used for problem solving, planning and learning new things Walking versus learning a new dance step
- Something as simple as pointing, matching, stretching, role plays, skits, counting, challenging problem solving activities By exercising studies show that you have quicker reaction, think better and remember more BDNF enhances neural communication elevates mood assist in long term memory formation The greater the number of links and associations that your brain creates , the more neural territories involved and the more firmly the information is woven in neurologically
- My, have you changed You and me Butterfly
- Using Hands on greatly increases learning, more pathways are activated, building more complex nerve networks It does not matter to the brain whether it ever comes up with the answer, because of the neural growth happens through the process not the solution
- High levels of stress increase cortisol, which in turn decreases the size of the hippocampus which is part of the memory and emotion processing center of the brain Emotional state of the student impacts the students ability to learn Experiences generate emotions, Positive thinking engages the left frontal lobe and triggers pleasurable chemicals like dopamine Raps and mantras such as I Know I can Body Integration Most neural pathways are developed through stimulation and experience gained from interaction with the environment Activation of the whole mind-body system Studies suggest that children who have not mastered the coordination of their arms and legs in movement patterns, have poor work habits and poor organizational skills in the classroom Development of the brain and the nervous system starts with the large muscle movements (walking, running, throwing ect. And continues to the small muscle movements of writing, reading, speaking You must be able to coordinate the information flow between the back and front parts of the brain When the front lobes of the cerebral cortex are in balance with the back brain, you get comprehension and maturity
- 26- everyone stands up and writes their name with their elbow, their middle name with their other elbow, and their last name with their foot Sky stretchers Circulation booster Mind openers Apple picking What’s in a Name
- Some of these movements are based on Eastern Traditions and Meridian lines , (acupuncture) Water Brain is 99% water Essential for learning Increase polarity across all cellular membranes Energy boost and aid for concentration and coordination of physical tasks Conducts oxygenated blood to the brain Improves concentration -2% loss can result short term memory loss Dehydration can interfere with the rapid movement of information through the brain and back to the body
- Benefits Dehydration Awakens the brain for reasoning and focused thinking during tests Allows for clearer thinking when your brain has that fuzzy feeling
- VARIATIONS Big arms movement Benefits Produces more nerve pathways across the corpus callosum Makes communication between the 2 hemispheres faster Useful for spelling, listening and reading comprehension Stimulates the production of dopamine in the frontal lobe Stimulates the limbic area so we are able to control our emotions Helps students think and do at the same time
- Benefits Connects emotions in the limbic system with reason in the frontal lobes( learning and responding more effectively Relaxation –to quiet and refocus students after changes like recess or lunch Deep breathing at the same time and have added the (owl) which activates the brain for speech and thinking ability Positive points ( eyes)
- Repeat 5-7 times First with one hand then with the next, then both in the air Dominant hand on top Always following the movements with the eyes BENEFITS Enhances decoding and reading comprehension Helps brain correctly interpret 2 dimensional symbols Increase peripheral vision, which may be decreased due to stress in a child life This imbalance contributes to reading disabilities Helps students who get stuck and can not get started on a project Reading and writing warm up Develops eye teaming and tracking Develops eye hand coordination for writing Variations Place chair in the center and have students walk the pattern Lazy eight with one hand while the you extend the opposite leg Lazy eight butterfly- I found that when student performed this activity they presented with a greater ability to cross the midline e.g. forming the letter c
- Stimulates nerve endings and acupressure points Relieves word finding problems Enhances retrieval of technical information Improves listening Great to do before spelling test or verbal presentation Very strong link between hearing and the temporal lobe and memory centers
- It looks silly and if you see me do it do think that there is something wrong with me Very stimulating because it activates all areas of the mind and body system (RAS) (RAS) Reticular activating system controls attention
- 2 recesses 30 minutes a day