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Hospital-Acquired Infections: Diagnostic Markets and Testing
Developments, Treatments, Key Competitors and Trends
July 1, 2011
A hospital-acquired infection (HAI)is a new infection that develops in a patient during
hospitalization. It is usually defined as an infection that is identified at least forty-eight to
seventy-two hours following admission, so infections incubating, but not clinically
apparent, at admission are excluded. This type of infection is also known as a
nosocomial infection (or more generically healthcare-associated infections).
The following market data is provided in this report:
Market for HAI Diagnostics
Forecast for HAI Diagnostics to 2015
HAI Tests on the Market
Market for Diagnostics by Infection Type (C. Diff., MRSA, Pneumonia,
Other)
Molecular HAI Market vs. Conventional HAI Market, Present and in 2015
Geographic Breakdown of Testing (U.S., Europe, Asia, ROW)
New Hospital Infection Product Testing Products in the Market
Company Profiles
Treatment Products on the Market, HAI Antibiotic market Size and Forecast
Both diagnostics and treatment segments have unique circumstances for growth which
are discussed in detail in the report. Worldwide, both segments combined are worth
more than $9 billion for 2010 with 2015 sales expected to reach $10.3 billion. The
market has shown an increase of 3% annually with sales increasing from $7.9 billion in
2005. Although the treatment segment will continue to struggle to maintain growth, the
testing segment will offset declines beginning in 2012.
This report primarily focuses on bacterial nosocomial infections with some mention of
viral infections. The major consideration is given to bacterial nosocomial infections
because a) they are the most frequent type of infections spread in the hospital setting,
and b) the practical aspects of diagnosis and therapy are more meaningful based both
on medical considerations and on market considerations.

2. Some of the issues discussed in this report include:
Development of Potential Life-Saving Products
Development of Fast Testing Systems
Growing Drug Resistance
Development of Better Pharmacodiagnostics
Market Opportunity and Growth Rates Expected in Diagnostics versus
Treatment
Hospital Procedures for Use of Testing and Antibiotics
Attention to Special Population Issues
Demographics and Epidemiology
New Government Guidelines and Requirements for Preventing Infection
Focus on Alliances and Partnerships
Market analysis in this report considers primarily the epidemiological considerations and
the size of patient groups both in the United States and globally, where available. We
have accumulated the most recent data available, understanding that virtually no
organization does extensive studies on these applications on a regular basis. Many
studies are highly localized and may only apply to a community, state or country (more
often countries that are not a part of the major markets for nosocomial diagnostic and
therapeutic products). In many instances, we have had to draw from broader
epidemiologic data, that is, on data that reach outside of the hospital environment in
order to try and construct a picture of the nosocomial testing and treatment needs.
The primary focus of this report is on the bacterial form of nosocomial infections, and
those with significant impact on the hospital setting and markets. In looking at these
infections, we consider the diagnostic and therapeutic technologies that are currently
available and attempt to project trends in these product areas. To some extent, we are
limited by the activity of the industries associated with the diagnosis and treatment of
these infections. For the most part, these activities are limited and the advanced
technologies seen in other areas of medical application are not necessarily present in
terms of microbiology.
The analysis presented in this report is based on data from a combination of company,
government, industry, institutional and private sources. It includes information from
extensive literature reviews and discussions with experts in the field, including
microbiologists, pathologists, hospital authorities, research scientists, business
development managers and marketing managers.
Companies profiled in this report are:
Abbott Laboratories
AdvanDX
Alere
AstraZeneca
Bayer Schering Pharma

3. Becton Dickinson
Cepheid
Cubist
Daiichi Sankyo
Gen-Probe
GlaxoSmithKline
Johnson & Johnson
Merck & Co.
Meridien
Pfizer
Roche
Seegene
Additional Information
New York, July 14, 2011-- When a Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) is suspected,
hospitals need results quickly, which is good news for innovative diagnostic test makers,
notes healthcare market research firm Kalorama Information. In its recent report,
Hospital-Acquired Infections: Diagnostic Markets and Testing Developments,
Treatments, Key Competitors and Trends, Kalorama predicts the combined world
market for testing and treatment products for HAI will reach $10.3 billion in 2015, up
from $9 billion in 2010, with higher growth experienced in the testing segment.
Kalorama's report finds nosocomial infections are an inherent part of any healthcare
system and have a 5% infection rate of the 40 million hospital visits a year, causing
100,000 deaths in the U.S. annually. In an effort to decrease the rate of fatality,
hospitals are shifting focus towards rapid discovery and treatment of nosocomial
infections, driving sales of testing products.
"The growth opportunities are in testing," said Bruce Carlson, publisher of Kalorama
Information. "The treatment market is slowing down, with a little growth in the future,
which will be dominated by established pharmaceutical companies."
Specific nosocomial infections that are candidates for testing innovation, include
Pneumonia, which comprises nearly 20% of all HAIs with 300,000 cases annually and
has an associated mortality rate of 30-70%, as well as MRSA, which accounts for nearly
20,000 deaths a year. According to Kalorama, 20-30% of these infections are
preventable through intensive hygiene and control programs and the remaining 70-80%
through more involved measures, such as hospital architecture and air sanitation and
the use of disposable equipment and supplies.

4. "Everyone is interested in faster tests and immediate results," added Carlson. "Although
the rate of infection won't change, quicker turnover will improve patient outcome and
drive down mortality rates."
Kalorama Information's report, Hospital-Acquired Infections: Diagnostic Markets
and Testing Developments, Treatments, Key Competitors and Trends, reveals the
world market for HAI diagnostic and treatment markets, providing segmented market
data for molecular and conventional testing. It also covers the development of new
testing systems and products and provides an analysis on growing drug resistance.
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Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Overview

5. Infection Control Summary
Scope and Methodology
Total Size and Growth of the Market
Issues and Trends Affecting Market
Molecular Testing vs. Conventional Testing
Leading Competitors
CHAPTER TWO: INTRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY TRENDS
Overview
Introduction to Pathogens
Classification of Antibacterial Organisms
Common Hospital (nosocomial) Infections
Description of Infections
Acinetobacter Baumannii
Clostridium Difficile
Gastroenteritis
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia (HAP)
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Staphylococcus Aureus/Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia
Tuberculosis
Urinary Tract Infections
Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus
Hospital Units and Infection Risks
Burn Units
Intensive Care Units
Emergency Departments
Principles of Anti-bacterial Therapy
Infecting Organism
Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing
Site of Infection
Host Defenses and Organ Function
Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics
Monitoring Therapy
General Infection Statistics
Nosocomial Infection Statistics
Populations at Risk for Infection
Demographics of the World
Infections and Drug Resistance
Causes of Drug Resistance
Antibiotic Abuse
Antibiotic Use in Agriculture
Drug Resistance in Select Populations
Children

6. The Elderly
Compromised Individuals
Measures for Reducing Resistance
Antibiotic Cycling
Antibiotic Education
Screening Hospitalized patients
The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
Financial Impact of Hospital Infections
State Level Case Study of HAI Admissions and Readmissions
Manufacturer and Marketer Trends
Trends in Partnerships and Alliances
Developers Trends
CHAPTER THREE: HOSPITAL INFECTION DIAGNOSTICS
Overview
Methods of Transmission
Airborne
Contact
Direct-Contact Transmission
Indirect-Contact Transmission
Droplet
Vehicle
Prevention Measures
Testing
Drug-Resistance/Susceptibility Testing
Genotypic Methods
DNA Sequencing
Solid-phase Hybridization Techniques
Microarrays
Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction Techniques
Phenotypic Methods
Phage-based Assays
Colorimetric Methods
The Nitrate Reductase Assay
Nosocomial Disease Testing
Acinetobacter Baumannii
Clostridium Difficile
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia

7. Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Staphylococcus Aureus
Tuberculosis
Urinary Tract Infections
New Developments
Market Overview
Total Market Size and Forecast
HAI Testing by Infection Type
Hospital Infection Testing Market by Geographical Region
Molecular Testing vs. Conventional Testing.
Market and Forecast for Molecular HAI
Competitors in HAI Testing
CHAPTER FOUR: TREATING HOSPITAL INFECTIONS
Overview
Treatment Guidelines
Clostridium Difficile
Gastroenteritis
Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia
Ventilator-associated Pneumonia
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Staphylococcus Aureus
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
Tuberculosis
Urinary Tract Infections
Recent Drug Approvals
Market Overview
CHAPTER FIVE: MARKET SUMMARY
Market Considerations
Market Overview
Regional Breakdown of Market
Competitive Summary
CHAPTER SIX: COMPANY PROFILES
Introduction
Abbott Laboratories
AdvanDx, Inc.
Alere
AstraZeneca
Bayer Healthcare Pharmaceuticals (Bayer Schering Pharma) v Becton, Dickinson

8. Cepheid
Cubist Pharmaceuticals
Daiichi Sankyo
Diatherix Laboratories Inc.
Gen-Probe Inc.
GlaxoSmithKline
Johnson & Johnson
Merck & Co.
Meridian Bioscience, Inc.
Pfizer
Roche
Seegene, Inc.
APPENDIX: LIST OF MAJOR PROVIDERS
LIST OF EXHIBITS
CHAPTER ONE: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Table 1-2: The Global Market for Hospital Infections by Product Segment (Diagnostics, Treatment),
2005-2015
Figure 1-1: The Global Market for Hospital Infections 2005-2015
Figure 1-2: Growth Rate - HAI Diagnostic Market vs. HAI Treatment Market
Table 1-3: MRSA Risk and Testing Priority
CHAPTER TWO: INTRODUCTION AND INDUSTRY TRENDS
Table 2-1: Antibiotics with Difficult Penetration
Table 2-2: Common Nosocomial Infections
Table 2-3: Risk Factors for M. tuberculosis
Table 2-4: Common ICU Infections
Table 2-5: Estimated World and U.S. Incidence of Bacterial Infections
Figure 2-1: Estimated World and U.S. Incidence of Bacterial Infections
Figure 2-2: U.S. Hospital Admissions, Percent Acquiring HAIs
Table 2-6: World Population at Risk for Serious Bacterial Infections, Secondary to Chronic Diseases by
Selected Geographical Region (World, U.S., Europe), 2010
Figure 2-3: World Population at Risk for Serious Bacterial Infections, Secondary to Chronic Diseases by
Selected Geographical Region, 2010
Table 2-4: Estimated World Population by Age and Geographical Region, 2010
Figure 2-4: Estimated World Population by Age and Geographical Region, 2010
Table 2-5: Pennsylvania State Analysis of HAI Readmissions and Related Costs, 2009
Table 2-6: Pennsylvania State Analysis of HAIs, 2009
CHAPTER THREE: HOSPITAL INFECTION DIAGNOSTICS
Table 3-1: CDC Healthcare Setting Guidelines

9. Table 3-2: MRSA Risk and Testing Priority
Table 3-3: Recent Approvals for Hospital Infection Testing (Product, Company, Description of Test,
Approved Regions)
Table 3-4: New Developments, Hospital Infection Testing (Developer, Description, Status, Indication)
Table 3-5: The World Market for Hospital Infection Testing/Diagnostics 2005-2015 (Revenues, Percent
Change)
Figure 3-1: The World Market for Hospital Infection Testing/Diagnostics 2005-2015
Figure 3-2: Distribution of Revenues for HAI Testing by Infection Type, 2010 Estimates (MRSA, Cdiff,
Other HAIs)
Table 3-6: The World Market for Hospital Infection Testing/Diagnostics Estimated Products Sales by
Geographic Region (US, Europe, ROW) 2005-2015
Figure 3-3: The World Market for Hospital Infection Testing/Diagnostics Estimated Product Sales by
Geographic Region (US, Europe, ROW) 2005-2015
Table 3-7: Detection Time for MRSA by Screening Method (Test Type, Turnaround Time, Average Cost)
Figure 3-4: Molecular vs. Conventional Diagnostic Market for HAIs in 2010 and Projected to 2015
Table 3-8: The World Market for Hospital Infection Diagnostics (Top 9 Leading Suppliers vs. Others)
2010
CHAPTER FOUR: TREATING HOSPITAL INFECTIONS
Table 4-1: Treatment Options for Bacterial Infections (Type, Brand, and Manufacturer)
Table 4-3: Recent Approvals for Hospital Infection Treatments
Table 4-5: The World Market for Hospital Infection Treatment 2005-2015
Figure 4-3: The World Market for Hospital Infection Treatment Estimated Market Share by Region, 2010
CHAPTER FIVE: MARKET SUMMARY
Table 5-1: The Global Market for Hospital Infections by Product Segment, 2005-2015
Figure 5-1: The Global Market for Hospital Infection Products 2005-2015
Figure 5-2: The Global Market for Hospital Infection Products by Product Segment, 2010 (Diagnostics,
Treatment)
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