Word stress, intonation and juncture with quiz

WE CAN ONLY STRESS
VOWELS,
NOT CONSONANTS.

Rule Example
Most 2-syllable nouns PRESent, EXport, CHIna, TAble
Most 2-syllable
adjectives
PRESent, SLENder, CLEVer, HAPpy
A. Stress on first syllable

B. STRESS ON LAST SYLLABLE
rule example
Most 2-
syllable verbs
preSENT,
exPORT,
deCIDE, beGIN

C. STRESS ON PENULTIMATE SYLLABLE
(PENULTIMATE = SECOND FROM END)
rule example
Words ending in -ic GRAPHic, geoGRAPHic,
geoLOGic
Words ending in -
sion and -tion
teleVIsion, reveLAtion

rule example
Words ending in -cy, -ty, -
phy and -gy
deMOcracy,
dependaBIlity,
phoTOgraphy, geOLogy
Words ending in -al CRItical, geoLOGical
D. Stress on ante-penultimate syllable
(ante-penultimate = third from end)

rule example
For compound nouns, the stress
is on the firstpart
BLACKbird,
GREENhouse
For compound adjectives, the
stress is on the second part
bad-TEMpered, old-
FASHioned
For compound verbs, the stress
is on the second part
underSTAND, overFLOW
E. Compound words (words with two parts)

For each question,
the correct choice
is the one
in which
the stressed syllable
is capitalized,
as in voCABulary.

1. Can you pass me a
plastic knife?
a. PLAS-tic
b. plas-TIC

2. I want to be
a photographer.
a. PHO-to-graph-er
b. pho-TO-graph-er

3.Which photograph do you
like best?
a. PHO-to-graph
b. pho-TO-graph

4. He was born in China.
a. CHI-na
b. Chi-NA

5. Whose computer is this?
a. com-PU-ter
b. com-pu-TER

6. I can't decide which book
to borrow.
a. DE-cide
b. de-CIDE

7. Couldn't you understand
what she was saying?
a. un-DER-stand
b. un-der-STAND

8. Voting in elections is
your most important duty.
a. im-POR-tant
b. im-por-TANT

9. We had a really
interesting conversation.
a. con-VER-sa-tion
b. con-ver-SA-tion

10. How do you pronounce
this word?
a. PRO-nounce
b. pro-NOUNCE

RISING AND FALLING INTONATION
PATTERNS
ARE WHAT MAKE A MESSAGE
SOUND INTERESTING.
WITHOUT THEM, WE’D BE SPEAKING
WITH THE SAME PITCH
AND DRIVE OURSELVES
AND OUR LISTENERS CRAZY!

INTONATION DESCRIBES HOW THE VOICE
RISES AND FALLS IN SPEECH.
THE THREE MAIN PATTERNS
OF INTONATION IN ENGLISH ARE:
FALLING INTONATION,
RISING INTONATION
AND FALL-RISE INTONATION.

RISING INTONATION DESCRIBES HOW THE
VOICE RISES AT THE END OF A SENTENCE.
RISING INTONATION IS COMMON IN YES-NO QUESTIONS:
•SO, IS THAT THE NEW DOCTOR? ↗
•ARE YOU THIRSTY? ↗

FALLING INTONATION DESCRIBES HOW THE
VOICE FALLS ON THE FINAL STRESSED SYLLABLE
OF A PHRASE OR A GROUP OF WORDS.
A FALLING INTONATION IS VERY COMMON IN
WH-QUESTIONS.
•WHERE’S THE NEAREST P↘OST-OFFICE?
•WHAT TIME DOES THE FILM F↘INISH?

WE ALSO USE FALLING INTONATION WHEN WE
SAY SOMETHING DEFINITE, OR WHEN WE WANT
TO BE VERY CLEAR ABOUT SOMETHING:
•I THINK WE ARE COMPLETELY L↘OST.
•OK, HERE’S THE MAGAZ↘INE YOU
WANTED.

FALL-RISE INTONATION DESCRIBES
HOW THE VOICE FALLS AND THEN
RISES.
WE USE FALL-RISE INTONATION AT THE END OF
STATEMENTS WHEN WE WANT TO SAY THAT WE
ARE NOT SURE, OR WHEN WE MAY HAVE MORE TO
ADD:

•I DO↘N’T SUPPORT ANY FOOTBALL TEAM
AT THE M↘OM↗ENT. (BUT I MAY CHANGE
MY MIND IN FUTURE).
•IT RAINED EVERY DAY IN THE FIRS↘T
W↗EEK. (BUT THINGS IMPROVED AFTER
THAT).

WE USE FALL-RISE INTONATION WITH
QUESTIONS, ESPECIALLY WHEN WE REQUEST
INFORMATION OR INVITE SOMEBODY TO DO
OR TO HAVE SOMETHING. THE INTONATION
PATTERN MAKES THE QUESTIONS SOUND
MORE POLITE:

•IS THIS YOUR CAM↘ER↗A?
•WOULD YOU LIKE ANOTHER
CO↘FF↗EE?

• MY BROTHER'S NAME IS DYLAN.

• BLUE IS MY FAVORITE COLOR.

• DO YOU LIKE WATCHING HEROES?

• WHICH BOOK IS THE BEST FOR YOU?

Direction: Read the story below, and then answer the questions that
follow. Encircle the correct answer.
Once upon in the Philippines there was an old woman with strange
magical qualities. The local villagers had noticed her house seemed
brighter at night even though there was no electricity. According to
rumours some have even seen dwarfs helping a mysterious and
beautiful girl at night. No one ever discovered the source of the
mysterious night time glow.
She lived in the forest on the outskirts of a fishing village and was
famous for her beautiful flowers. The fisherman would barter their
treasured catch for her flowers.

• A YOUNG COUPLE CAME TO VISIT THE VILLAGE. THEY WERE
HAUGHTY AND WERE NOT FROM AROUND THERE. A PROUD PAIR
THAT ANYTHING THEY THOUGHT WAS UGLY. THEY WOULD MADE
FUN OF ANYTHING THEY THOUGHT WAS UGLY.
• THEY WERE OUT EXPLORING THE VILLAGE ONE DAY AND
CAME UPON THE OLD WOMAN IN THE FOREST. SINCE THEY
FOUND HER UGLY, THEY MOCKED HER. AFTER MAKING FUN OF
HER, THE OLD WOMAN ASKED THEM TO LEAVE BUT THEY
REFUSED.
• TO PUNISH THEM, SHE SAID “SINCE YOU ONLY LIKE
BEAUTIFUL THINGS I WILL TURN YOU INTO THE MOST
BEAUTIFUL INSECT.” SHE TAPPED THEM WITH HER CANE AND
THEY BECAME THE FIRST BUTTERFLY.

1. WHO IS THE MAIN CHARACTER IN THE STORY?
A. OLD WOMAN B. YOUNG COUPLE C. VILLAGERS D.
BUTTERFLIES
2. THE YOUNG COUPLE PLAYED AS THE ________ IN THE STORY
A. PROTAGONIST B. ANTAGONIST C. CONFLICT D.
CLIMAX
3. THE OLD WOMAN PLAYED AS THE ________ IN THE STORY.
A. PROTAGONIST B. ANTAGONIST C. CONFLICT D.
CLIMAX

4. THE YOUNG COUPLE MADE FUN OF THE OLD WOMAN. THIS PART
OF THE PLOT IS THE _____ OF THE STORY.
A. RESOLUTION B. INTRODUCTION C. CLIMAX
D. FALLING ACTION
5. SHE TAPPED THEM WITH HER CANE AND THEY BECAME THE
FIRST BUTTERFLY. THIS PART OF THE PLOT IS THE _____ OF THE
STORY.
A. RESOLUTION B. INTRODUCTION C. CLIMAX
D. FALLING ACTION

6. WHERE DID THE STORY HAPPEN?
A. RIVERBANK B. MALL C. FOREST D. VILLA
7. WHY DID THE OLD WOMAN TURN THE YOUNG COUPLE INTO BUTTERFLIES?
A. THEY WERE HAUGHTY C. THEY BULLIED THE OLD WOMAN
B. THEY ONLY LIKE BEAUTIFUL THINGS D. ALL OF THE ABOVE

8. WHAT IS THE THEME OF THE STORY?
A. HONESTY IS THE BEST POLICY C. BEAUTY
IS SKIN DEEP.
B. RESPECT BY SAYING PO AT OPO. D. SAVING IS
PREPARING FOR THE FUTURE.
9. WHAT KIND OF STORY IS THIS?
A. NOVEL B. LEGEND C. MYTH
D. EPIC

• 10. _________ WRITING USES IMAGES AND DESCRIPTIONS. OFTENTIMES, IT IS SUBJECTIVE AND LESS FORMAL.
• A. ACADEMIC B. LITERARY C. JARGON D. SCIENTIFIC
• 11.. _________ WRITING USES WORDS WHICH ARE FORMAL, STANDARD AND IMPERSONAL.
• 12. FAIRY TALE, MYTH, LEGEND AND EPIC ARE EXAMPLES OF ________ WRITING.
• 13. A KIND OF PARAGRAPH THAT ENGAGES THE FIVE SENSES AS POSSIBLE BY USING VIVID AND VIBRANT
VOCABULARY THAT PAINTS A MENTAL PICTURE OF THE PERSON, OBJECT OR SITUATION.
• A. DESCRIPTIVE B. NARRATIVE C. PERSUASIVE D. EXPOSITORY
• 14. THIS KIND OF PARAGRAPH HELPS TELL A STORY. IT SHOULD EXPRESS THE CHRONOLOGY OF A SPECIFIC EVENT.
• A. DESCRIPTIVE B. NARRATIVE C. PERSUASIVE D. EXPOSITORY

•15. IT INTENDS TO GAIN THE READER’S SUPPORT CONCERNING A SPECIFIC TOPIC.
•A. DESCRIPTIVE B. NARRATIVE C. PERSUASIVE D.
EXPOSITORY
•16. IT COMPARES, CONTRASTS, LISTS, SUMMARIZES OR DISCUSSES DIFFERENT TYPES OF
INFORMATION.
EXPOSITORY
•17. AN EDITORIAL IS AN EXAMPLE OF THIS KIND OF PARAGRAPH.
EXPOSITORY

•18. WHICH IDIOM MEANS IT HAPPENS VERY RARELY?
•A. ONCE IN A BLUE MOON B. WHEN PIGS FLY C. BREAK A LEG D.
GREEN EYED
•19. WHICH IS NOT AN IDIOM?
•A. PIECE OF CAKE B. KNOCK ON WOOD C. LET THE CAT OUT OF
THE BAG D. LET’S SING
•20. WHICH IDIOM MEANS IT’S IMPOSSIBLE TO HAPPEN?
•A. PIECE OF CAKE B. KNOCK ON WOOD C. LET THE CAT OUT
D. WHEN PIGS FLY

STRESS: PUT THE STRESS MARK ABOVE AND
ACCENTED A SYLLABLE. USE THE SYMBOL (‘).
21. COMFORTABLE 22. CEMETERY
23. TORNADO 24. TERRIFIC
25. BIOLOGY

Word stress, intonation and juncture with quiz

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