Some visceral organs of gastrointestinal and urinary tracts and their blood and nervous supply & venous and lymphatic drainage

1. M.A.A. Al-Maqrashi
Visceral Organ Arterial supply Venous drainage Lymphatic drainage Nervous supply
Esophagus
Cervical part:
Superior & inferior thyroid
branches
Cervical part:
inferior thyroid vein
Proximal 1/3:
deep cervical lymph nodes
Cervical part:
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
Sympathetic trunk
Thoracic part:
Descending aorta branches
Thoracic part:
Azygos & hemiazygos veins
Middle 1/3:
Superior & posterior
mediastinal nodes
Thoracic & Abdominal parts:
Vagal nerve
Sympathetic trunkAbdominal part:
Left gastric artery branches
Abdominal part:
Left gastric vein
Distal 1/3:
Celiac lymph nodes
Stomach
Celiac Trunk Branches:
- Left gastric artery
- Common hepatic artery
- Right gastric artery
- Hepatic artery proper-
right gastro-omental artery
- Splenic artery
- Short gastric arteries
- Left gastro-omental artery
- Rt & left gastric veins →
portal vein
- Short gastric and left gastro-
omental veins → splenic vein
- Right gastro-omental vein →
superior mesenteric vein
Celiac lymph nodes
Sympathetic:
lateral horns of T6 –T9
Para sympathetic:
anterior vagal trunk (left)
posterior vagal trunk (right)
Duodenum
Celiac Trunk Branch:
Gastroduodenal artery-
superior
Pancreaticoduodenal
Superior mesenteric branch:
Inferior
pancreaticoduodenal
- superior
Pancreaticoduodenal veins →
portal vein
- Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
→ superior mesenteric vein
- Superior mesenteric lymph
nodes
- Celiac lymph nodes
Sympathetic & parasymp.:
From coeliac and superior
mesenteric plexuses
Jejunum &
Ileum
superior mesenteric artery superior mesenteric vein
Superior mesenteric lymph
nodes
superior mesenteric plexus
Caecum &
Appendix
Superior mesenteric branch:
Ileocolic arteries- appendicular
& caecal branches
superior mesenteric plexus
Ascending Colon
Superior mesenteric branch:
Ileocolic arteries
Right colic artery
superior mesenteric vein
Superior mesenteric lymph
nodes
superior mesenteric plexus

2. M.A.A. Al-Maqrashi
Transverse
colon
Right 2/3rd
: SMA Right 2/3rd
: SMV Right 2/3rd
: SMLN Right 2/3rd
: SMP
Left 1/3rd
: IMA Left 1/3rd
: IMV Left 1/3rd
: IMLN Left 1/3rd
: IMP
Descending
Colon
Inferior mesenteric branch:
left colic artery
sigmoid branches
Inferior mesenteric vein Inferior mesenteric lymph node Inferior mesenteric plexus
Sigmoid Colon
Inferior mesenteric branch:
left colic artery
superior rectal artery
Inferior mesenteric vein Inferior mesenteric lymph node Inferior hypogastric plexus
Rectum
Inferior mesenteric branch:
Superior rectal artery
Internal iliac artery branches:
Middle rectal artery
Internal Pudendal artery –
Inferior rectal artery
- Superior rectal vein → Portal
vein
- Middle &inferior rectal veins
→ Internal iliac vein
Upper half of rectum:
inferior mesenteric nodes
Lower half of the rectum:
internal iliac nodes
Anal Canal
Above the pectinate line:
superior rectal artery
Above the pectinate line:
superior rectal vein
Above the pectinate line:
inferior mesenteric nodes
pararectal nodes and
Above the pectinate line:
autonomic nerves (hypogastric
plexuses)
Below the pectinate line:
Inferior rectal artery
Below the pectinate line:
inferior rectal vein
Below the pectinate line:
superficial inguinal nodes
Below the pectinate line:
inferior rectal nerve
Kidneys Renal artery Renal vein
Renal sympathetic plexus &
parasympathetic supplied from
the least splanchnic nerves
visceral afferent fibers that
travel through the renal plexus
enter the spinal cord in the
10th, 11th, and 12th thoracic
nerves.
Renal pain -commonly referred
along T12 (Subcostal nerve)
lateral aortic lymph nodes
around the origin of the renal
artery.
Adrenal glands
Superior suprarenal a. ← inf.
Phrenic artery
Middle suprarenal a. ←
abdominal aorta
Suprarenal vein:
Left: to renal vein
Right: to inf. Vena cava
Preganglionic sympathetic
fibers
Mainly in medulla
lateral aortic lymph node

3. M.A.A. Al-Maqrashi
Inferior suprarenal a. ← renal
artery
Ureters
Branches from:
Renal a.
Gonadal a.
CIA
IIA: superior vesical, vaginal,
uterine
Corresponds to arteries
renal, gonadal and hypogastric
plexuses
visceral afferent fibers enter the
spinal cord in the T11, T12, L1
and L2
- lateral aortic lymph node
- Iliac lymph node
Urinary Bladder
Branches from IIA:
Sup. Vesical a.
Inf. Vesical a.
Vesical venous plexus → IIV
Autonomic:
Sympathetic: T12-L2
Parasympathetic: S2-S4
Afferents (sensory- including
pain) from the above segments
Internal & external iliac
lymph nodes
Prostate
Branches from branches of IIA:
Int. pudendal a.
Inf. Vesical a.
Mid. Rectal a.
Prostatic venous plexus → IIV
Uterus IIA → Uterine artery Uterine vein → IIV
Inferior hypogastric plexus
Pain fibers:
from fundus, body: travel via
T10-T12 spinal nerves
From cervix: pelvic splanchnic
nerves-S2-S4
Fundus: paraaortic
Body & Cervix: External &
Internal iliac