Rada System

1. BITS Pilani
Hyderabad Campus
RADAR SYSTEM
Mayank Garg
2013H140040H
Embedded System
BITS-Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

2. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Introduction
History of Radar
Principle of Operation
Characteristics of radar
Radar measurement capabilities
Radar Range Measurement
Types of Radar
Classification by Primary Radar Mission
Radar Wave Modulation
Antenna’s
Application’s
Conclusion
Mayank Garg Slide 2
CONTENTS

3. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
 RADAR is an acronym for RAdio Detection And
Ranging
 RADAR is a method of using electromagnetic waves to
remote-sense the position, velocity and identifying
characteristics of targets.
Introduction
Mayank Garg Slide 3

4. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Radar was developed for military purposes during W. W. II.
The British and US Military used radar to locate ships and
airplanes.
Mayank Garg Slide 4
History of Radar

5. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 5

6. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 6
Principle of Operation

7. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 7
Characteristics of radar
 Frequencies in the MHz, GHz, THz
 Propagates at the speed of light
 Antennas or optics used to launch/receive waves

8. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 8
Presence of target (detection )
Range (distance and direction)
Received signal strength
Radial velocity (Doppler frequency shift)
Radar measurement capabilities

9. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 9

10. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
 Pulse Transmission
 Continuous Wave
Mayank Garg Slide 10
Two Basic Radar Types

11. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 11
Pulse Radar Components

12. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 12
Pulse Diagram
PRT
PW
Resting Time
PRT=1/PRF
Carrier Freq.

13. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 13
Pulse Transmission
Pulse Width (PW)
– Length or duration of a given pulse
Pulse Repetition Frequency (PRF)
– Frequency at which consecutive pulse are transmitted
Pulse Repetition Time (PRT=1/PRF)
– Time from beginning of one pulse to the next
– Inverse of PRF
PW determines radar’s
– Minimum detection range
– Maximum detection range
PRF determines radar’s
– Maximum detection range

14. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 14
Continuous Wave Radar
Continual energy transmission
Separate transmit/receive antennas
Relies on “DOPPLER SHIFT”

15. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
 Impedance Matching
 Transmission
Mayank Garg Slide 15
Continuous Wave Radar Components
Discriminator AMP Mixer
CW RF
Oscillator
Indicator
OUT
IN
Transmitter Antenna
Antenna

16. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 16
Doppler Frequency Shifts

17. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 17
Doppler Effect

18. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 18
Pulse Vs. Continuous Wave

19. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 19
Classification by Primary Radar
Mission
 Detection of Message Signal
 Triggering The Rectenna
 GSM Frequency In INDIA (900MHz Or 1800MHz)
Search radars
Weather Radar
Tracking radars

20. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Amplitude Modulation
Frequency Modulation
Pulse-Amplitude Modulation
Pulse-Frequency Modulation
Mayank Garg Slide 20
RADAR Wave Modulation

21. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Introducing two types of antenna
Parabolic Reflector Antenna
Array antenna
Mayank Garg Slide 21
Types of Antenna

22. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad CampusMayank Garg Slide 22
Parabolic Reflector Antenna

23. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
An array antenna is composed of multiple element arrays for
example, linear array, area array or nonformal array. The
element antennas are half-wavelength dipoles, micro strip
patches and wave guide slot.
Mayank Garg Slide 23
Array Antenna

24. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Search RADAR
Targeting RADAR
Navigational RADAR
Mapping RADAR
Weather RADAR
RADAR is used for Air Traffic Control
Mayank Garg Slide 24
Applications

25. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Radar is a way to detect and study far off objects by
transmitting a radio pulse in the direction of the target and
observing the reflection of the wave.
Its basically a radio echo.
Mayank Garg Slide 25
Conclusion

26. BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Thanks
Mayank Garg Slide 26
Link to connect with author:
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http://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mayank_Garg6/
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