পবিত্র কোরআন ও সহীহ হাদিস-এর আলোকে আদর্শ বিবাহ এবং দাম্পত্য জীবন

1. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  0

2. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  1
dhNq ixôf
HCdmjf ------------------- 1
spZbfyfv W hAdHyfv -------3
omA bfvD-icv¢sNv dbuGbhfn 5
ilGf --------------------10
jfsj sjfbX zÌ slJfsbf ytsh 13
ianfLb W zÌnÏf ----- 16
dhhfsrv iasqfubDqkf --- 21
zShL dhhfr ------------ 23
ifÛD iY¦l ------------- 32
ifÛD lwGb -------------- 41
iB W spZkcj ----------- 46
slbsmfrv -------------- 51
dhhfsrv iCshG slwfyfv ---- 54
dhhfsrv dlb ------------ 57
dhhfr-háb ------------- 60
zfjXl djHfsh rsh ------ 62
zfjXslv iv slwfyfv ---- 64
jbAf dhlfq ------------- 66
hLChvB ----------------- 67
ðH hfnv --------------- 69
mLc-dmtb --------------- 72
ztDmfr ---------------- 76
zbAfbA stfjfyfv ------- 78
lf©ikA W zdLjfv ------ 79
²ÃDv zdLjfv ------------ 79
öfmDv zdLjfv ---------- 85
spZK zdLjfv ----------- 94
Ov-nQnfv -------------- 98
Ov-ufmfƒ ------------ 101
msbfmfdtbA ----------- 102
kftfj --------------- 104
Ćk ----------------- 107
²ÃD rfvfm jvst -------- 110
zðdykf -------------- 111
ƒd²Àrfpf -------------- 114
dbIfn ---------------- 115
zfk¹fðdÝ ------------ 116
oHG W ub¹dbq§ÃB ----- 117
nQsjk-idvdydk
W iamfBiÓD ----------- 121
dhNq ixôf

3. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  1
ِ‫ﻩ‬ِ‫ﺪ‬ْ‫ﻬ‬‫ﱠ‬‫ﻳ‬ ْ‫ﻦ‬َ‫ﻣ‬ ،‫َﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﻟ‬‫َﺎ‬‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﻋ‬َ‫أ‬ ِ‫ت‬‫َﺎ‬‫ﺌ‬‫ﱢ‬‫ﻴ‬َ‫ﺳ‬َ‫و‬ ‫َﺎ‬‫ﻨ‬ِ‫ﺴ‬ُ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻧ‬َ‫أ‬ ِ‫ر‬ْ‫و‬ُ‫ﺮ‬ُ‫ﺷ‬ ْ‫ﻦ‬ِ‫ﻣ‬ ِ‫ﷲ‬‫ِﺎ‬‫ﺑ‬ ُ‫ذ‬ْ‫ﻮ‬ُ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﻧ‬َ‫و‬ ُ‫ﻩ‬ُ‫ﺮ‬ِ‫ﻔ‬ْ‫ﻐ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻧ‬َ‫و‬ ُ‫ﻪ‬ُ‫ﻨ‬ْ‫ﻴ‬ِ‫ﻌ‬َ‫ﺘ‬ْ‫ﺴ‬َ‫ﻧ‬َ‫و‬ ُ‫ﻩ‬ُ‫ﺪ‬َ‫ﻤ‬ْ‫ﺤ‬َ‫ﻧ‬ ِ‫ﷲ‬ َ‫ﺪ‬ْ‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ْ‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬ِِ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َِ َ ْ َ ِ َ‫ﱢ‬َ َ َِ َُْ ِ ْ ُ ُ ْ ِ ِ ِ ُْ ُ ََ ُُ ِْ َْ ََ ُ ُِْ َْ ََ َُُ ْ َ ِ َْ َ ْ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ
ْ‫ﻦ‬َ‫ﻣ‬َ‫و‬ ،ُ‫ﻪ‬َ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻞ‬ِ‫ﻀ‬ُ‫ﻣ‬ َ‫ﻼ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ ُ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ْ َ َ ُ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ ُ َ َ ُXِ‫إ‬ َ‫ﻪ‬‫ِﻟ‬‫إ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻻ‬ ْ‫ن‬َ‫أ‬ ُ‫ﺪ‬َ‫ﻬ‬ْ‫ﺷ‬َ‫أ‬َ‫و‬ ،ُ‫ﻪ‬َ‫ﻟ‬ َ‫ى‬ِ‫د‬‫ﺎ‬َ‫ه‬ َ‫ﻼ‬َ‫ﻓ‬ ْ‫ﻞ‬ِ‫ﻠ‬ْ‫ﻀ‬‫ﱡ‬‫ﻳ‬ِ َ ِ ‫ﱠ‬ ْ َ َُ ْ ََ ُ َ َ ِ َ َ َ ْ ِْ ‫ﱡ‬،ُ‫ﻪ‬َ‫ﻟ‬ َ‫ﻚ‬ْ‫ﻳ‬ِ‫ﺮ‬َ‫ﺷ‬ َ‫ﻻ‬ ُ‫ﻩ‬َ‫ﺪ‬ْ‫ﺣ‬َ‫و‬ ُ‫ﷲ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻻ‬ُ َ َ ِْ َ َ َُ ْ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ُﻪ‬‫ﻟ‬ْ‫ﻮ‬ ُ‫ﺳ‬َ‫ر‬َ‫و‬ ُ‫ﻩ‬ُ‫ﺪ‬ ْ‫ﺒ‬َ‫ﻋ‬ ً‫ا‬‫ﺪ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ﻤ‬َ‫ﺤ‬ُ‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﱠ‬‫ن‬َ‫أ‬ ُ‫ﺪ‬َ‫ﻬ‬ ْ‫ﺷ‬َ‫أ‬َ‫و‬ُْ ُ َ َ ُُ َْ ً ‫ﱠ‬ َ ُ ‫ﱠ‬ َ َُ ْ ََ.®$pκš‰r'¯≈tƒâ¨$¨Ζ9$#(#θà)¨?$#ãΝä3−/u‘“Ï%©!$#/ä3s)n=s{⎯ÏiΒ<§ø¯Ρ;οy‰Ïn¨uρt,n=yzuρ
$pκ÷]ÏΒ$yγy_÷ρy—£]t/uρ$uΚåκ÷]ÏΒZω%y`Í‘#[ÏWx.[™!$|¡ÏΣuρ4(#θà)¨?$#uρ©!$#“Ï%©!$#tβθä9u™!$|¡s?⎯ϵÎ/tΠ%tnö‘F{$#uρ4¨βÎ)©!$#tβ%x.
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t⎦⎪Ï%©!$#(#θãΖtΒ#u™(#θà)¨?$#©!$#(#θä9θè%uρZωöθs%#Y‰ƒÏ‰y™∩∠⊃∪ôxÏ=óÁãƒöΝä3s9ö/ä3n=≈yϑôãr&öÏøótƒuρöΝä3s9öΝä3t/θçΡèŒ3⎯tΒuρÆìÏÜãƒ
©!$#…ã&s!θß™u‘uρô‰s)sùy—$sù#·—öθsù$¸ϑŠÏàtã∩∠⊇∪〈‫وﺑﻌﺪ‬:
dhwcÝ wvqD Îfb-ö¬ikf, dhwcÝ wvDqskv …iv zfmt jvfv iadk zhsrtf W
zhÎf, öfKGfsb¶dNkf ˆhQ slwDq idvshswv dhswN jciaHfshv Ist mcndtm nmfsu
dhdHâ jcnQõfv, jciaKf, jczfyfv W zbfyfsvv iaflcHGfh OsesY. ivjfstv iadk [DB
„mfb kKf zn{ idvshw W ifdvifdw¶Gjkfv jfvsB zdLjfQw mfbcsNv ƒ¤Yf sbƒ
dbsusj jcnQõfv-mcÙÁ jvfv, mb sbƒ zfk¹wcdÝv, syóf sbƒ äDb dw[fv, ë™s[i
sbƒ LmGDq hfBDv iadk, sbƒ nmfusj jciaKf W zbfyfvmcÙÁ jvfv sjfb n{nfrn!
jfu spsrkc ˆjf jfsvf bq. iasqfub spZK iasyófv. hAfifvefW sjht mcJ W
jtsmv bq; hvQ zfmt W jfsuv. kfƒ zfmCt nQõfv W idvhkGb nfLsbv ubA yfƒ
zfhft-hxÝ-hdbkfv nd©mdtk ‰jfd§Àj iasyóf; pfv wDsNG Kfjsh zfïfr-HDdk,
ivjfstv iadk iCBG „mfb, drnfh-dbjfn W uhfhdldrv Hq, slfpsJv wËf ˆhQ
shsrsñv stfH.
dhhfr W lf©ikA mcndtmslv ˆj wcH W ncJl ndá[B, zfhfv zwcH W p§ÃBfial
nmqjftW. ˆƒ wcHfwcH dbhGfyb jvfq kfvW rfk zfsY. spmb dhhfr jvf zLG
„mfb. lf©ikA-uDhb kfv zsLGj LmGDq uDhb. kfYfVf lf©iskAv nIvW hV tìf.
pfv nÌDW dyvnÌD. kfƒ skf zLG „mfb pfsk zhtDtfq ˆsn zhsrtfq hvhfl bf
rsq pfq ˆhQ ˆƒ tìf nIv spb jójv kKf kfv nfKD spb jcub W jcnfKD bf rq

4. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  2
kfv ubA nIv wcv¢ jvfv iCshG, uDhb-nmcsla kfv lf©iskAv kvBD zhkfvB jvfv
zfso zfso kfsj ˆjec sHsh dbsk rq, djYc susb W isV dbsk rq. bsy{ zfbfVD
mfïf mfU nmcsla I]fisv iVsk hfLA.
dhhfsrv iCshG zsbj pchj-pchkD hù vdkwf²Ã zLAqb jsv Kfsjb; dj§Â sjfb LmDGq
vDdkwf²Ã zLAqb jvfv iasqfub msb jsvb bf. zKy siam W siasmv Lvb kKf
spZbncJ skf sp sjfb iajfsv tfH rskƒ ifsv. iv§Â tfH pf rq bf kf rt siam W
spZhsb bDdk-Sbdkjkf, nQpmwDtkf, lf©ikA W nfQnfdvj ivm wfd§À ˆhQ
nxdójkGfv yvm n§Âdó.
zfncb ƒntfmD idhÛ n©ijG, zflwG dhhfr W ncJD-lf©ikA oVfv …sÜswA zfmvf
zÛ icd²Àjfv zLAfqocdt hfvhfv zfstfybf jdv, zfv lxPnQj¬i rƒ sp, zfmvf
zfmfslv uDhb W lf©ikA oVh ƒntfmD snfbfv Yf]sy. sjfb slwfyfv, stfjfyfv hf
²ÃD-zfyfsvv kcIfsb zfmvf dhydtk rh bf. zfmvf yfƒ ƒrjfst zbfdht wfd§À W
ivjfst zb§À ncJ.
sr zfïfr! kcdm zfmfslvsj snƒ kWIDj W siavBf lfb jv pfsk zfmvf skfmfv
W skfmfv vnCstv zfbcokAiCBG uDhb W ncJD lf©ikA oVsk ifdv. zfv lf©iskAv
‰ dhwft zfmfbsk spb sJqfbk bf jsv hdn. zfmDb.
zfèct rfmDl zft-mflfbD
zft-mfumfzfr, n…lD zfvh
26/2/97

5. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  3
spZbfyfv W hAdHyfv
zfïfr kf'zftf ixdKhD zfhfl vfJfv ubA mfbcNsj JtDIfv™si nxdó jsvsYb. kfv
msLA ˆmb iajxdk W iahxdÙ lfb jsvsYb pfsk sn zdk nrsu dbsuv hQw hxdÝ W
zfhfl jvsk ifsv. [cLf-dbhxdÙ jsv spmb kfv dbsuv zd²Àk¶ zhdwó Kfsj kla™i
spZb[cLf dbhxdÙ jvst kfv hQw hfjD Kfjsh.
ˆƒ spZb[cLf ˆmb ˆj [cLf, pfv kfVbfq [cLfkG mfbcN dbsusj zsbj nmq dbq§ÃB
W zfqsÙ vfJsk ifsv bf. [cLf …iwf§À bf rWqf ipG§À mfbcN iajxk²¿ rsk ifsv bf.
zhwA …ÙÁ [cLf dbhfvsBv ubA ixdKhDsk nfLfvBk} dkbde vDdk vsqsY ;
iaKmk} `I¼D-snÆ'-ˆv iwch{ vDdk; pfsk LmDGq, Sbdkj hf stZdjj sjfb iajfsvv
hfLf W dbq§ÃB sbƒ, pJb spHfsh ƒ¤Yf jfmdiifnf lCv jvf pfq. pfsk nmfsu nxdó rq
dhwx£Jtkf ˆhQ hQsw zfsn jk wk ufvu.
däkDqk} nQpm vDdk; pfsk mfbcN ƒd¦laq hfnbfsj dboxrDk vfsJ. sjfb iajfsvv
hDpG[qsj ifi msb jsv. ˆv™i ShvfoAhfl iajxdk-LsmGvW dhsvfLD.
kxkDqk} dbqd§Ãk vDdk; odà-nDmfv zHA§Àsv sKsj jfm-hfnbfsj mfbcN ydvkfKG
jvsk ifsv. ‰ nDmf …ïQOb jsv dbq§ÃB-rfvf rsk ifsv bf. ˆƒ vDdkƒ rt
mfbcsNv ubA iajxdkdnÝ W bAfqivfqB. dhhfr-hásbv mfsU nDdmk W vDdkmk
spZbfyfv W jfmhfnbf ydvkfKG jvf pfq. dj§Â h¬ofrDbHfsh hAdHyfv jvf pfq bf.
ˆƒ bDdkƒ nm²À ‰wDLsmGv bDdk ˆhQ ƒntfsmv zflwG. ƒntfm dhhfrsj ShL jsvsY
ˆhQ hAdHyfvsj zShL W rfvfm sOfNBf jsvsY. bfvD-icv¢sNv ˆƒ dmtbsj pdl
dbqd§Ãk bf jvf rk, kfrst ixdKhDsk ncwx£Jt nmfu W nQnfv osV …Ek bf. ²¿fqD
rk bf siam W n©i»Ddk. snƒ lf©ikA osV …Ek bf pfsk Kfsj ˆsjv zsbAv ubA
waÝf, Hfstfhfnf, sn´r, öfKGkAfo W …{noG.
kfƒskf iasqfub dYt hAdHyfvsj jsEfvHfsh lmb jvf. pfsk nmfsuv mfbcNvf
znHA W …¤Yx£Jt bf rsq …sE, tfofmrDb spZbfyfsv dhdHâ lcvfsvfoA hAfdL W
mrfmfvDv iaflcHfGh bf Ose ˆhQ mfbcN iwcv ipGfsq sbsm bf pfq.
kfƒ skf ƒntfsm vsqsY hAdHyfvDv ubA jsEfv wfd²À-hAh²¿f. zfïfr kf'zftf
hstb, ªhAdHyfdvBD W hAdHyfvD - Wslv iaskAjsj ˆjwk jwfOfk jv; pdl
skfmvf zfïfrsk W ivjfst dhÇhfnD rW kfrst zfïfrv dhLfb jfpGjvDjvsB Wslv
iadk lqf spb skfmfslvsj zdHHCk bf jsv. zfv mc'dmbslv ˆjde lt spb Wslv

6. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  4
wfd²À iakA[ jsv.« (jc} 24/2) zfv ˆviv kfslvsj ˆj hYsvv ubA slw sKsj
hdr°jfv zKhf jfvflsà ldàk jvf rsh. (hc}, mc}, dm} 3555bQ)
ˆ skf rt zdhhfdrk hAdHyfvD-hAdHyfdvBDv wfd²À. dhhfdrkslv wfd²À rt kfslvsj
sjfmv zhdL mfdesk i]csk ifKv dbs[i jsv rkAf jvf. (hc}, mc}, dm} 3555, 3557bQ)
klbcv™i nmjfm hf nmdtÌD-hAdHyfvsjW ƒntfm rfvfm sOfNBf jsvsY.
iajxdkokHfsh icv¢N bfvDv iadk ˆhQ bfvD icv¢sNv iadk zfnÙÁ ˆhQ …Hsqƒ ˆsj
zisvv dmtb tfsHv zfjf£JD. dj§Â ˆƒ iajxdkv nDmf …ïQOb jsv ˆhQ äDbD
dbq§ÃsBv shVf dFdÌsq pfvf dbtGÏHfsh icv¢sN-icv¢sN W bfvDsk-bfvDsk nmjfsm
dbsuslv spZb[cLf dbhfvB jsv kfslvW wfd²À rkAf. (dk}, ƒmf}, dm} 3575bQ)
jxdÛm-SmKcb hf r²ÀSmKcb zk hV mrfifi bf rstW pf öfs²¿Av is[ lfv¢b [dk
W rfdbjv ˆhQ kf rfvfm. zfïfr kfzftf hstb,
،‫ﻦ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻏ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺈ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺎﻧ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻳ‬‫أ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﻜ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫و‬‫أ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻬ‬‫اﺟ‬‫و‬‫ز‬‫أ‬ ‫ﻠﻰ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫إ‬ ،‫ن‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻈ‬‫ﺎﻓ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺟ‬‫و‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ه‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻳ‬‫ﺬ‬‫اﻟ‬‫و‬َ ِْ ْ َُ ُ َْ ْ ُ ‫ﱠ‬َِ ْ ُ ُ َ َْ ْ َ ََ َ ْ َ ْ ِ ِ َ ْ َ َ ‫ﱠ‬ ِ َ ْ ُ ِ َ ْ ِ ِ ْ ُ ُِ ْ ُ َ ِْ‫ﱠ‬ َ
‫ن‬‫و‬‫ﺎد‬‫ﻌ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ه‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫وﻟﺌ‬‫ﺄ‬‫ﻓ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ذﻟ‬ ‫اء‬‫ر‬‫و‬ ‫ﻰ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﺘ‬‫اﺑ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻓ‬َ ْ ُ َ ْ ُ ُ َ ِ َُ َ ِ َ َ َ َ َْ ِ َ َ
zKGf{, ªpfvf dbsuslv spZbfÌsj nQpk vfsJ, ksh dbsuslv ik´D zKhf
zdLjfvHcÙÁ lfnDslv (1
) s[sÛ zbAKf jvst kfvf db¦lfrG rsh bf ˆhQ kfYfVf
zbAfbA iK zhtìb jvst kfvf rsh nDmftQObjfvD.« (jc} 23/5-7)
nckvfQ jxdÛm SmKcb ˆj i»jfv nDmftQOb; pf mrfifi. kfYfVf zfïfrv vnCt 
pJb nfmKGAhfb pchjslvsj dhhfr jvsk htstb, kJbƒ znfmKGAhfb pchjsj svfpf
vfJfv dbslGw dlstb. pfsk spZb-kfVbfq pchjlt sjfbv™i shqfVf bf rsq pfq.
i[f§Àsv ˆsk rqskf [dBsjv spZböfl zfsY dj§Â ˆv iÇyfsk zfsY mrftfÒbf,
mrfidvkfi.
wvDqk spmb nhGiajfv hAdHyfvsj rfvfm sOfNBf jsvsY skmdb hAdHyfsvv jfY
sO]nsk, zShL spZbfyfsvv dbjehkDG rsk dbsNL ˆhQ ˆv nm²À dYla-iK há jvsk
zfslw jsvsY. jfvB, sp iK rfvfsm dbsq pfq sn isK ytfW rfvfm.
(١
) zdLjfvHcÙÁ lfnD hst ÛÁDklfnD W jfsIv pcÝhd¦lbDsj hcUfsbf rsqsY. ˆJfsb jfsuv smsq,
lfnD, Jfslmf hf yfjvfbD …sÜwA bq.

7. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  5
omA bfvD-icv¢sNv dbuGbhfn
shofbf (*
) bfvD-icv¢sNv sjfb dbuGb ²¿fsb ˆjfjD hfn, djYc [sBv ubAW stfj-
y[cv z§Àvfst, Osvv dHksv, ilGfv zfVfst ˆjfs§À zh²¿fb wvDqsk rfvfm. spsrkc
kf hAdHyfv bf rstW hAdHyfsvv dbjehkDG jsv, hAdHyfsvv HCdmjf zhkfvBfq
nrfdqjf rq. zfïfrv bhD  hstb, ªsjfb icv¢N spb sjfb bfvDv ndrk ˆjfs§À
sofisb zh²¿fb bf jsv. jfvB, wqkfb …Hsqv jcebD rq.« (dk}, dm} 3118bQ)
ˆ hAfifsv nmfsu zdLj SwdKtA idvtd[k rq slWv-HfhD W wftD-hcbfƒ-ˆv
s[sÛ. zKy ˆslv mfsUƒ dhipGq Ose zdLj. jfvB `iv syfvsj ifv zfsY , Ov
syfvsj ifv bfƒ.' kfƒ skf zfïfrv bhD  mdrtfslv is[ kfslv slWvsj mxkcAv
ndrk kctbf jsvsYb.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 3102bQ)
zkˆh slWsvv ndrk mfsqv hfdV, FfÙÁfvJfbf, zbcv™i hcbfƒ-ˆv ndrk shfsbv
hfdV, FfÙÁfvJfbf hf sjfb dhtfn-dhrfsv pfWqf-zfnf ˆj mfvfk¹j dhs±Ifvj iaKf
hf IAfwb.
klbcv™i kfslv ndrk sjfb v¢m hf ²¿fsb dbuGbkf zhtìb, hfdVv lfnD hf lfsnv
ndrk oxrjkGf hf jÛDG zKhf kfslv sYst-smsqv ndrk dbHxkhfn, hfolÙ hvjsbv
ˆjfs§À zftfi hf omb, hác-hfáhDv ˆjsÛ dbuGbhfn, dtIXse sjfb shofbf pchj-
pchkDv ˆjfs§À …Ef-bfmf, FfÙÁfv W bfsnGv ˆjfs§À syìfsv zh²¿fb, de…ev W YfÛDv
ˆjfs§À dbuGbhfn W iVfswfbf, öfmDv zhkGmfsb sjfb shofbf zfk¹Dq hf hácv ndrk
dbuGbhfn, eAfdÆsk F»fƒHfsvv ndrk hf dvÆfq dvÆfyftsjv ndrk dbuGsb omb, iDv
W mdrtf mcvDslv ˆjfs§À hfqfk W kf'tDm iaHxdk ˆjƒ ipGfsqv; pfslv mfsU
wqkfb jceXbD snsu zShL hfnbf W jfmbf ufoak jsv sjfb ifi nQOdek jvsk
syóf jsv. (vfJc} 35ix}, kfmc} 167-168 ix})
hfv¢slv dbje zfocb vfJf rst dhs±IfvB skf rskƒ ifsv. spsrkc mfbcsNv mb hV
m¦liahB ˆhQ lcdbGhfv jfmbf W hfnbf mfbcNsj zá W hdLv jsv skfst. kf YfVf
bfvDv mfsU vsqsY msbfvm jmbDqkf, smfrbDqkf ˆhQ yitkf. zfv wqkfb skf
mfbcNsj zn{ jfsu I]fdnsq dlsq zfb¦lshfL jsv Kfsj.
*
pfslv ndrk dyvksvv ubA dhhfr zShL kfslvsjƒ mfrvfm, zomA hf ˆofbf ˆhQ ˆYfVf zbAfbA njtsj
ofqv mfrvfm, omA hf shofbf htf rq.

8. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  6
zbcv™i sjfb shofbf mdrtfv nfsK dbuGsb bfmfp iVfW ShL bq. (zfdb} 1/360)
kftfjiafåf ²ÃDv dbje dbsuv n§Àfb slJsk dosq hf sjfb jfsu dosq kfv ndrk
dbuGbkfW zbcv™i. jfvB, sn zfv ²ÃD sbƒ. zfv ˆmb mdrtfv ndrk dhislv
zfwËf shwD. wqkfb kfslvsj kfslv iCshGv n¹xdkyfvB jsv I]fdnsq dlsk ifsv.
(mh} 28/270)
hxÝ-hxÝfv zfsifsn hf kfslv ndrk pchkD-pchsjv dbuGbhfn, sjfb drusv hf Jfdn
jvf bfvD-icv¢sNv zfsifsN hf kfslv ndrk pchj-pchkDv, ˆjfdLj mdrtfv ndrk
sjfb ˆjde pchj zKhf ˆjfdLj icv¢sNv ndrk ˆj mdrtfv, sjfb ncwaD djswfsvv
ndrk pchsjv dbuGbhfnW zShL. iasqfub rst ˆhQ mdrtfv mfrvfm bf ifWqf
sost sjfb mdrtfv ufmfzfsk ˆjub icv¢N sKsj nIv zfdl jvfq zsbsjv dbje
zbcmdk vsqsY. (mh} 28/245-270) iajfw sp, mdrtfv ndrk sjfb bfhftj dwwc
Kfjst dbuGbkf jfse bf.
hAdHyfv sKsj nmfusj lCsv vfJfv ubAƒ ƒntfsm bfvD-icv¢sN zhfL dmtf-dmwf,
ˆjƒ zdIsn, smsn, j¾fwv¢sm, dhsq W mvf hfdVsk, rfnifkfst, hfufsv iaHxdk
s[sÛ …Hq ufdkv ˆjsÛ umfsqk zShL. (vfJc}41-42ix})
mcndtm bfvDv dw[fv zKG ˆƒ bq sp, kfsj hV dFoaD, nc…¤y il, smfef efjfv yfjcvD
sisk rsh. kfv dw[f ufdkoEsbv ubA, nmfu oVfv ubA, mcndtm slw W idvshw
oVfv ubA pkecjc lvjfv kkecjc dwJsk ifvstƒ psKó; pdlW kf Osv hsnƒ rq.
kf YfVf ixKj oftGXn õct-jstu bf Kfjst dmwa dw[fÌsb mcndtm bfvDv dw[fq
`ut sJsk dosq Ode rfdvsq pfWqf'v Oebfƒ zdLj Ose Kfsj; sp nh dw[f-
iadkôfsb dwd[k rWqf pfq dEjƒ, dj§Â zflwG mcndtm rWqf pfq bf. bfvDv
ödbHGvwDtf rsq uDhb-pfib jvfq ohG zfsY dEjƒ, dj§Â ncJ sbƒ. iajxdkv nfsK
tsV zfïfrv zfƒbsj zhÎf jsv bfbfb dhidÙ W hfLfsj …ïQOb jsv zKG jfdmsq
öfLDbkf zfbf pfq dEjƒ; dj§Â wfd§À zfbf pfq bf. wfd§À zfsY öfmDv snfrfso, öfmDv
siam, Hfstfhfnf W zfbcoskA. idvkAÙÁf hf dbiDdVkf rst ˆhQ slJfv sj… bf
Kfjst mcndtm vfóº W nmfsu kfv jftfdkifk jvfv psKó nru …ifq zfsY.
spJfsb sbƒ snJfbjfv jKf dhvt. zhwA äDb W lcdbqfv iajxk mCtAfqb jvsk
ifvst ˆ nmnAfv nmfLfb nru rsq …Esh. pfvf ivjfstv dyvncsJ dhÇhfnD kfvf
ufodkj jsqjdlsbv ncJ-dhtfsnv ubA äDb W ƒÏk dhdtsq slsh sjb? (vfjfdb
31ix}, Jfpc}16ix})
hAdHyfsvv iadk dbjehkDG rWqfv zfv ˆj ils[i mdrtfslv ˆjfdjbD sjfKfW
hfƒsv pfWqf-zfnf. kfƒ `nc¦lvD ystsY ˆjf isK, nÌD rƒst slfN dj kfsk?' hst
hù t©ie kfslv ifïfq isV Kfsj, LNGsBv rfk rsk zsbsjƒ v[f ifq bf, ifsv bf

9. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  7
dbsusj `dvmfjG' W `denX' ˆv dwtfhxdó rsk hf]yfsk. ˆv ubAƒ skf nmfu-dhÎfbD
vnCt  hstb, ªsjfb mdrtf spb ˆofbf icv¢N YfVf ˆjfdjbD nIv bf jsv.«
ªvmBD ocå dudbn; nckvfQ pJb sn (hfdV rsk) shv rq, kJb wqkfb kfsj
icv¢sNv lxdósk vmBDq jsv slJfq.« (n}dk} 936bQ)
hAdHyfsvv jfsY pfWqfv zfv ˆj ils[i sjfb ˆmb mdrtfv dbje sjfb omA
zfk¹Dq hf zbA icv¢sNv omb pfv öfmD hkGmfsb hfdVsk sbƒ, dhslsw zfsY. jfvB
ˆmb ²ÃDv msb nfLfvBk} spZb[cLf ˆjec kcsÌ Kfsj, kfƒ dhil Oefƒ öfHfdhj. ²ÃD
hf ‰ icv¢N pkƒ ivsrpofv srfj, khcW bf. ˆ dhNsq bDdk-dhÎfbD  hstb,
ªskfmvf snƒ mdrtfslv dbje omb jsvf bf pfslv öfmDvf dhslsw zfsY. jfvB,
wqkfb skfmfslv vÙÁdwvfq iahfdrk rq.« (n}dk} 935bQ, n}ƒmf} 1779bQ)
nfrfhD (vf}) hstb, ªzfïfrv bhD  zfmfslvsj dbsNL jsvsYb sp, zfmvf spb
mdrtfslv dbje kfslv öfmDslv dhbf zbcmdksk omb bf jdv.« (n}dk} 2230bQ)
zbcv™i sjfb iajfv sn¦eX hf ifvdI…mFX dÛÁm zKhf ifWFfv hAhrfv jsv hfƒsv
icv¢Nslv n©mcsJ (ilGfv nfsK rstW) pfWqf hAdHyfsvv dbjehkGD rWqfv ˆj
HCdmjf. spsrkc pchsjv iahxdÙ ˆƒ sp, mdrtfv dbje rsk ncoá sist kfv spZb-
sykbf …sÙubfq idvBk rq. pfv ubAƒ nQõfvj bhD  hstb, ªiaskAj y[cƒ
hAdHyfvD. zfv vmBD pdl ncodá hAhrfv jsv sjfb (icv¢sNv) mudtsnv ifw dlsq
ifv rsq pfq kfrst sn ˆj shwAf.« (ndk} 2237bQ)
ˆmb dj ˆƒ zh²¿fq bfmfspv ubA spskW dbdNÝ. (nuf} 2702bQ) diaq bhD 
hstb, ªsp mdrtf sn¦eX hAhrfv jsv mndusl pfq, snƒ mdrtfv sofnt bf jvf ipG§À
sjfb bfmfp jhct rsh bf.« (nuf} 2703bQ)
sjfb omA icv¢sNv ndrk mdrtfv iaotXHkfv nfsK djQhf smfrbDq jsØ nQtfi W
jsKfijKb jvfW hAdHyfsvv dbjehkDGjfvD iKnmCsrv zbAkm dYlaiK. ˆ
dhiÏbj dhNsq nfhLfb jsv zfïfr kf'zftf mdrtfslv …sÜswA hstb, ªpdl
skfmvf zfïfrsj Hq jv ksh ivicv¢Nslv nfsK sjfmt jsØ ˆmbHfsh jKf hstf
bf, pfsk hAfdLo»²À z§Àsvv mfbcN iatcé rq.«(jc} 33/32)
ˆƒ ubAƒ ƒmfm Hct jvst icv¢N mcÙÁflDvf knhDr hst n¹vB jvfsh, zfv mdrtfvf
rfkkfdtv wsè, knhDr hstW bq! pfsk bfvDv jØösv jkj icv¢sNv msb
spZbfbcHCdk ufoak bf rsq …sE. nckvfQ bfvD-jsØv ofb kKf zw½Dt ofb sp dj, kf
v¢dywDt mfbcNslv dbje nrsu zbcsmq.
ˆmb hù rkHfoD mdrtf zfsY pfvf öfmDv ndrk jjGwösv jKf hst dj§Â sjfb
…irfsnv ifsÛv (?) ndrk smfrb-nCsv nQtfi W …irfn jsv. ˆvf dbÇyqƒ
ivjfstW rkHfoD.

10. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  8
klbcv™i shofbf bfvDv ndrk mcnfIfrf ShL bq. rfsk smfuf, l²Àfbf hf jfisVv
jHfv svsJW bq. jfmmsb rst kf rfskv hAdHyfv. (nuf} 4126bQ) jvkt sysi Lvf
ˆhQ ncvncdv slWqfW rt kfv ƒdÌk! sjfb omA bfvDv slr ±iwG, hfsn-seºsb, rfse-
hfufsv, õcst-jstsu iaHxdk s[sÛ ofsq of tfdosq ytf hf hnf, bfvD-icv¢sNv mAfy
sJtf W slJf iaHxdk ƒntfsm rfvfm. jfvB, ˆ nhocdtW zShL spZbfyfsvv nrfqj.
nmfu nQõfvj bhD  hstb, ªsjfb hAdÙÁv mfKfq stZr ncy äfvf sJ]fyf pfWqf
Hfstf, khcW sp bfvD kfv ubA zShL kfsj ±iwG jvf Hfstf bq.« (dnn} 226 bQ)
hfƒsv shv rsq vmBDv vmBDq, smfrbDq W snZ¦lpG-ohGubj yit mLcv ytbW
hAdHyfv W spZb …sÙubfv nrfqj jmG. ˆvf snƒ bfvD pfslv iansÌ bhD 
hstsYb, ªkfvf icv¢Nsj zfjxó jsv ˆhQ dbsuvfW zfjxó rq; kfvf ufrfâfmD.«
(mc}, dm} 3524bQ, Ifmc 19-20ix})
zbcv™i JeXJeX wèdhdwó ucskf dbsq yeXise ytb, slsrv ztËfv spmb ycdV,
Jc]ejfde, bcicv, skfvf iaHxdkv hfubf hfdusq tfnAmq ytbW pchsjv msb spZb-
zfs¦lftb zfsb. nckvfQ ˆ jmG sp rfvfm kf htfƒ hfùtA. zfïfr kf'zftf hstb,
ªkfvf spb kfslv sofib zfHvB iajfswv …sÜswA nsufsv ils[i bf jsv----.«
(jc} 24/31)
spmb isK ytfv nmq isKv mfsU ytf bfvDv ubA ShL bq. (dnn} 856bQ)
mdrtfslv ubA öoxsr sofntJfbf (hfKv¢m) jvf Wqfsuh (dnsms¦ev rWqf uv¢vD
bq) ˆhQ I]fjf icjcsv, blDsk, UBGfq, nmclakDsv hf nfLfvB sofntJfbfq sofnt jvf
kfslv ubA rfvfm. spsrkc nmfu-dhÎfbD bhD  hstsYb, ªsp bfvD öoxr, öfmDoxr
hf mfsqv hfdV YfVf zbA ²¿fsb dbsuv ilGf vfsJ (jfiV sJfst) zfïfr kfv ilGf W
tÏfwDtkfsj dhlDBG jsv slb. (zKhf sn dbsu jsv slq.) (nuf} 2708bQ, zfdp}139ix})
ªsp hAdÙÁ zfïfrsk W ivjfst dhÇhfn vfsJ sn spb kfv ²ÃDsj nfLfvB
sofntJfbfq spsk bf slq.« (rf}, zf}, dk}, bf}, zfdp} 139ix})
öoxr sYsV ivjDq oxsr hfn, hfáhD hf hfáhDv öfmDv hfdVsk vfdÛhfn ƒkAfdlW
dhiÏbj hAdHyfsvv dYlaiK. bhD nfïfïfù zftfƒdr znfïfm hstsYb, ªsp mdrtf
dbsuv öfmDoxr YfVf zbA oxsr dbsuv jfiV sJfst sn zfïfr zfpXpf zufïf W kfv
dbsuv mfsU ilGf dhlDBG jsv sIst.« (nuf} 2710bQ)
ˆjƒ jfvsB zisvv tÏf²¿fb (bfdH rsk r]fec ipG§À ²¿fb) slJf ˆhQ ˆjƒ
jfisV icv¢sN-icv¢sN hf mdrtfq-mdrtfq wqb jvfW dbdNÝ. (n}dk} 2243bQ)
iv icv¢sNv lxdósk mdrtfv nhGwvDv tÏf²¿fb. dhswN jsv y[c ˆmb ˆj zÌ pfv
äfvf dhidÙv nCybf rq. syfJfsyfdJ sKsj wcv¢ rq, dj§Â swN rq otfodtsk. ˆƒ sYfÕ
zÌfv ecjvf sKsjƒ nCÛifk rq nhGo»fnD hV zdo´jfsàv. lxdóv jKfƒ jdh hstb,

11. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  9
ªzf]dJ W skf zf]dJ bsr, hf]jf Ycdv sof
sj ufsb sn jfv mb jsv ycdv sof!«
siam uosk y[c jKf h'st ˆmb dhNq hcdUsq Kfsj pf dur¶f iajfw jvsk z[m.
syfsJv sjfsBƒ zfsY pflcv svJf.
ªbqbf ˆJfsb pflc ufsb nJf ˆj zf]dJ ƒwfvfq
t[ pcsov mrf-kinAf sjfKfq …dhqf pfq!«
`buvhfb' smsv zsbsj zsbjsj Ofsqt jsv Kfsj. syfvf yfrdbsk zsbsjƒ
hcdUsq Kfsj sofib iaBsqv nC[¹ ƒdÌk.
ª--sofib diaqfv ydjk yfrdb; Yt jsv slJf zbcJb,
--yit smsqv Hfstfhfnf kfv j]fjb ycdVv jbXjbX.«
nckvfQ ˆ lxdó hV nfQOfdkj dhidÙ. pfv ubAƒ zfïfrifj hstb, ªmcdmb
icv¢Nslvsj ht, kfvf spb kfslv lxdósj nQpk vfsJ (buv Ucdjsq yst) ˆhQ
kfslv spZbfÌsj nfhLfsb nQpk vfsJ; ˆdeƒ kfslv ubA …Ùm. Wvf pf jsv, zfïfr
sn dhNsq zhdrk. zfv mcdmb bfvDslvsj ht, kfvfW spb dbsuslv lxdósj nQpk
vfsJ W tÏf²¿fb nQv[f jsv---.« (jc} 24/ 30-31)
diaq bhD  hstb, ª(sjfb vmBDv …iv skfmfv lxdó iVst kfv iadk) hfvhfv
lxjXifk jsvf bf. hvQ buv nk¶v dIdvsq dbW.« (n}dk} 2228, 2229bQ) spsrkc
ªy[cW hAdHyfv jsv ˆhQ kfv hAdHyfv rt (jfm)lxdó.«(hc}, mc}, dm} 86bQ)
nckvfQ ˆ lxdósj Ydh sKsjW nQpk jvsk rsh ˆhQ ivicv¢N sKsj zfVfst vfJsk
rsh. pfsk ˆjrfsk kfdt dbÇyqƒ hfush bf. zfv ˆƒ hV dhil nxdójfvD zÌ
syfJde Kfsj syrfvfq. syfJfsyfdJ pfsk bf rq kfƒ skf bfvDv ubA uv¢vD kfv
syrfvfsjW sofib jvf.
zkA§À nJDsk¶v Jfdksv rstW dhbf ilGfq nJDsk-nJDsk lxP zfdtÌb W ˆsj
zivsj dbu dbu snZ¦lpG ialwGb jvf ShL bq. jfvB ˆsk nfLfvBk} iaskAj nJD
kfv nJDv slr-snZôh dbsuv öfmDv dbje hBGbf jvst öfmD msbv ilGfq kfv ²ÃDv ‰
nJDv dht[B v™i-lxwA dbsq msbfkxdå tfH jsv Kfsj. (n}dk} 2243bQ) rqskf hf
msbv zts[Aƒ ˆƒ icv¢N kfv r™lsqv sjfb sjfsB ‰ mdrtfv ubA zfnb sisk
slq. zfv ivhkGDsk kfsj slJfv W jfsY ifWqfv mk hfnbfW ufo»k jsv skfst.
sbfQvf iÛ-idÛjf ifE, zw½Dt dI¾m W dKsqefv-pfÛf lwGbW ˆjƒ ipGfsqv; pfsk
L¶Qn rq kv¢B-kv¢BDv ydvÛ, sbfQvf rsq …sE idvshw.
öfmD-²ÃDv dmtb-vrnA iaHxdk ufbfv ubA ndEj nmq rt dhhfsrv iv zKhf
dhhfsrv ifjf dlb rWqfv iv. bsy{ ˆv iCshG vdk hf jfmwf²Ã ifE jsv dhhfsr slvD
rst dmtbkxòf sp ipGfsq si]ZYfq kfsk dhidÙ sp sjfb nmsq Oesk ifsv.

12. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  10
jfsvf v™i, äDblfvD iaHxdkv iawQnf wcsb kfsj msb msb Hfstfshsn sItf lCNBDq
bq. kfsj sisk ShL …ifq iasqfo jvf ˆhQ dhhfr-hásb zfhÝ jsv ncsJv nQnfv
oVf …Ùm. dj§Â zShLHfsh kfsj slJf, ifWqf, kfv jKf swfbf W kfv nfdâLAtfsHv
syóf jvf zhwAƒ nDmftQOb. zShL háck¶ W iaBsq isV sedtsIfsb nQtfi W
nf[f{ iaHxdk ƒntfsm rfvfm.
pchj-pchkDv ‰ ocå Hfstfhfnf skf sjht djYc Sldrj ncJ tcefv ubA. pfv
wcv¢skW ys[ zwa¢ Usv ˆhQ swsNW. ksh wcv¢sk Usv zfb¦lfwa¢, zfv swsN …si[f
W tfÒbfv. jfvB, `jie siam tcsjfycdv, mcsJ mLc, r™sl Ycdv'ƒ zdLjfQw rq. ˆsk
kv¢BD hcUsk ifsv bf sp, siadmj kfv dbje sKsj spZbkxdå tfH j'sv kfsj dhbó
j'sv ycƒQofsmv mk dmókf ycsN dbsq swsN zfEft ilfKGdesj Y]csV sIst slsh.
ªhác sof spW Hcst-
iaHfsk sp rsh hfdn, náAfq svsJf bf sn Ict kcst.
…ihsb kh sIfse sp softfi iaHfskƒ kcdm ufdo,
ufdb, kfv jfsY pfW wcLc kfv oá-ncNmf tfdo.«
nckvfQ ˆ dhNsq nkjG rWqf …dyk mcndtm kv¢BDsj ˆhQ kfv zdHHfhjsjW.
jfvB, `hfdtv hf]L, wsEv iaDdk, ˆ lcsqv ˆjƒ vDdk.'
ilGf
hAdHyfsvv dYlaiK há jvfv zfv ˆj …ifq rt ilGf. vmBDv slr-snZôh
iajxdkokHfshƒ vmBDq. jfdmbDv v™itfhBA ˆhQ klcidv kfv zÌvfo hV jmbDq;
pf icv¢sNv jfmfbt iau¶dtk jsv. kfƒ icv¢sNv lxdóv z§Àvfst sKsj dbsuv mfb W
mpGflf v[f jvsk bfvD ufdkv iadk nxdójkGf zfïfrv ˆƒ dhLfb ˆt. ˆƒ ubAƒ
sjfb omA (pfv ndrk bfvDv sjfbW nmsq dhhfr ShL rsk ifsv ˆmb) icv¢sNv
lxdósk kfv snZ¦lpG W tfhBA iajfw jvsk ifsv bf. i[f§Àsv pfv ndrk bfvDv
sjfbW jfst dhhfr ShL bq ˆmb icv¢sNv ndrk slJf-nf[f{ jvsk ifsv. jfvB
ˆslv lxdósk jfm Kfsj bf. zfv pfslv Kfsj kfvf mfbcN bq, iwc. (jfslv ndrk
sjfbW jfst dhhfr ShL bq kfslv jKf isv zfstfdyk rsh.) zbcv™i bfvDv v™i
dhNsq zÎ hftj, spZbjfmbfrDb icv¢N ˆhQ zdLjfvHcÙÁ ÛÁDklfsnv ndrk mdrtf
slJf-nf[f{ jvsk ifsv.
ilGfv hAfifsv zfïfrv nfLfvB dbslGw}-

13. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  11
ª(sr bfvD ufdk!) skfmvf öoxsr zh²¿fb jv ˆhQ iafjX-ƒntfmD (ufsrdtqfkD)
pcsov mk dbsuslvsj ialwGb jsv shdVW bf.« (jc} 33/33)
ªsr bhD! kcdm skfmfv ²ÃD, jbAf W mcndtm vmBDoBsj ht, kfvf spb kfslv
yflsvv djqlQw dbsuslv (mcJmàstv) …iv sesb sbq. ˆsk (ÛÁDklfnD sKsj)
kfslvsj sybf nrukv rsh; Ist kfslvsj …kAÙÁ jvf rsh bf. (t©ievf
kfslvsj …kAÙÁ jvsh bf.)« (jc} 33/59)
ªmcdmb bfvDslvsj ht, kfvf spb dbsuslv lxdó nQpk jsv W tÏf²¿fb drIfpk
jsv ˆhQ pf iajfw ifq kf YfVf kfslv (zbAfbA) zfHvB ialwGb bf jsv, kfslv
oaDhf W h[slw spb mfKfv jfiV (…Vbf zKhf yflv) äfvf zfhxk jsv. (jc} 24/31)
ª(sr icv¢NoB!) skfmvf kfslv (bfvDslv) dbje rsk djYc yfƒst ilGfv z§Àvft rsk
yfƒsh. ˆ dhLfb skfmfslv ˆhQ kfslv r™lsqv ubA zdLjkv idhÛ.« (jc}33/53)
nckvfQ mcndtm bfvDv dbje ilGf}-
zfïfr W klDq vnCstv zfbcokA.
ilGf, siam W ydvsÛv idhÛkf, zbfdhtkf W db°jtËkf.
ilGf, bfvDv bfvDk¶, nkDv nkDk¶, ním W mpGflf.
ilGf, tÏfwDtkf, z§ÀmGfLcpG W nlfyfdvkf.
ilGf, mfbhv™iD wqkfsbv lxdó sKsj v[fjhy.
ilGf, ƒÏk drIfpk jsv, zShL iaBq, LNGB, zw½Dtkf W hAdHyfv lCv jsv, bfvDv
mfb W mCtA v[f jsv. dudbn lfmD W mCtAhfb rstƒ kfsj sofisb tcdjsq vfJf rq.
psÛksÛ j]fy ifWqf pfq hstƒ kfv sjfb jlv sbƒ. dj§Â jfÑb ifWqf pfq bf
hstƒ kfv hV jlv. ilGfbwDb bfvD j]fy bq; hvQ jfÑb, ncvd[k mcÙÁf.
ilGf,bfvDsjjfsIvWÛÁDklfnDsKsjhfYfƒjsvníf§ÀfmcndtmbfvDv™si dydrÁkjsv.
ilGf, zfïfrv oph W ufrfâfsmv zfocb sKsj ilGf.
bfvDslv iaLfb wÛ¢ kfv snZ¦lpG W spZhb. zfv ilGf kfv tftsjïf.
ƒntfsmv ncnHA lxdósk bfvDv ilGf W nHA sthfsnv jsqjde wkG
db©bv™i }-
1- mcndtm mdrtf sp sifwfj hAhrfv jvsh kfsk spb ilGf ifWqf pfq; zKGf{ snƒ
sifwfj spb kfv nfvf slrsj zfhxk jsv. nckvfQ sp sthfsn bfvDv sjwlfm, oaDhf,
h[slw, …lv W ixôslw (spmb, wfdV W Jfsef h½f…su) ˆhQ r]fec W ufQ (spmb,
õAfeXG, Ofovf, I¼jX ƒkAfdlsk) iajfdwk Kfsj kf (nfLfvBk} omA icv¢Nslv n©mcsJ)
idvLfb jvf rfvfm.
2- ˆƒ sthfn spb snZ¦lpGmq W lxdó-zfjNGD bf rq. nckvfQ jfmlfv (ˆmh»qFfdv
jvf) yjysj vdMb shfvjfW ivf ShL bq.

14. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  12
3- ˆmb ifktf bf rq pfsk dHksvv yfmVfv vM busv zfsn. zkˆh ifktf
wfdV, …Vbf iaHxdk mcndtm mdrtfv sF»n bq. diaq bhD  hstb, ªlcƒ swaBDv mfbcN
ufrfâfsmv zdLhfnD; pfslvsj zfdm sldJdb. (kfvf HdhNAsk zfnsh.) i»Km sw»BD
(zkAfyfvDv lt) pfslv nsÌ Kfjsh ov¢v stsuv mk yfhcj, pܶfvf kfvf stfjsj
iarfv jvsh. zfv däkDq sw»BD rt snƒ bfvDlt; pfvf jfiV skf idvLfb jvsh, dj§Â
kfvf h²Âk} …tÌ Kfjsh, pfvf icv¢Nslv zfjxó jvsh ˆhQ dbsuvfW kfslv iadk
zfjxó rsh, pfslv m²Àj (sJ]fif h]fLfv jfvsB) …]sev drst pfWqf j]csuv mk rsh.
kfvf ufâfsk iashw jvsh bf, kfv oáW ifsh bf. zKy ufâfskv ncoá ˆk ˆk
lCvhkDG ²¿fb sKsjW ifWqf pfsh.« (mc},hf},zf},dnn} 1326bQ)
4- ˆmb efƒeXdIe hf zf]e-n]fe bf rq pfsk slrfsÌv …¤ykf W bDykf ˆhQ zfjfv
W zfjxdk jfisVv …isvW hcUf pfq. kfƒ ˆmb yc²ÀX W IAfwsbv sthfn mcndtm
vmBD idvLfb jvsk ifsv bf, pfsk kfv ncsFZt ²Àbpcot, nc…¤y dbkì, nv¢ sjfmv
iaHxdkv zfjfv iajfw ifq.
efƒeXdIe ƒkAfdl sthfn sp hV dIkbf nxdójfvD W rfvfm kf dhdHâ stFDn z§ÀhGfn
sjf©ifbDv bfmƒ nf[A slq. spmb, Look me, Take me, Follow me, Buy
me, Touch me, Kiss me iaHxdk. zhwA sp mdrtfvf ˆƒ Lvsbv shstïfibf
sifwfj isv dbsuslvsj i»lwGb jsv shVfq, kfslv mbW ‰ jKfƒ hst.
5- ˆƒ sthfn spb icv¢Nslv zbcjxk hf zbcv™i bf rq. nckvfQ iAf¦e, wfeG iaHxdk
icv¢Nslv mk sifwfj sjfb mcndtm mdrtf hAhrfv jvsk ifsv bf. spsrkc
ªicv¢Nslv shwLfdvBD bfvDslv …iv zfïfrv zdHwfi Kfsj.«(hc}, dm} 4428-4429bQ)
6- klbcv™i kf spb jfsIv mdrtfslv zbcjxk hf zbcv™i bf rq.
iajfw sp, dTst mAfdÆ W swstfqfv jfmDn ˆhQ kfv …iv zö¤Y yflv hf …Vbf; pf
mfKfv sjw, h[²¿t ƒkAfdl zf¤Yfdlk jsv kf mcndtm vmBDv sthfn. sjhtmfÛ
swstfqfv jfmDn hf mAfdÆ zKhf kfv …iv hs[ W oaDhfq KfjX hf Hf]u jvf …Vbfv
sthfn jfsIv mdrtfslv. zbcv™i wfdV pdl nhGwvDvsj sTsj sbq ksh mcndtmslv;
bsy{ KfjX jsv hcsj yfifsbf Kfjst kKf sjwlfm W sie-diE iajfw jsv vfJst kf
zmcndtm mdrtfslv sthfn. zfv diaq bhD  hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ sp ufdkv zbcjvB
jvsh, sn snƒ ufdkv ltHcÙÁ.« (zflf}, nuf} 6149bQ)
7- ˆƒ sifwfj spb u]fjumj W zfVìviCBG kKf iadndÝubj bf rq. (zf}, zflf}, ƒmf}, dm} 4346bQ)
8- sthfn spb ncodák hf ncvdHk bf rq. iCshGƒ htf rsqsY sp, sp bfvD ncodá
YdVsq stfjftsq pfq, sn shwAf bfvD.
iajfw sp, bfvDslsr spZhsbv dyrÁ slJf slWqf mfÛƒ ˆƒ wskGv sifwfj ivf
Wqfsuh. (zfdp}177ix}, zfIfƒ 13-18ix}, mfmfmc} 58-59ix})

15. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  13
jfsj sjfbX zÌ slJfsbf ytsh
öfmD-²ÃDv mfsU sjfb ilGf sbƒ …Hsqƒ ˆj zisvv sifwfj. (jc} 2/287) …Hsqƒ
…Hsqv nhGfÌ slJsk ifsv. ksh nhGlf bo´ sifwfsj Kfjf …dyk bq.(Im} 54ix}, mfmc}
239ix})
mf-shefv mfsU ilGf W sofibDq sjht bfdH rsk rf]ec ipG§À.
zbAfbA dbjefk¹Dq; pfslv ndrk dyvjfstv ubA dhhfr rfvfm kfslv nfmsb ilGf
W sofibDq rt otf sKsj rf]ec ipG§À. (I…} 2/774) zhwA sjfb ydvÛrDb ˆofbf
icv¢sNv jKfq hf HfhHdÌsk zw½Dtkf W jfmHfh hcUst, mdrtf kfv dbjseW pKf
n©Hh zbAfbA zÌW ilGf jvsh. (I…} 2/850)
mdrtfv nfmsb mdrtfv ilGf bfdH sKsj rf]ec ipG§À. mdrtf jfsIv rst kfv nfmsb
rfk W syrfvf YfVf zbAfbA zÌ sJftf ShL bq. spmb, sjfb sbfQvf hAdHyfdvBD
smsqv nfmsbW dbsuv snZ¦lpG iajfw jvf …dyk bq. zbcv™i ˆmb sjfb mdrtfv
nfmsbW slrsnZôh sJftf dbdNÝ; sp kfv sjfb hác hf öfmDv dbje zbA mdrtfv
v™iyyGf jsv hst ufbf pfq hf zfwËf rq. ˆmb mdrtfv ndrk mcndtm mdrtfv
nJDk¶ hf háck¶W ShL bq. (I…} 2/841)
mf-hfsiv yfyf W mfmf, smsqv yfyf W mfmf ˆhQ mfrvfm. nckvfQ yfyfskf lfslf hf
bfbfv nfmsb ilGf otf sKsj rf]ec ipG§À. (I…} 2/771)
kftfsjv iv ƒÜk ifv rsq sost ‰ öfmD ˆƒ ²ÃDv ubA shofbf rsq pfq. nckvfQ
kfv dbjse ilGf Wqfsuh. kfv sYst slJsk ˆst sjfb zÌ ‰ icv¢Nsj slJfsh bf.
ifdtk icÛ sKsj iftdqÛD mfsqv ˆhQ iftdqkf hfi sKsj ifdtkf jbAfv ilGf
Wqfsuh. iajfw sp, ƒntfsm ˆ Lvsbv iaKfv sjfb zbcmdk sbƒ.
zbcv™i ifkfsbf Hfƒ shfb, mf-shef, hfi-shdev mfsU, iDv Hfƒ-shfb (?) dhqfƒ-
dhqfb W hácv öfmD hf ²ÃDv mfsU ilGf Wqfsuh. pdlW kfslv ydvÛ dIdvñfv mk rq
khcW slJf slWqf rfvfm. ilGf rsh zfïfrv Hsq kf]v zfbcoskAv …sÜswA. mfbcsNv
Hsq hf stfj ialwGsbv ubA bq. ˆsk mfbcsNv ydvÛ W n©mfb dhyfpG bq. nckvfQ
t©ie, bfvDhfu, ivsrpofv, smZthD nfsrh iaHxdk ilGfq njstƒ nmfb. zfïfrv
Ivp mfbsk sjfb iajfsvv stZdjjkf W nfmfdujkfv sJqft zKhf jfsvf
msbfvÓsbv sJqft dbÇyq ShL bq.
lxdórDb zá icv¢sNv nfmsb ilGf sbƒ. zhwA mdrtfsj ‰ icv¢N sKsj lxdó nQpk
jvsk rsh. (Im} 72ix})

16. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  14
ixKj mdrtf dw[f-iadkôfb bf Kfjst shilGfq sYstslv ndrk ifwfifdw hsn
dw[f oarB ShL bq. öfmD-nQnfv …sÜwA rst hfdVsk hsn dhdHâ ÎfboHG hƒ-ic²Àj
iVf ˆhQ äDb-nQnfv dwJfv dw[fƒ psKó. zbAfbA dw[fv iasqfusb pKfn©Hh
ilGfv nfsK dwJsk rsh. ilGfv syóf bf jsv oÖfdtjf iahfsr of Hfdnsq dlst
zhwAƒ smsq-zdHHfhj njstƒ ifiD rsh. (Im} 84ix})
dydj{nfv iasqfusb mdrtfv ubA FfÙÁfv sJ]fuf Wqfsuh. stFD FfÙÁfv bf sist
zKhf pKfdhdrk dydj{nf kfv dbje bf rst hfLA rsq icv¢N FfÙÁfsvv dbje spsk
ifsv. ksh wkG rt mdrtfv ndrk kfv öfmD zKhf sjfb mfrvfm Kfjsh. ˆjfdjbD
FfÙÁfv-v¢sm pfsh bf. iv§Â FfÙÁfvsj sjht snƒ zÌ slJfsh, sp zÌ slJfsbf
iasqfub. tÏf²¿fb slJstW zbAfbA zÌ slJfsbf ziasqfusb ShL rsh bf. (vfJc}
105-106ix}) mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªskfmvf zfïfrsj pKfn©Hh Hq jv.« (nfLAmk
Hq jvfv syóf jv.) (jc} 64/16)
ˆjfdjbD rstW bfmfsp zflshv sthfn uv¢vD. ˆƒ nmq sjht syrfvf W rfk
Jcst vfJf pfsh. wfdV isv hfù-sie-diE-yct shv rsq sost bfmfp rq bf. spmb,
n©mcsJ shofbf icv¢N Kfjst syrfvfW Tfjsk rsh. (djlf} 2/94)
swstfqfv-jfdmn hf mAfdÆsk bfmfp iVst yflv uv¢vD. jcvzfb wvDI iVsk dosq
mfKf Jcst sost [dk sbƒ. ˆsk WpcW bó rq bf. (Im} 37, mh} 15/284)
ªhxÝf bfvD; pfvf dhhfsrv zfwf vfsJ bf, kfvf kfslv snZ¦lpG ialwGb bf jsv pdl
hdrhfGn Jcst vfsJ kfrst kf slfsNv bq. ksh ilGfq Kfjfefƒ kfslv ubA …Ùm.«
(jc} 24/60) spsrkc jfbf shocsbv sFfotf JsÜvW hkGmfb.
ilGfq Kfjst hfdVv stfj EfÕf jvst ˆhQ sjfb iajfv zKhf nhGiajfv nrfqkf bf
jvst mdrtfv …dyk pKfn©Hh dbsu dbsu ilGf jvf. ˆ s[sÛ rft sYsV hnf ShL
bq. jt-ifqJfbf sbƒ hst Wuv oarBspfoA bq. öfmD ilGfq Kfjsk bf dlst syófv
ivW pdl ˆjf§À dbv¢ifq rsq shilGf rsk rq khcW pKfnfLA dbsusj nQpk W
zfhxk jvsh. zfïfr ˆ syófv z§Àv slJshb. pfvf nrfqkf jsv bf hf hfLf slq
kfslv ifi kfslv …iv.
i[f§Àsv shofbf icv¢N slsJ Ov Tcjst hf mcJ Tfjst pfvf rfnfrfdn jsv, hAÌ-
dhla™i jsv, jef[ rfsb zKhf znmDyDb m§ÀhA jsv hf denX mfsv, wvqD ilGf dbsq
pfvf …irfn jsv kfvf jfsIv. ˆƒ ilGfbwDb mdrtfvf jft djqfmsk ‰
…irfnjfvDslv -sj slsJ rfnsh. (vfjfdb 60ix}, Im} 76ix})
nckvfQ mcdmb bfvDv lc}J jvf …dyk bq, ˆjfdjbD rstW mb sYfe jvf nmDyDb
bq. nskAv uq zhLfdvk, zfu zKhf jft. mvsk njtsjƒ rsh, iadkIt
njstƒ ifsh.

17. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  15
`msv bf msv bf jHc nkA pfrf, wk wkfèDv dh±mxdkv kst
bfdr msv …si[fq, zimfsb rq bf yÑt, zfOfsk bf est.'
ilGfq Kfjfv ubA slWv-Hvf nQnfv sKsj ixKj rsq zftflf Ov hfdV jvfv ubA
²ÃD pdl kfv öfmDsj kfjDl jsv ksh kf öfmDv mfbf …dyk; hvQ dbsu sKsjƒ rWqf
…dyk. dhswN jsv kfv Hfƒvf pdl zn{ iajxdkv rq. ƒntfsm ˆef uv¢vD bq sp,
dyvdlb Hfƒ-Hfƒ dmst ˆjƒ nQnfsv Kfjsk rsh. pf uv¢vD kf rt, zfïfrv äDb
dbsuslv uDhb W idvshsw jfsqm jvf, zfsifsN ëfkxk¶-shfL W nrfqkf-nrfbcHCdk
vfJf. njst dmst dikf-mfkfv pKfnfLA snhf jvf. dj§Â rfqsv! zfïfrsk siam W
dhsäN jvsk dosq mfbcsNv mfsU mfbcNsj lcwmb rsk rq. rfvfsk rq ˆjf§À
zfibsj. spsrkc, zfïfrv sysq zdLj zfib zfv sj?
ilfG dbsuv jfsY bq. sjfb ƒ]lcv dbsuv syfJ há jsv pdl msb jsv sp, sn nm²À
dhVft sKsj dbvfil ksh ˆ kfv shfjfmD bq dj? sk]kct slsJ mcsJ ifdb zfnf
mfbcsNv ˆj iajxdkok lclGm öHfh. zbcv™i bfvDv snZ¦lpG slsJ hlXsJqft W jcdy§Àf
zfnfW mfbcsNv ubA öfHfdhj. zkˆh rfk, syfJ W mcsJv nfmsb sk]kct Kfjst,
sk]kcstv ej oá bfsj ˆsn iashw jvst dush ifdb zfnfsj sj… dj v¢jsk
ifvsh? ilGf bf jsv dj jfmstftcikf W hAdHyfsvv dYlaiK há jvf n©Hh?
bfvDv smfrbDqkf, jmbDqkf W msbfrfdvk¶ tcdjsq Kfsj kfv tÏfwDtkfq. diaq
bhD  hstb, ªzw½Dtkf hf dbtGÏkf sp dhNsq Kfsj, sn dhNqsj kf snZ¦lpGrDb
jsv sIst; i[f§Àsv tÏfwDtkf sp dhNsq Kfsj, sn dhNqsj kf snZ¦lpGmq W
msbfrv jsv skfst.« (n}dk} 1607bQ, ƒmf})
nHA sthfsnv ilGf sKsj shv rWqf bfvD-öfLDbkfv pcso ilGf hV dhvt. ˆv mCt
jfvB rt tÏfrDbkf. sjbbf, tÏfwDtkf bfvDv HCNB. HCNB rfdvsq bfvD kfv
hnbW rfdvsqsY. äDbD nQpm sbƒ bfvD W kfv zdHHfhsjv msb. iv§Â nQpsmv
háb ˆjhfv dhd¤Yâ rsq sost …Üfm-…¤Yx£Jtkf hbAfv mk iahfdrk rq. kfsk
nQõfv, dw[f, ydvÛ, nhƒ zbfqfsn sHsn pfq. swsN tÏfW zfv Kfsj bf. hvQ ˆƒ
tÏfrDbkfƒ ˆj bkcb `IAfwb' v™si `nHA' W `zfstfj iafå' bfsm ncidvdydk
tfH jsv. nkAƒ skf, hot-jfef h½f…u W Yf]ef yct bf rst dj nHA bfvD rWqf pfq?
zfLf h[}²¿t, H]cdVv H]fu W ufQ i»Hxdk sofib zsÌ dlsbv zfstf bf sist dj
`zfstfj i»fåf' rWqf pfq?!
htfƒ hfùtA sp, mcndtm bfvD-dw[fv `ncshr nfslj' yfq, bfvD-slsrv bq. mcndtm
bfvD-dhsäND bq, bfvD-dw[fv lcwmbW bq. mcndtm shilGf kKf zw½Dtkf W
hAdHyfsvv lcwmb. dw[f, iaodk, Sbdkjkf kKf ilGf nhƒ mcndtsmv jfmA. zfv ilGf
iaodkv iK zhsvfL jvsk yfq bf; yfq shstïfibf W bo´kfv iK v¢Ý jvsk.

18. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  16
i[f§Àsv ilGfrDbkf; zfïfr W kf]v vnCstv zhfLAkf.
ilGfrDbkf; bo´kf, znHAkf, zw½Dtkf, tÏfrDbkf, „NGfrDbkf W Lxókf.
ilGfrDbkf; nfQnfdvj zwfd§À, LNGB, zirvB, hAdHyfv iaHxdkv dYûiK.
ilGfrDbkf; spZb …sÙubfv nrfqj. mfbhv™iD wqkfbslv y[cwDktjfvD.
ilGfrDbkf; lc°jxkDslv bqbfdHvfm.
ilGfrDbkf; sjht LmGDq wx£Jt sKsj bfvD-öfLDbkf bq, hvQ nHA idv¤Yslv
sOvfsefi sKsj bfvDv snZ¦lpG iajfw W slrmcdÙÁv bfmf§Àv.
ilGfrDbkf; djqfmskv jfdtmf W zájfv.
ilGfrDbkf; dhufkDq ƒhtDnD W ufsrdtqfdk iaKf. hvQ nHA pcsov ˆƒ bo´kf
slsJ ufsrdtqfskv ilGfrDbfvfW tÏf ifsh.
shilGfv ubA ufrfâfsmv zfocb sKsj sjfb ilGf sbƒ.
bfvDv v™imfLcvD W snZ¦lpGtfhBA bfvDv ohG. kfv ˆ v™i-spZhb nxdó rsqsY ˆjmfÛ
sjht kfv öfmDv ubA. öfmDsj sn v™i …irfv bf dlsk ifvst sjfb mCtAƒ Kfsj bf
bfvDv. ˆƒ v™i-spZhb öfmDsj …irfv dlsq jk sp zfb¦l, sn skf bfvDvfƒ ufsb.
nc¦lv zsÌv …iv zÌvfo dlsq zfsvf msbfrfvD W stfHbDq jsv öfmDsj …irfv
dlsq …Hsqƒ ivmfb¦l W iajxk lf©ikA-ncJ tcesk ifsv ifdKGh nQnfsv.
nckvfQ zÌ pfv ubA dbshdlk zÌvfoW kfv ubAƒ dbdlGó. öfmD hAkDk zbA
jfsvf ubA zÌnÏf jvf W kf ialwGb jvf ShL bq.
pcsov kfst kfst bfvDslv zÌvfo, smjzfi W ianfLb-nfmoaD zdkwq shsV
…sEsY. pfv rftft W rfvfm rWqfv jdóifKv rt ˆƒ sp, ‰ ianfLbûhA hAhrfsv
spb zsÌv hf k¶sjv sjfb [dk bf rq. ‰ ûshA spb sjfb i»jfv zShL hf zidhÛ
h²Â dmdwak bf Kfsj, kf spb dhufkDq mdrtfslv ShdwóA bf rq. (spmb dn¦lcv, dei
iaHxdk) ˆhQ kf spb shofbfv nfmsb iajfw bf ifq. (I…} 2/771)
nckvfQ wvDqskv nDmfv mfsU sKsj bfvD sp sjfb ianfLb sjht öfmDv mb
zfjNGsBv ubA hAhrfv jvsk ifsv. idvLfb jvsk ifsv sp sjfb sifwfj kfv
nfmsb, sjht kfsjƒ Hfstf tfofsbfv ubA. ˆƒ nfu-nÏfskW tcdjsq Kfsj
Hfstfhfnfv vrnA. i[f§Àsv ²ÃD pdl öfmDv ubA zÌnÏf bf jsv; iv§Â hfƒsv sost
hf zfv jfsvf ubA ianfLb jsv, ksh dbÇyqƒ sn bfvD siam-iajxdkv dhsvfLD. bsy{ sn
ianfLb W zÌnÏf

19. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  17
öfmDv siam W lxdó zfjNGBsj uv¢vD Hfsh bf. - ˆmb bfvD rkHfoD Sh dj? sn ufsb
bf sp, kfv dbsuv slfsN öfmD zbAfnÙÁ rsq iVsh.
efƒeXdIe ycñX sifwfj sjht öfmDv lxdó zfjNGsBv …sÜswA hfdVv dHkv idvLfb
ShL. zhwA sjfb ˆofbf W mdrtfv nfmsb, ˆmb dj dikf-mfkf hf sYst-smsqslv
nfmsbW hAhrfv …dyk bq. (I…} 2/825)
sjht öfmDv lxdó zfjNGsBv ubA h»f hAhrfv ShL. zsbAv ubA sLfjfv …sÜswA kf
zShL. (Imfmc} 1/470)
sp sifwfsj zKhf ztËfsv sjfb iajfsvv mfbcN hf uDh-u§Âv Ydh zdËk Kfsj kf
hAhrfv jvf ShL bq. spsrkc ƒntfm Ydh W mCdkGv sOfv dhsvfLD. (Iƒu} 40ix})
sp sthfn hf ztËfsv ÛÁcw, w£J, niG hf zbAfbA sjfb dhufkDq LmGDq i»kDj dydÛk
Kfsj mcndtsmv ubA kfW hAhrfv jvf ShL bq. (Ifmcdb} 7ix})
db… smfsFt hf IAfwsbv idv¤Yl hAhrfv kJbƒ ShL, pJb kf ilGfv jfu slsh
ˆhQ kfsk sjfb drsvf-drsvfƒb hf jfsIvslv zbcjvB rsh bf. (Ifmcdb} 12ix})
õAfeG-h½f…u hf õAfeG-sodÓ mcndtm mdrtfv sF»n bq. hfdVsk ˆofbfv nfmsb snƒ
sF»n ivf …dyk; pfsk otf sKsj ifsqv o]fe ipG§À ilGfq Kfsj. zfv (dhbf shfvjfq)
shofbfv nfmsb W hfƒsv sost skf db}ns¦lsr kf ivf rfvfm. (Ifmcdb} 21ix})
iAf¦e-wfeG mcndtmslv sF»n bq. djYc wskGv nfsK ivf ShL rstW mdrtfvf kf
hAhrfv jvsk ifsv bf; pdlW kf dTstTftf rq ˆhQ efƒedIe bf rq. ˆƒ ubA sp,
kf rt icv¢Nslv sF»n. zfv icv¢sNv shwLfdvBD bfvD zdHwåf. (Ifmcdb} 30-31ix})
sjwdhbAfsn mdrtfv dn]dK rsh mfKfv mfsU. ˆƒ zHAfsnv dhsvfdLkf jsv sn mfKfv
ˆj nfƒsF dn]dK jvsk ifsv bf.(I…}2/827) nfLfvBk} ˆ IAfwb äDblfv mdrtfslv bq.
shBD hf y]cde so]sK mfKf h]fLfƒ …Ùm. sJ]fif hf stfeb mfKfv …isv h]fLf zShL.
diYb dlsj OfsVv …iv pdl jfisVv …iv kfv …¤ykf W zfjfv busv zfsn ksh
kfW ShL bq. mdrtfv yct shwD hf tìf zfsY -ˆjKf spb ivicv¢sN zf¦lfu bf
jvsk ifsv. spsrkc bfvDv ncsjw ˆj snZ¦lpG; pf sjfb iajfsv shofbfv nfmsb iajfw
jvf rfvfm. (I…} 2/830, Im} 94ix})
diaq bhD  hstb, ªzfmfv swN pfmfbfv …©mskv msLA djYc ˆmb stfj rsh pfvf
Osvv mk dubX (smfev ofdV)sk nWqfv rsq mnduslv lvufq lvufq bfmsh. (ofdV
jsv bfmfp iVsk zfnsh.) zfv kfslv mdrtfvf rsh zLGbo´f; pfslv mfKf jxw …]sev
jc]suv mk (sJ]fif) rsh. skfmvf kfslvsj zdHwfi jsvf. jfvB, kfvf zdHwåf!«
(mczf} 2/223, ƒdr}, k¶fhf}, dnn} 2683bQ)
ˆ HdhNA{hfBD sp jk nkA kf htfv zsi[f vfsJ bf!

20. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  18
mfKfv Usv-ivf-sjw mfdesk i]csk sItf …Ùm. spsrkc dhswN jsv mdrtfv yct
…sïJspfoA lDOG rst kf pchjslv mb jfsV. iv§Â ‰ yct dbsq pflcW jvf pfq. kfƒ
spJfsb-snJfsb bf sItfƒ …dyk. (Im}99ix})
mdrtfv yct W sjwlfm zmCtA n©il, kf dhÛÁq jvf ShL bq.
mdrtfvf ycst sJpfh hf jtI hAhrfv jvsk ifsv. ksh jfstf vsMv jtI hAhrfv
rfvfm. hflfmD, snfbftD, tftsy iaHxdk jtI dlsq vMfsk ifsv. ksh kfsk spb
sjfb drsvfƒb hf jfsIv bfvDv zbcjvB hf shwLfvB …sÜwA bf rq.(Ifmcdb}25ix},kfmc}30ix})
snZ¦lspGv ubA nfmsbv djYc yct Y]fef zShL bq. ksh sjfb drsvfƒb hf jfsIv
mdrtfslv zbcjvB jsv kfslv mk zKhf icv¢Nslv mk jsv sY]se `nfLbf-jfe', hf
`drdæ-jfe' ƒkAfdl rfvfm. (I…} 2/826-831, Im} 107-111ix})
kfYfVf nclDOG sjwlfm ncsjdwbDv ˆj msbfstfHf snZ¦lpG, pf sY]se bó bf jvfƒ
…Ùm. (Imfmc} 2/512-515)
öfmDv lxdó zfjNGsBv …sÜswA - zsKGv ziyq bf rst - smdwb äfvf yct j]cyjfsbf
hf KfjXKfjX jvf ShL. (I…} 2/829) ksh kf sjfb icv¢N sntcsb zhwAƒ bq. mdrtf
sntcsb mdrtfv dbje ˆnh ShL. ksh ocåfsÌv stfm zfdl (ShÎfdbj iÝdksk)
idv°jfv jvsk sjfb mdrtfv jfsYW tÏf²¿fb sJftf ShL bq. (Ifmcdb} 13ix}, vfJc} 103ix})
jxdÛm yct hf ivyctf (sesnt) zfdl sjw shwD slJfhfv …sÜswA hAhrfv rfvfm,
öfmD yfƒstW kf mfKfq tfofsbf pfsh bf. diaq bhD  hstb, ªsp bfvD kfv mfKfq
ˆmb yct hfVdk tfofq pf kfv mfKfv bq, sn kfv mfKfq ufdtqfdk nQspfo jsv.«
(nuf} 2705bQ)
sp smsqvf mfKfq ivyctf tfdosq hV sJ]fif ialwGb jsv zfïfr vnCt  kfslv
…iv zdHn©ifk jsvsYb. (nuf} 5104bQ, I…} 2/829)
zhwA sjfb mdrtfv mfKfq pdl zfslZ yct bf Kfsj ksh ‰ Û¢de Tfjfv ubA kfv
is[ ivyctf hAhrfv ShL. (I…} 2/836, Im} 83ix})
ë™ sy]sY nv¢ yf]slv mk jsv snZ¦lpG zfbqb ShL bq. öfmD yfƒstW bq. spsrkc ë™
sY]Vf hf yf]Yfsk zfïfrv nxdósk idvhkGb jvf rq; pfsk k]fv zbcmdk sbƒ. kfYfVf
bhD  ˆmb smsqslvsjW zdHwfi jsvsYb. (nuf} 5104bQ, Im} 72,94ix}) zbcv™i
jift sy]sYW snZ¦lpG zfbf zShL. (dnn} 6/692)
mdrtfv ofst hf Wsôv …isv icv¢sNv lfdV-smfsyv mk lc-ˆjef hf kskfdLj stfm
Kfjst kf kcst sItfq slfN sbƒ. jfvB, dhjxk zsÌ öfHfdhj zfjxdk W waD dIdvsq
zfbsk wvDqskv zbcmdk zfsY. (I…} 2/832, Im} 94ix})
bfj IcdVsq kfsk sjfb ztËfv hAhrfv ShL. (Im} 82ix})

21. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  19
slso mcsJ-rfsk bÆf jvf ShL bq. ˆv™i slso bÆf sp hfdbsq slq ˆhQ pfv ubA
hfbfsbf rq …Hqsjƒ bhD  zdHn©ifk jsvsYb. (nuf} 5104bQ, kfmc} 29ix})
öfmDv lxdó W mb zfjNGsbv ubA sE]fe-ifdtw, oft-ifdtw iaHxdk zÌvfo hAhrfv
ShL; pdl kfsk sjfb iajfv rfvfm hf [dkjv ilfKG dmdwak bf Kfsj. (I…} 2/829)
lf]k OsN If]j-I]fj jsv dyvbl]fkDv v™i zfbf ShL bq. ˆmb bfvDW bhD  ˆv
mcsJ zdHwåf. (n}uf} 5104bQ, zfdp} 203ix})
zhwA sjfb l]fk zöfHfdhj W zswfHbDq v™si hf]jf hf zdkdvÙÁ (jcjcvl]fk)
Kfjst kf dnLf jvf hf kcst sItf ShL. (kfmc} 28ix}, Im} 94ix})
bJ sjse sItf mfbcsNv ˆj iajxdkok vDdk. iadk nåfsr ˆjhfv bf ifvstW
40dlsbv dHkv sjse sItsk rq. (mc}, zflf}, bf}, dk}, zfdp} 206ix}) dj§Â ˆƒ iajxdkv
dhivDk jsv jkj mdrtf bJ tìf jvfq snZ¦lpG zfsY msb jsv. dbYj ifÇyfskAv
mdrtfslv zbcjvsB znHA tìf Lfvfstf bsJ bJ-ifdtw tfdosq hbA nc¦lvD nfsu.
dj§Â ªsp hAdÙÁ sp ufdkv zbcjvB jsv sn snƒ ufdkv ltHcÙÁ.« (zflf, zf}, zfdp} 205ix})
bsJ bJifdtw hAhrfv zShL bq, ksh Wpcv iCshG kcst sItsk rsh. bsy{ Wpc
rsh bf. (vfJc} 101ix}) zhwA ˆv ubA …Ùm nmq rt mfdnsjv jsqj dlb. ksh
sofnstv iCshG zhwAƒ kcst sItsk rsh.
mdrtfslv ycst, rfsk W ifsq smsr¦lD hAhrfv mfdnjfh²¿fskW ShL. hvQ
mdrtfslv bJ nhGlf smsr¦lD äfvf vdÌsq vfJfƒ …Ùm. (zflf}, dm} 4467bQ) ˆsk ˆhQ
zbcv™i zftkfsk ifdb zfejfq bf. nckvfQ bf kcst Wpc-sofnt rsq pfsh. (Im} 26ix})
vM hAhrfv icv¢Nslv ubA ShL bq. zhwA yct-lfdVsk jtI tfofsk ifsv; ksh
jfstf vQ bq.
ifsq bcicv ivf ShL pdl kfsk hfubf bf Kfsj. hfubf Kfjst hfƒsv pfWqf zKhf
shofbfv nfmsb wè jsv ytf rfvfm. sjht öfmD hf ˆofbfv nfmsb hfubflfv bcicv
hf skfVf zfdl hAhrfv slfsNv bq. (Im} 80ix})
zdkdvÙÁ …]yc nv¢ drt-skftf uckf hAhrfv ShL bq. jfvB ˆsk bfvDv ytsb ˆmb
HdÌ nxdó rq pf lxdó-zfjNGD; pfsk icv¢N iatcé rq. kfYfVf ˆsk zfYfV sJsq
dhiloa²À hf tfdÒkf rWqfv zfwËfW Kfsj. (vfJc} 86ix})
öfmDv ubA dbsusj nhGlf ncvdHkf jsv vfJfq bfvDsk¶v ˆj zfb¦l zfsY.
Hfstfhfnfq pfsk OcB bf Lsv; hvQ kf pfsk ofP sKsj ofPkv rq sn syóf öfmD-²ÃDv
…Hqsjƒ vfJf …dyk. ksh mdrtf sjfb sn¦eX hf sn¦eXufkDq ianfLb hAhrfv j'sv
hfƒsv shofbfv nfmsb spsk ifsv bf. jfvB, kfv dbje sKsj sn¦eX spmb öfmDv mb
W LAfb zfjNGB j'sv ncå spZbhfnbf ufo»k jsv, jfmfbt iau¶fdtk jsv dEj
skmdbƒ ivicv¢sNv mb, LAfb, spZhb iaHxdk zfjxó rq. kfƒ skf pfvf sn¦eX hAhrfv

22. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  20
jsv hfƒsv shofbf icv¢sNv nfmsb pfq kfslvsj wvDqsk `shwAf' htf rsqsY. (dm}
1065bQ)
ˆJfsb sJqft vfJfv dhNq sp, sns¦e spb sjfrt hf d±idve dmdwak bf Kfsj; Kfjst
kf hAhrfv (zsbsjv dbje) ShL bq. (mh} 20/185, Iƒ} 1/203)
sjfb dhjxk zsÌ snZ¦lpG zfbqsbv ubA zifsvwb ShL. dj§Â Û¢derDb zsÌ
zdLj snZ¦lpG zfbqsbv …sÜswA zs²Ãfiyfv jvf ShL bq. (Im} 92ix}) i[f§Àsv
zdkdvÙÁ zfÌct hf mfQn rfsk hf slsrv sjfb zsÌ tesj Kfjst kf sjse sItf
ShL. (pDmfbc} 122 ix})
sjfb zfdÌj Û¢de Tfjfv ubA jxdÛm zÌ hAhrfv lCNBDq bq. spmb, snfbfv
h]fLfsbf bfj, l]fk ƒkAfdl hAhrfv jvf pfq. (I…} 2/833)
nkjGkfv dhNq sp, ztËfv W sifwfj-idv¤Yl dbsq mdrtfmrst mdrtfslv
zfsifsn ohG jvf ˆhQ lxdó zfjNGsBv ubA [sB [sB `sF»n syÓX' jvf hf ztËfv
hlst ivf hf Fht nfqf ƒkAfdl ivf Hfstf smsqv t[B bq. ohG ˆmb ˆj jmG pfsk
mfbcN stfjys[ JhG rsq pfq. diaq bhD  hstb, ªpf ƒ¤Yf JfW-iv, ksh spb lc'de
dudbn bf Kfsj; ziyq W ohG.«(hc})
zfïfr kfzftf nc¦lv. dkdb snZ¦lpG W idv¤Yâkf iY¦l jsvb. dj§Â ˆsk nmq W
zsKGv ziyq jvf ShL bq. jfvB, dkdb zihAqjfvDsj iY¦l jsvb bf. iv§Â
zihAqjfvDvf wqkfsbv Hfƒ-shfb.
i[f§Àsv, Icstv snZvH W v™siv soZvh KfsjW bf shwD dlb.
`snZ¦lpG-odhGkf Wsof vfbD!
skfmfv ˆ jmbDq vmA slrJfdb,
ˆƒ kh spZhsbv zfb¦l hfrfv
ufb dj sof, bsr kf skfmfv?'
ˆj hxÝfv mcJmàst ŠÏ¶tA slsJ ˆjub mdrtf kfsj iaw´ jvt, skfmfv syrfvfq
ˆ hxÝ hqsnW tfhBA IcesY, v™i spb ˆJsbf pchkDv mkƒ zfsY. kcdm sjfbX dÛÁm
hAhrfv jv sof?
hxÝf nrfsnA htt, lcƒ sE]fse hAhrfv jdv nkAhfdlkfv dtidój, syfsJ hAhrfv
jdv (rfvfm sKsj) zhbk lxdóv jfut, mcJmàst hAhrfv jdv ilGfv dÛÁm W
sofibDqkfv ifWFfv, rfsk hAhrfv jdv isvfijfdvkfv sHutDb, slsr hAhrfv
jdv ƒhflskv skt, z§Àsv hAhrfv jdv zfïfrv siam, md²Às°j hAhrfv jdv iaÎf,
zfk¹fq hAhrfv jdv zfbcokA ˆhQ iahxdÙv ubA hAhrfv jdv „mfb.
nkAƒ dj zmCtA dÛÁmƒ bf hAhrfv jsv hxÝf. kfƒ skf kfv syrfvfq „mfbD tfhBA
W suAfdk.

23. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  21
dhhfsrv iasqfubDqkf
mfbcN iajxdkokHfsh nmfuhÝ rsq hfn jvsk zHA²À. ˆjfjD hfn kfv öHfh-
dnÝ bq. kfƒ iasqfub isV ndÌbDv W djYc nfKDv; pfvf rsh ˆjf§À zfib. dhhfr
mfbcNsj ˆmb nfKD lfb jsv.
mfbcN nQnfsv öqQn©iCBG bq. dhhfr mfbcNsj lfb jsv hù zfk¹Dq-öub, hù nrfq
W nryv.
mfbcsNv iajxdksk sp spZb-[cLf zfsY, kf lCv jvfv ShL W ncwx£Jt hAh²¿f rt
dhhfr.
dhhfr mfbcNsj nc¦lv ydvÛ lfb jsv, zShL lxdó sKsj y[csj nQpk vfsJ,
tÏf²¿fb nQv[B jsv.
dhhfsrv mfLAsm zfdhHGfh rq mcndtm iaus¦mv. ˆsk rq hQw hxdÝ, vnCt  ˆv
…©mk hxdÝ.
ixdKhD zfhfl vfJfv ndEj W ncwx£Jt ShL hAh²¿f dhhfr. dhhfr zfsb msb wfd§À,
r™lsq d²¿vkf, ydvsÛ idhÛkf, uDhsb ivm ncJ. hQsw zfsb zfdHufkA,
zbfdhtkf. bfvD-icv¢Nsj jsv dyvsiasm zfhÝ. lfb jsv ˆmb ncJmq lf©ikA,
pfsk Kfsj kAfo W dkdk[f, waÝf, siam, sn´r W …{noG .
zfïfr kfzftf hstb,
zKGf{, kf]v dblwGbfhtDv msLA zfv ˆjde dblwGb ˆƒ sp, dkdb skfmfslv mLA
rskƒ skfmfslv ndÌbDslvsj nxdó jsvsYb; pfsk skfmvf Wslv dbje wfd§À ifW
ˆhQ skfmfslv msLA ifv±idvj Hfstfhfnf W sn´r nxdó jsvsYb. dy§ÀfwDt
n©i»lfsqv ubA ˆsk zhwAƒ dblwGb vsqsY. (jc} 30/21)
ƒntfsm ShvfsoAv sjfb ²¿fb sbƒ.
ªShvfoA nfLsb mcdÙÁ sn zfmfv bq,
znQJA háb mfsU mrfb¦lmq
tdHh mcdÙÁv öfl----.«
ˆƒ rt mcndtsmv uDhb. kfƒ skf dhhfr jvf iaskAj bhDv ncâk W kvDjf. dhhfr
jvf ˆj ƒhflk. ²ÃD-nÌm jvf nljfrXkctA. (mc} 1006bQ) spsrkc ˆƒ idvBsq
mcndtsmv dhswN …sÜwA Kfsj dbsusj hAdHyfv sKsj v[f jvf, ²ÃDv zdLjfv zflfq

24. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  22
jvf ˆhQ kfsjW hAdHyfsvv rfk rsk v[f jvf, sbj n§Àfb zfwf jvf, zShL lxdó,
dy§Àf iaHxdk sKsj dbsusj lCsv vfJf. diaq bhD  hstb, ªmcndtm pJb dhhfr jsv
kJb sn kfv zsLGj „mfb iCBG jsv, zkˆh hfjD zsLGjfQsw sn spb zfïfrsj Hq
jsv.«(nuf} 6148bQ)
hAdHyfv sKsj hf]yfv ubA W idhÛ uDhb oEsbv …sÜswA dhhfr jvst lf©iskA
zfïfrv nfrfpA zfsn. (nuf} 3050bQ, dm} 3089bQ)
zfïfr kfzftf hstb, ªskfmfslv msLA pfvf zdhhfdrk kfslv dhhfr n©iflb jv
ˆhQ skfmfslv lfn-lfnDslv msLA pfvf n{ kfslvW. kfvf zHfhoa²À rst zfïfr
dbu zbcoasr kfslvsj zHfhmcÙÁ jsv slshb. zfïfr skf iafycpGmq, nhGÎ. (jc} 24/32)
uolXÈv¢ mcrf©mfl  hstb, ªsr pchjlt! skfmfslv msLA sp hAdÙÁ (dhhfsrv
zKGf{ ²ÃDv HvBsifNB W vdkdÛÁqfv) nfmKGA vfsJ sn spb dhhfr jsv. jfvB, dhhfr
y[csj l²Âvmk nQpk jsv ˆhQ tÏf²¿fb drIfpk jsv. zfv sp hAdÙÁ ‰ nfmKGA
vfsJ bf sn spb svfpf vfsJ. jfvB, kf spZsbd¦ûq lmbjfvD.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 3080bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªdhhfr jvf zfmfv ncâk (kvDjf). nckvfQ sp hAdÙÁ zfmfv
ncâk (kvDjf) zbcpfqD zfmt jsv bf, sn zfmfv ltHcÙÁ bq.« (ƒmf} 1846bQ)
nckvfQ dhsqv hqn rst, spZb-diifnfq zdkô rst ˆhQ dbsuv …iv hAdHyfsvv
zKhf ocå zHAfsn öf²¿A HfÌfv zfwËf rst dhtì bf jsv pchsjv dhhfr jvf Wqfsuh.
hfdVv stfsjv …dyk, ˆsk kfsj nrfqkf jvf ˆhQ `sYfe' hf `iVsY' hst dhhfsr hfLf
bf slWqf. spmb iCshG zfsvf zdhhfdrk Hfƒ hf shfb Kfjst ˆhQ kfslv dhsqv hAh²¿f hf
ƒ¤Yf bf rst ˆƒ pchjsj dhhfsr hfLf slWqfv zdLjfv dikf-mfkfv hf zfv jfsvf sbƒ.
zfïfrv zfbcoskA Èv¢usbv zfbcokA Wqfsuh. spJfsb zfïfrv zhfLAkfv Hq W
zfwËf rsh, snJfsb zfv jfsvf zfbcokA sbƒ. hvQ ˆƒ nh s[sÛ dhswN jsv `mbmk
iB' bf ifWqfv ubA dhsq bf dlst mf-hfsiv zfbcokA rfvfm. nckvfQ pchsjv …dyk,
pKfnmsq dhbf isB mf-hfi vfuD bf rstW vfuD jvsk syóf jsv dhhfr jvf. bsy{ kfv
zdHHfhj zfïfr.
zsbj nmq äDblfv-ivsruofv idvshswv icBAmqD ncwDtf kv¢BDv ndrk dhhfsr mf-
hfi dbuö sjfb öfsKG vfuD rq bf. zKhf ˆmb ifÛD dlsk yfq; sp äDblfv bq. äDblfv
pchsjv ˆ s[sÛW mf-hfsiv jKf bf mfbf äDblfvD. (dbwf 3/42ix}, Im} 56ix})
Shhfdrj uDhb lc-ˆjdlsbv nIv bq; pfsk lc-ˆjdlb iv nruHfsh nÌD idvhkGb
jvf pfsh. nckvfQ ˆJfsb sYst-smsq njstvƒ hcUfiVf W iYs¦lv zdLjfv zfsY.
i[f§Àsv äDb YfVf zbA öfsKG sYst pdl mf-hfsiv jKf bf smsb kfslvsj bfvfu jsv
dhhfr jsv, ksh ˆmb sYst dbÇyqƒ zhfLA. zhfLA mfkf-dikfv ˆhQ zhfLA zfïfr W
kf]v vnCstv. ˆ dhNsq zfsvf djYc zfstfybf zfnsh `dhhfr ia²Àfh W kfv wkGfhtD'sk.

25. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  23
zShL dhhfr
dhhfr-hásb zfhÝ rsq bfvD-icv¢N ShLHfsh spZbncJ …isHfo jvsk ifsv. dj§Â
sjfbX icv¢N bfvDv ubA ShL ˆhQ sjfbX bfvD icv¢sNv ubA zShL hf zomAf kfv
dh²Àfdvk dhLfb vsqsY ƒntfsm. (jc}4/23) zShL bfvDsj zKhf zShL dbqsm dhhfr
jsv nQnfv jvst hAdHyfv jvf rq.
ˆmb jkjÈdt jfvB vsqsY pfv jfvsB bfvD-icv¢sNv zfsifsn sjfb nmsq dhhfr
ShL bq.
iaKm jfvB, vsÙÁv n©ijG }-
bfvD-icv¢sNv mfsU vsÙÁv n©ijG Kfjst spsrkc ˆj zisvv zQw oBA rq kfƒ
kfslv zfsifsn dhhfr rfvfm. ˆvf rt;
1- icv¢sNv is[; kfv mf, lflD, bfbD ˆhQ bfvDv is[; kfv hfi, lfslf W bfbf.
2- icv¢sNv is[; kfv jbAf (sheD) ˆhQ bfdkb W icdkb, zfv bfvDv is[; kfv
icÛ (sYst) ˆhQ bfdk W sifkf.
3- icv¢sNv is[; kfv (nsrflvf, ShdisÛqD W ShmfsÛqD) shfb, hcbdU, HfƒdU W
kfslv smsq, Hfƒsif W hcbsifv smsq. zfv bfvDv is[; kfv (nsrflv, ShdisÛq hf
ShmfsÛq) Hfƒ, Hfƒsif, hcbsif W kfslv sYst ˆhQ HfƒdU W hcbdUv sYst.
4- icv¢sNv is[; kfv IcIc (hfsiv nsrflvf, ShdisÛqD hf ShmfsÛqD shfb) ˆhQ
bfvDv is[; kfv yfyf (hfsiv nsrflv, ShdisÛq hf ShmfsÛq Hfƒ).
5- icv¢sNv is[; kfv Jftf (mfsqv nsrflvf, ShdisÛqD hf ShmfsÛqD shfb) ˆhQ
bfvDv is[; kfv mfmf (mfsqv nsrflv, ShdisÛq hf ShmfsÛq Hfƒ).
iajfw sp, n{ mfsqv shfb (n{ Jftf) icv¢sNv ubA ˆhQ n{ mfsqv Hfƒ (n{ mfmf)
bfvDv ubA rfvfm hf mfrvfm bq. ˆslv zfsifsn dhhfr ShL.
6- icv¢sNv is[; kfv hfi-mfsqv Jftf hf IcIc ˆhQ bfvDv is[ kfv hfi-mfsqv
yfyf hf mfmf zShL. (mh} 9/73)
iajfw sp, icvsNv ubA kfv Jftfskf, IcIfskf, mfmfskf, yfyfskf shfb W hcbdU ShL
W omA. zbcv™i bfvDv ubA kfv Jftfskf, IcIfskf, mfmfskf, yfyfskf Hfƒ W Hfƒsif
ShL W omA.
zfhfv icv¢sNv is[; kfv (mfmfv mxkcA hf kftfsjv iv) mfmD, (yfyfv mxkcA hf
kftfsjv iv) yfyD ˆhQ bfvDv is[ kfv (Jftfv mxkcA hf kftfsjv iv) Jftc (IcIcv

26. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  24
mxkcA hf kftfsjv iv) sIfIf omA. iCshGfÙÁ omA-omAfv mfsU dhhfr ShL W ilGf
Wqfsuh.
vsÙÁv n©ijG pdl jxdÛm rq ksh dhhfr rfvfm bq. nckvfQ (svfdobDsj vÙÁ dlsq
hf]dysq kfsj dhhfr jvf vÙÁlfkf icv¢sNv ubA zShL bq. zbcv™i öfmD ²ÃDsj hf ²ÃD
öfmDsj vÙÁ lfb jvst dhhfsrv sjfb [dk rq bf. (mh} 3/370, 4/332)
däkDq jfvB } Shhfdrj n©ijG.
1- icv¢sNv ubA (²ÃD W w¶wcsvv mxkcA hf kftfsjv isvW) wfwcVD, bfbwfw W
lflwfw. (²ÃDv ndrk dmtb bf rstW) dyvksv rfvfm. zbcv™i bfvDv is[ kfv
w¶wcv, lfslfw¶wcv W bfbfw¶wcv zomA.
2- vdmkf (pfv nfsK nÌm rsqsY ˆmb) ²ÃDv (ziv öfmDv) jbAf W kfv hQwufk
jbAf W icdkb hf bfdkb. (²ÃDv ndrk dmtb rst ksh. bsy{ dmtsbv iCshG mfvf
sost hf kftfj dlst kfv smsq zShL hf zomAf bq.) klbcv™i bfvDv ubA kfv
öfmDv (ziv ²ÃDv) sYst W kfv hQwufk sYstW zShL.
3- icv¢sNv ubA kfv n{mf (hfi kfv nfsK dmtb jv¢j zKhf bf jv¢j. hfi mfvf
sost hf kftfj dlstW) rfvfm. zbcv™i n{ lflD ˆhQ bfbDW.
bfvDv ubA kfv n{hfi (mfsqv ndrk kfv dmtb rst) zomA. zbcv™i n{ lfslf
ˆhQ bfbfW rfvfm.
4- icv¢sNv ubA kfv dbsuv icÛhLC (zfib Švnufk sYstv ²ÃD) zbcv™i ickh…
W bfkh… ˆhQ bfvDv ubA kfv dbsuv oHGufk jbAfv öfmD (ufmfƒ) zbcv™i
bfkufmfƒ W ickufmfƒ zShL.
nckvfQ icv¢sNv ubA kfv n{wfwcVD, ²ÃDv lcLmf, (dhkdjGk) ˆhQ iftdqÛD mf rfvfm
bq. zbcv™i bfvDv ubA kfv n{w¶wcv, öfmDv lcLhfi (dhkdjGk) ˆhQ iftdqkf hfi
zShL bq.
öfmDv ˆj ²ÃDv sYst-smsqv ndrk däkDqf ²ÃDv iChG öfmDv Švnufk sYst-smsqv
dhhfr ShL. (mh} 2/262, 9/67)
iajfw sp, Shhfdrj nCsÛ dmtsbv Ist pfslv ndrk dhhfr zShL hAdHyfv nCsÛ
dmtsbv Ist kfslv ndrk dhhfr zShL djbf kf dbsq shw dhkjG vsqsY. zKGf{
spmb dhhfsrv iCshG sjfb bfvDv ndrk hAdHyfv jvst kfv mf hf smsqsj dhhfr jvf
rfvfm rsh djbf ˆhQ dhhfsrv isv hAdHyfv jvst ‰ bfvDv mf hf smsq (sp ˆƒ
icv¢sNv ²ÃD) kfv is[ rfvfm rsq pfsh djbf, w¶wcv-h…-ˆ hAdHyfv jvst sYstv
…iv kfv ‰ ²ÃD rfvfm rsq pfsh dj bf, hAdHyfvufk jbAfsj dhhfr jvf pfsh dj bf,
-ˆnh dhNsq hÖ mksHl vsqsY. zhwA sjfb is[v dbjseƒ nrDr sjfb ltDt

27. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  25
sbƒ. pdlW zbcmfb, zdHv¢dy W dhshjmsk rfvfm nfhA²À rWqfƒ …dyk. (dn} pqDIfr
1/566, ƒJdkqfvfk ƒhsb kfƒdmqAfr 585-588ix}, IfkfWqf mcrf©ml dhb ƒh»frDm 10/130)
iv§Â hù …tfmf hstb, jfsvf ndrk hAdHyfv jvstƒ sn ²ÃD ˆhQ kfv mf wfwcVD
rsq pfq bf. nckvfQ ˆsk hAdHyfsvv sjfb i»Hfh sbƒ. (mcm} 7/44)
Sbdkj SwdKstAv ˆmb zw½Dtkf, iwck¶ W nmnAf sKsj zfïfr mcndtm nmfusj
mcÙÁ W idhÛ vfJcb. zfmDb.
i[f§Àsv ShLv™si ²ÃD msb jsv nrhfn jvst n©isjG i»Hfh isV. spmb; dhhfr-
háb wcÝ bf rsqƒ nrhfn jvst zKhf nrhfn jvfv iv ufbf sot sp, ‰ ²ÃDv nfsK
öfmDW sjfb lcL-mfsqv lcL ifb jsvsY. ˆ s[sÛ ²ÃD rfvfm nfhA²À rsh ˆhQ kfv mf W
smsqsj dhhfr jvf ‰ icv¢sNv ubA rfvfm rsh. (‰ 7/45)
kxkDq jfvB } lcsLv n©ijG.
pdl sjfb dwwc (sYst zKhf smsq) sjfb dHâ mdrtfv lcL ifb jsv Kfsj, ksh sn
kfv lcLmf. zhwA `lcLmf' nfhAs²Àv ubA jsqjde wkG vsqsY;
1- ‰ lcLifb dwwcv 2hYv hqsnv dHksv rsk rsh. lc'hYv ifv rsq lcLifb
jvst `mf' nfhA²À rsh bf. (jc} 2/233)
2- kxdånrjfsv i]fy zKhf kskfdLj hfv lcLifb jvsh. (mc}) ²Àbhx§À ycsN zKhf
mfƒsifN, yfmy djQhf bstv nfrfspA lcL sise sost kshƒ `mf' nfhA²À rsh. (zfdJdb})
`lcLmf' nfhA²À rst kfv ndrk ˆhQ vÙÁ-n©ijGDq zbAfbA zfk¹Dqv bAfq ‰ mfsqv
hQswv njstv ndrk dhhfr zShL rsh. (hc} 5099bQ, mc})
nckvfQ vDdkmk lcLifbjfvD icv¢N kfv lcL-mf, lcL-shfb, lcL-Jftf, lcL-HfƒdU,
lcL-shfbdU iaHxdksj dyvdlsbv ubA dhhfr jvsk ifvsh bf. klbcv™i lcLifbjfdvBD
mdrtfv kfv lcL-hfi, lcL-Hfƒ, lcL-yfyf, lcL-mfmf, lcL-Hfƒsif, lcL-hcbsif iaHxdkv
ndrk dhhfr ShL bq.
zhwA sp lcL ifb jsvsY kfv zbA Hfƒ-shfsbvf ‰ mfsqv is[ ˆhQ kfv
sYstsmsq hf zbAfbA zfk¹Dqv is[ rfvfm bq. (mh} 6/263)
sjfb icv¢N pdl (dwwcshtfq) kfv lflDv lcL vDdkmk ifb jsv Kfsj ksh kfv
is[ vÙÁ-n©ijGDq mdrtf YfVfW yfyfskf, IcIfskf ˆhQ bfbDv lcL ifb jsv Kfjst
mfmfskf Jftfskf shfbW rfvfm. jfvB, ˆƒ shfsbvf kJb lcL-HfƒdU W lcL-
shfbdUsk idvodBk rsq pfq. (mh} 6/266)
…sïJA sp, wxÌfsvv nmq ²ÃDv lcL mcsJ sost öfmD-²ÃDv dhhfr-hásb sjfb [dk rq
bf. jfvB, ˆef vDdkmk lcL ifb bq.

28. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  26
ykcKG jfvB } dtzfb.
öfmDv nQnfsv sKsj pdl ²ÃD hAdHyfv j'sv kf zöDjfv jsv ˆhQ ˆƒ hAdHyfsvv
…iv pdl öfmD 4 ub nf[D jfuDv nfmsb …id²¿k bf jvsk ifsv ksh jfuD
iaskAjsj jnm jvfshb; iaKsm öfmD htsh, `zfdm zfïfrv wiK jsv htdY sp,
zfdm zfmfv ²ÃD zmcjsj sp hAdHyfsvv zihfl dlsqdY kfsk nkAhflD.'
ˆƒv™i yfvhfv htfv iv iÑmhfsv kfsj Kfdmsq jfuD htshb, `zfïfrsj Hq
jv, ˆƒ (swN jnm)efƒ zfïfrv zfpfh zdbhfpGjfvD. (nkA ht. jfvB,)
zfsJvfskv zfpfh rsk lcdbqfv zfpfh (dmKAf zihfl slWqfv wfd²À) nrukv.'
ˆvisvW pdl sn dhvk bf rq ksh iÑmhfsv htsh, `zfdm zfmfv ²ÃD zmcjsj sp
hAdHyfsvv zihfl dlsqdY, kfsk pdl zfdm dmKAfhflD rƒ kfrst zfmfv …iv
zfïfrv zdHwfi srfj!'
zk}iv ²ÃD zbcv™i htsh, `zfdm zfïfrv wiK jsv htdY sp, zfmfsj zfmfv
öfmD zmcj sp hAdHyfsvv zihfl dlsqsY kfsk W dmKAfhflD.'
ˆƒv™i yfvhfv htfv iv iÑmhfsv Kfdmsq jfuD kfsj htshb, zfïfrsj Hq jv,
ˆefƒ zfïfrv zfpfh zdbhfpGjfvD, (nkA ht. jfvB,) zfsJvfskv zfpfshv sysq
lcdbqfv zfpfh (hAdHyfsvv wfd²À) nrukv.'
ˆvisvW pdl dhvk bf rq kfrst iÑmhfsv sn htsh, `zfmfsj zfmfv öfmD
zmcj sp hAdHyfsvv zihfl dlsqsY kfsk pdl W nkAhflD rq kfrst zfmfv …iv
zfïfrv oph srfj!'
ˆklCv jvfv iv jfuD öfmD-²ÃDv mfsU dhs¤Yl jsv slshb. zfv ˆsk jfsvf wfd²À
rsh bf. (jc} 24/6-9, hc}, dm} 3307bQ)
ˆƒ Lvsbv tf'bk W zdHwfsiv dhs¤Ylsj `dtzfb' hst. ˆƒ dhs¤Yl rWqfv iv
‰ ²ÃD ‰ öfmDv ubA dyvksv rfvfm rsq pfq. sjfb iajfsv zfv icbdhGhfr ShL bq.
(zfdJdb} 116ix})
iajfw sp, vÙÁ, lcL W Shhfdrj n©isjGv Ist pfslv zfsifsn dyvksv dhhfr
zShL sjht kfslv nfmsbƒ mdrtfv ilGf sbƒ. hfjD háck¶, ifkfsbf, hf iDv Lvfv
(?) Ist sj… rfvfm rq bf. nckvfQ hácv shfb, ifkfsbf shfb ˆhQ iDv-shfsbv (?)
nfsKW dhhfr rftft ˆhQ ilGf Wqfsuh.
zfsvf ˆmb jkjocdt jfvB vsqsY pfsk bfvD-icv¢sNv dhhfr dyvksv rfvfm bq;
ksh nfmdqjHfsh rfvfm. snƒ dbdlGó nmq zdkhfdrk rst dhhfr ShL. ˆmb jfvBW
jsqjde.

29. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  27
iaKm jfvB } jcIXv W dwjG.
sjfb mcndtm (bfvD-icv¢N) sjfb jfsIv hf mcwdvj (bfvD-icv¢N)sj dhhfr jvsk
ifsv bf. zhwA ƒntfm LsmG lDd[k rst kfv ndrk dhhfr ShL. ˆ hAifsv mrfb
zfïfr hstb,
ªzfv zQwDhflD vmBD sp ipG§À mcntmfb bf rq skfmvf kfsj dhhfr jsvf bf.
mcwdvj bfvD skfmfslv iY¦l rstW dbÇyqƒ mcndtm ÛÁDklfnD kfv sysq …Ùm. zfv
mcntmfb bf rWqf ipG§À zQwDhflD icv¢sNv nfsK jbAfv dhhfr dlW bf. zQwDhflD
icv¢N skfmfslv iY¦l rstW mcndtm ÛÁDklfn kfv sysq …Ùm. jfvB, Wvf
skfmfslvsj ufrfâfsmv dlsj zfrhfb jsv ˆhQ zfïfr skfmfslvsj dbu zbcoar W
[mfv dlsj zfrhfb jsvb.« (jc} 2/221)
ªmc'dmb bfvDoB jfsIv icv¢Nslv ubA ˆhQ jfsIv icv¢Nvf mc'dmb bfvDslv ubA
ShL bq.« (jc} 60/10)
dwqf, jfslqfbD, jhcvD, mfpfvD ˆhQ mkf§Àsv shbfmfpD iaHxdk ifÛ-ifÛDv ndrk
sjfb (kWrDlhflD) mcndtm ifÛ-ifÛDv dhhfr ShL bq. (mh} 16/115,17/61, 28/93)
i[f§Àsv zfnmfbD djkfhLfvD ƒqfùlD W dJ»ófb n¤ydvÛf bfvDsj (ƒntfm oarB bf
jvstW) mcndtm icv¢N dhhfr jvsk ifsv. (jc} 5/5) ksh ˆv sysq mcndtm bfvDƒ sp
…Ùm kfsk sjfb ns¦lr sbƒ. dj§Â sjfb mcndtm bfvDv ndrk sjfb djkfhLfvD
icv¢sNv dhhfr ShL bq; pk[B bf sn ƒntfm oarB jsvsY. spsrkc ƒntfm dyv
…âk, zhbk rq bf. kfYfVf mcndtmvf njt bhDv i»dk „mfb vfsJ, dj§Â
djkfhLfvDvf ƒntfsmv nhGswN bhD  ˆv i»dk „mfb vfsJ bf. (rfrf} 245ix})
i»jfw sp, mcndtm bfmLfvD mcwdvjvf (pfvf zfïfr YfVf iDv, jhv hf mfpfsvv
dbje iasqfubfdl dH[f jsv kfvf) zfrst djkfshv mk bq. kfslv ndrk dhhfr-
wflD ShL bq. (mh} 28/93)
sjfb icv¢N ƒntfm o»rB jvstW yeX jsv kfv ndrk mcndtm bfvDv dhhfr slWqf
…dyk bq. mcndtm rsq bfmfp-svfpf W zbAfbA LmGDq dhNq iftb jvsY dj bf, kf
slJf …dyk. bsy{ ˆmbW rsk ifsv (hvQ zdLjfQw ˆmbefƒ rq) sp, mcndtm
pchkDv v™i W siasm mcÊ rsq sjht kfsjƒ ifhfv …sÜswA bfsm mfÛ mcndtm rsq
ƒntfsm I]fdj slq. (Im} 46ix})
sjfb mcndtm icv¢N zmcndtm bfvDsj dhhfr jvsk yfƒst kfsj iajxk mcndtm jsv
ƒÜk slsJ kfviv dhhfr jvsh. bfmfp-svfpf iaHxdksk pkµhfb bf rst dhhfr ShL
rsh bf. (hc} 5286bQ, Ibf} 2/357)

30. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  28
däkDq jfvB }- zisvv öfmDk¶}-
zisvv dhhfdrkf ²ÃD kfv öfmDsk¶ Kfjsk zfv zbA icv¢sNv ubA ShL bq. sn mfvf
dosq zKhf kftfj dlsq ƒÜskv pKf nmq zdkhfdrk bf rWqf ipG§À ‰ vmBDsj
dhhfr jvf rfvfm. nckvfQ ‰ mdrtf zfnst omAf dj§Â zisvv öfmDsk¶ Kfjfv ubA
nfmdqjHfsh zsbAv is[ zShL. ˆmb dhhfdrkf nLhfsj sj… dhsq jvstW dhhfr-
hábƒ rq bf. sn iaKm öfmDvƒ zdLjfvHcÙÁf Kfsj, zfv däkDq öfmD hAdHyfvD rq.
iv§Â ˆjde mdrtf ˆjfdLj öfmD oarB jvsk ifsv bf. jfvB ˆsk hQw W n§Àfsbv
zh²¿f nhGrfvf rq. i[f§Àsv ˆjub icv¢N ˆjfdLj ²ÃD (4de ipG§À) oarB jvsk
ifsv. (jc} 4/3) jfvB, ˆsk ‰ Hq Kfsj bf.
kfYfVf htfƒ hfùtA sp, ƒntfm mfbhiajxdkv ubA nfmÓnAiCBG LmG. uDhsbv
nhGiajfv nmnAfv nmfLfb J]csu dmst ˆƒ LsmG. mfbhjCstv njt mfbcsNv iajxdk,
spZb[cLf hf jfmwdÙÁ nmfb bq. ²ÃD kfv hDpGhfb öfmDv n©iCBG [cLf bfW dmefsk ifsv;
dhswN jsv pdl sn svfof rq zKhf kfv ‡kcv nmq lDOG²¿fqD rq. i[f§Àsv hAdHyfvW
mfbhydvsÛv iadkjCt.
²ÃD háAf rst hQsw hfdk slhfv ubA n§Àfb tfsHv …sÜswA zKhf ˆjub dhLhf hf
idvkAÙÁfv snZHfoA dIdvsq zfbsk ˆhQ zfsvf zbAfbA pcdÙÁpcÙÁ jfvsB däkDq,
kxkDq W ykcKG dhhfr nQnfsv iasqfub rq. zfv ˆef Sbdkjkfv idvi§¿D bq. ydvÛ
W Sbdkjkfv iadkjCt skf ˆj hf ˆjfdLj …iikµD hf `oftGXn sI¼àX' oarB jvf.
(kfmc} 67-75ix} la})
i[f§Àsv ˆjfdLj dhhfsrv wkG zfsY }-
1- ˆjƒ nsÌ spb yfsvv zdLj bf rq.
2- ²ÃDslv mfsU spb bAfqivfqBkf Kfsj. HvB-sifNB, ydvÛ-hAhrfv iaHxdksk
spb njtsj nmfb syfsJ slJf rq. njstv dbje spb nmfbHfsh vfdÛ-hfn hf
zh²¿fb jvf rq. bsy{ ˆjfdLj dhhfr rfvfm. (jc} 4/3)
zhwA z§Àsvv ocå siamsj njstv ubA nmfbHfsh Hfo jvf zn©Hh. (jc} 4/129)
kfƒ z§Àv pdl jf…sj zdLj sisk yfq hf Hfstfhfsn ksh kf lCNBDq bq. dj§Â
iajfswA njstv ndrk nmfb hAhrfv ialwGb Wqfsuh.
ˆjfdLj dhhfr jvst sjfb ²ÃDv m¦l-yyGf zbA ²ÃDv dbje jvsh bf. sjfb ²ÃDsj
zbA ²ÃD iansÌ jcm§ÀhA hf jc{nf jvsk ncspfo slsh bf. kfslv zfsifsN pfsk
„NGfOdek sjfb msbfmfdtbA hf lchGAhrfv bf rq kfv sJqft vfJsh. ixKj-ixKj hfnf
rstƒ wfd§Àv zfwf jvf pfq. bsy{ `dbm sk]skf, dbdNd¦l sk]skf, sk]skf mfjft It,

31. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  29
kfrfvW zdLj sk]skf lc' nkDsbv Ov.' dhswN jsv shilGf idvshw rst skf
dkÙÁmq bvj sn nQnfv.
ianÌk} …sïJA sp, däkDq dhhfr jvfv nmq iaKm ²ÃDv zbcmdk uv¢vD bq.(mh} 25/67)
jcIvDv jfvsB öfmDv zdLjfv sKsj dYâ rsq mcndtmslv pcÝhd¦lbDv™si sjfb
mcufdrslv Hfso ˆst ˆj mfdnj ivD[fv iv zKhf oHG rst ianh W sbIfnjft
ipG§À zsi[fv iv zdLjfvHcÙÁf rsh; pdlW kfv öfmD hkGmfsb uDdhk zfsY.(jc} 4/28)
sjfb mdrtfv öfmD mfvf sost zKhf kftfj dlst sn kfv ƒÜkjft ipG§À ‰ öfmDv
zdLjfsv Kfsj. zkˆh sjfb vmBDsj kfv ƒÜkjfst dhhfr jvf zShL. (jc} 2/235)
ƒÜskv dh²Àfdvk dhhvB isv zfnsh ƒbwfzfïfr.
sjfb mdrtf oHGhkD Kfjst oHGjft kfv ƒÜk. oHGfh²¿fq dhhfr ShL bq. zShL
sofib si»sm pfv hAdHyfsv oHGhkD rsqsY snƒ siadmj dhhfr jvstW oHGfh²¿fq
zfjXl nrDr bq. ianshv ivƒ zfjXl n©Hh. (mh} 9/54,72)
sjfb mdrtfv öfmD dbsJ]fu rst dbsJ]fu rWqfv dlb sKsj iCBG yfv hYv zsi[f
jvfv iv zfsvf yfv mfn lwdlb öfmD-mxkcAv ƒÜk iftb jsv däkDq öfmD oarB
jvsk ifsv. ˆƒ dbLGfdvk nmsqv iCshG kfv dhhfr rfvfm. dhhfsrv iv kfv iChGöfmD
dIsv ˆst kfv ˆJdkqfv rsh; ²ÃD sIv{ dbsk ifsv zKhf smfrv sIv{ dbsq kfsj
‰ öfmDv ubA kAfo jvskW ifsv. (mfbfv¢n nfhDt 2/88ix})
²ÃD yfƒst zfv bkcbHfsh dhhfr zfjXslv iasqfub sbƒ. jfvB, ²ÃD kfvƒ ˆhQ
däkDq zfjXl kfv dIsv zfnfv iv hfdkt. ksh kfsj dIsv sbWqfv iCshG ‰ ²ÃD (ˆj
mfdnj) ƒÜk iftb jvsh. (I…} 2/766) oHGhkD rst ianhjft ipG§À zsi[f
jvsh. zfv sn nmsq däkDq öfmD sKsj ilGf Wqfsuh rsq pfsh.
kxkDq jfvB}- lcƒ dbjefk¹Dqv umfsqk
nfLfvBk} ˆjfdLj dhhfsr zwfd§À shwDƒ rq. nkDb kfv nkDbsj nrsu nƒsk
ifsv bf. nkDsb-nkDsb dhd¤Yâkf Kfsj. zkˆh nkDb ˆjf§À dbjefk¹Dq rst
zfk¹Dqkfv háb dYâ rq, pf rfvfm. kfYfVf dbjefk¹Dq nkDsbv jKfq ofsq Uftf
Lsv shwD. ä¦ä hfsV zdLj. jKfq hst `zfbnkDsb bfsV yfsV, shfb nkDsb icdVsq
mfsv.' kfƒ ƒntfm ˆmb ˆjf§À dbjefk¹Dqslvsj ˆjsÛ ²ÃDv™si umf jvsk dbsNL
jsvsY. nckvfQ ²ÃD Kfjsk kfv (nsrflvf, ShdisÛqD, ShmfsÛqD hf lcL) shfb (zKGf{,
wftD) sj dhhfr jvf rfvfm. klbcv™i ²ÃDv hkGmfsb kfv Jftf hf shfbdU, IcIc hf
HfƒdUsj dhhfr jvf zShL. ²ÃD mfvf sost hf kftfj dlst ƒÜskv iv kfv ‰
dbjefk¹Dqv jf…sj dhhfr jvsk hfLf sbƒ.
²ÃDv jfEhfsiv (hf mfsqv öfmDv) zbA ²ÃDv smsqsj dhhfr jvsk slfN sbƒ.(mh} 9/57)

32. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  30
ykcKG jfvB } ƒrvfm
rÏ hf …mvfq ƒrvfm h]fLf zh²¿fq dhhfr W dhhfsrv iqofm rfvfm. ˆƒ zh²¿fq
jfsvf dhhfr rstW kf hfdkt. (pflct mfzfl 4/6)
iÑm jfvB } yfsvv zdLj nQJAf
yfv ²ÃD hkGmfb Kfjsk iÑm dhhfr rfvfm. (jc} 4/3) yfsvv msLA sj… ƒÜsk Kfjst
kfv ƒÜk swN bf rWqf ipG§À zbA dhhfr jvf pfsh bf.
Nô jfvB } dkb kftfj.
²ÃDsj dkb kftfj dkb idhÛkfq dlst zKhf uDhsbv msLA dhdHâ nmsq dkbhfv
kftfj dlst ‰ ²ÃDsj icb} dhhfr jvf ShL bq. pdl ˆjf§Àƒ kfsj icbvfq dIsv sisk
yfq, ksh ‰ ²ÃD däkDq öfmD W kfv spZböfl oarsBv iv sn sö¤Yfq kftfj dlst
zKhf mfvf sost ksh Ćskv iv kfsj icbdhGhfr jvsk ifsv. bsy{ kfv iCshG bq.
(jc} 2/230)
²ÃDsj dkb kftfj slWqfv iv tdÏk rsq Hct hcUsk sisv kfsj dIsv sisk
`rftftf' i§¿f zhtìb ShL bq. zKfG{, ²ÃDsj rftft jvfv ubA idvjd¬ikHfsh
sjfb hác hf yfyfskf-mfmfskf Hfsqv ndrk dhhfr dlsq ˆj vfdÛ hfn jsv kftfj
dlst isv ƒÜskv iv dbsu dhhfr jvf ˆj iajfv sLfjf ˆhQ hAdHyfv. pfsk däkDq
öfmD ˆj vfdÛ hAdHyfv jsv ˆhQ iaKm öfmD ‰ ²ÃDsj rftft msb jsv dIsv dbsqW
kfv ndrk dyvdlb hAdHyfv jvsk Kfsj. jfvB, iajxkis[ ²ÃD ‰Hfsh kfv ubA
rftft rq bf.
sp hAdÙÁ rftft jvfv ubA ‰v™i dhhfr jsv, rflDsnv HfNfq sn rt `Lfv jvf
N]fV.' (ƒo} 6/309) ˆƒ hAdÙÁ ˆhQ pfv ubA rftft jvf rq sn hAdÙÁ (zKGf{ iaKm
öfmD) zfïfr W klDq vnCstv zdHwå. (ƒo}1897 bQ, dm} 3296)
ufqhltD hf dhdbmq-dhhfr dhbf ixKj smfrsv ShL bq. ˆ Wv shfb hf shdesj ˆhQ
W ˆv shfb hf sheDsj dhdbmq j'sv ifÛDv hlst ifÛDsj smfrv j'sv dhhfr
ƒntfsm rfvfm. (hc},mc} ƒkAfdl) zhwA hù …tfmfv dbje …Hq ifÛDv ixKj smfrv
rstW ufqhltD dhsq ShL bq. (pdl kfsk sjfb sLfjf-Lfæf dlsq bfmsj-Wqfs²À
smfrv hf]Lf rq kfrst. (mh} 4/328, 9/68)
mckXzfr hf nfmdqj dhhfrW ƒntfsm ShL bq. djYcv dhdbmsq sjht ˆj nåfr hf
mfn hf hYv ²ÃDnÌ o»rB jsv dhd¤Yâ rWqfq spsrkc ‰ ²ÃD W kfv n§Àfsbv lcdlGb zfsn
kfƒ ƒntfm ˆmb dhhfrsj rfvfm sOfNBf jsvsY. (hc}, mc}, dm} 3147bQ)

33. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  31
zbcv™i kftfsjv dbqsk dhhfr ˆj iajfv sLfjf. dhslsw dosq hf slswƒ dhhfr-
hásbv nmq msb msb ˆƒ dbqk vfJf sp, djYcdlb ncJ tcse kftfj dlsq slsw dIvh
hf y©ie slh ksh ˆmb dhhfrW ShL bq. (ˆv™i jvst hAdHyfv jvf rq.) jfvB,
ˆskW ‰ ²ÃD W kfv n§Àfsbv znrfq zh²¿f sbsm zfsn. (Im} 49ix}) pfsk bfvDv mfb
W zdLjfv JhG rq.
sjfb kv¢BDv dhbf n©mdksk sufviChGj dhhfr slWqf rfvfm. ˆmb dhhfr-háb
wc݃ rq bf. (Im} 48 ix})
hftA-dhhfr ShL. (mc}, dm} 3129bQ) ksh nfhftj rWqfv iv öfmD-²ÃDv ˆj
zivsj iY¦l bf rst kfvf dhhfrháb dYâ jvsk ifsv. (hc} 5138bQ, zflf}, dm} 3136bQ)
nhQw hf nsofsÛv zfk¹Dq omA ifÛ-ifÛDv dhhfr ShL. ksh dHâ sofsÛ
zbfk¹Dqslv nfsKƒ Shhfdrj-nCÛ ²¿fib jvf …Ùm. (Im} 47ix}) dhswN jsv
nfmfbA Û¢de-dhycAdk W msbfmfdtbA dbsq hfVfhfdV zdLj rq nsofsÛ Osv-Osv dhhfr
rst. zdHÎvf hstb, `Osv-Osv dhsq dlst, Ov iv rsq pfq. zfk¹Dqkf hfVfsk
dosq kf dhd¤Yâ rsq pfq ˆsjhfsvƒ.' zhwA nhGs[sÛ äDblfvDƒ rt jdóifKv.
sjfb mcndtm sjfb hAdHyfdvBD bfvDsj dhhfr jvsk ifsv bf. hvQ ˆ hAfifsv ‰v™i
bfvD mbmcÊjfdvBD nc¦lvD v™siv Ffdt hf Ffbf-jfef idv rstW mcndtm icv¢sNv kfsk
v¢dy rWqfƒ …dyk bq. ˆjf§À siasmv sbwfq sbwfoa²À rstW kfsj nrLdmGbD jvf
rfvfm.
ˆ hAfifsv zfïfr ifj hstb, ªhAdHyfvD sjht hAdHyfdvBD zKhf zQwDhfdlbDsj
ˆhQ hAdHyfdvBD sjht hAdHyfvD zKhf zQwDhflD icv¢Nsj dhhfr jsv Kfsj. zfv
mcdmb icv¢Nslv ubA kf rfvfm jvf rt.« (jc} 24/3)
nckvfQ znkD bfvD mcwdvsjv …ipcÙÁf; mcndtsmv bq. jfvB …Hsqƒ zQwDhflD; ˆ
idkv siasm …iidksj zQwD²¿fib jsv ˆhQ W jsv ˆjj mf'hCslv ƒhflsk zbA
hfdkt mf'hClsj wvDj. (zhwA znkD rstW sjfb mcwdvsjv nfsK sjfb mcndtm
bfvDv dhhfr ShL bq.)
i[f§Àsv hAdHyfdvBD pdl kWhf jsv iajxk mcndtm bfvD rq kfrst ˆj mfdnj
zsi[fv iv kshƒ kfsj dhhfr jvf ShL rsk ifsv. oHG rst oHGfh²¿fq dhhfr-
háb wcÝ bq. ianshv ivƒ dhhfr rsk rsh. (I…} 2/780)

34. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  32
ik´D icv¢sNv nrLdmGbD, zLGfdÌbD, n§ÀfblfÛD, uDhb-ndÌbD, oxsrv oxdrBD, n§Àfsbv
ubbD, r™lsqv wfd§ÀlfdqbD, vrnA v[fjfdvBD, kfv ncJD nQnfsvv iaLfb nlnAf.
nckvfQ ˆmb nfKD dbhGfysb icv¢Nsj nkAƒ Hfhsk rq, hcUsk rq. wcLcmfÛ siam,
…¤Yx£Jtkf W zfshso bq; hvQ dhshj W dlmfso sn dhNq dbsq dy§Àf jvsk rq.
nfLfvBk} mfbcN kfv HfhD-ndÌbDv iaHfh-iadkidÙ, mfb-pw-JAfdk, Lb-n©il,
jctDb hQw, msbfstfHf v™i-snZ¦lpG iaHxdk slsJ mcÊ rsq kfv uDhb-nÌ tfH jvsk
yfq; zKy kfv zfLAfdk¹j W ocsBv dljef soZB msb jsv. pfv Ist lf©iskAv yfjf
zsbj nmq zyt rsq vsq pfq zKhf nQnfv rsq …sE dkÙÁmq. dj§Â ÎfbD icv¢N
zhwAƒ sJqft vfsJ sp,
ªsldJsk itfw Ict zdk msbfrv,
oá dhsb kfsv nsh jsv zbflv.
sp Icstv snZvH bfƒ, djsnv sn Ict?
jlfy kfrfv siasm msubf hcthct.
ocBDv ocB dyvjft dhvfduk vq,
kc¤Y v™i lcƒ dlsb LCdtnf{ rq.«
diaq bhD  hstb, ªvmBDsj kfv zKG, zfdHufkA, v™i-snZ¦lpG W äDb-LmG slsJ
dhhfr jvf rq. dj§Â kcdm äDblfvsj sisq jxkjfpG rW. skfmfv r²À LCdtLCndvk
srfj.« (hc}, mc}, dm} 3082bQ)
dkdb zfsvf hstb, ªskfmfslv iaskAsjv wcjXvjfvD z§Àv W dpjXvjfvD dur¶f rWqf
…dyk. zfv ˆmb mcdmb ²ÃD oarB jvf …dyk; sp kfv zfsJvfskv jfsu nrfqkf
jvsh.« (ƒmf} 1856bQ, dnn} 2176bQ)
nckvfQ ˆmb ifÛD iY¦l jvf …dyk, sp rsh icBAmqD, ncwDtf, n¤ydvÛf, äDblfv,
ilGfbwDb; pfsj slJst mb JcwDsk Hsv WsE, pfsj zfslw jvst nk¶v iftb jsv,
öfmD hfƒsv sost dbsuv slr, snZ¦lpG W ƒÏskv ˆhQ öfmDv Lb-n©islv pKfKG
v[Bf-sh[Bf jsv. (bf} 3231bQ, rf} 2/161, zf} 2/251)
mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªnckvfQ nfL¶D bfvD skf kfvf, pfvf (kfslv öfmDslv
zbcid²¿dksk W stfj y[cv z§Àvfst) zbcokf ˆhQ dbsuslv ƒÏk v[fjfdvBD;
zfïfrv drIfpsk (kWIDsj) kfvf kf drIfpk jsv.« (jc} 4/34)
iiffÛÛDD iiYY¦¦ll

35. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  33
ˆviv slJf …dyk, HfhD-ndÌbDv idvshw. wf§À iajxdkv smufu, mfbdnj nc²¿kf
ƒkAfdl; pfsk nQnfv rq iawfd§Àmq. u¶ftfmqkf sKsj lCv rq hfjAftfi, stb-slb W
njt hAhrfv.
dhhfsrv ˆjde mrfb …sÜwA rt n§Àfb oarB . ˆ …sÜwAsj nfmsb svsJ ²ÃD dbhGfyb
hfÒbDq. diaq bhD  hstb, ªzdLj siammqD, zdLj n§ÀfblfÛD vmBD dhhfr jv.
jfvB, zfdm skfmfslvsj dbsq djqfmsk zbAfbA …©mskv nfmsb (nQJAfdLjAkfv
Ist) ohG jvh.« (zflf}, bf}, dm} 3091bQ)
zk}iv nfKDv v™i-snZ¦lpG skf mfbcsNv iajxdkok hfdÒk hfnbf. spsrkc ²ÃD nc¦lvD
rst msbv iawfd§À W zfb¦l zdLj rq. zbAfbA vmBDv iadk jJbƒ mb Ycse bf.
iv§Â ªzfïfr nc¦lv. dkdb snZ¦lpGsj iY¦l jsvb.« (dn}n} 1626bQ)
zk}iv slJfv dhNq ndÌbDv sjZmfpG. jcmfvDv dbje sp ncJ zfsY zjcmfvDv dbje
kf sbƒ. ˆef skf mfbcsNv iajxdkok iY¦l. spsrkc Hfstfhfnfv iaKm …irfv kfv
dbje sist lf©iskA iCBG idvkxdå zfsn. bsy{ pdl kfv msb Hfstfhfnfv dbdÙÁ iChG
W hkGmfb öfmDv siam Wub jvsk wcv¢ jsv ksh snƒ kctbfq kfv r™lq jJsbf iChG
öfmDv dlsj U]csj hkGmfb öfmDsj kc¤YÎfb jsv. zfhfv jJsbf dbsuv HfsoAv ˆƒ
idvhkGbsj hV lcHGfoA msb j'sv Hfstfhfnfv Ffdt Jfdt j'sv vnrDb nQnfv jsv
hkGmfb öfmDv slrifsw. dj§Â mb Kfsj snƒ mxk zKhf snƒ kftfjlfkf öfmDv
dbje. Ist lf©ikA uDhb mLcv rsq osV …Esk ifsv bf. zhwA hkGmfb öfmD iChG
öfmD rsk nhGdhNsq …Ùm rst sn jKf dHâ. iv§Â iajxk lf©ikA-ncJ …isHfo
jvfv …sÜswA diaq bhD  ˆj nfrfhDsj jcmfvD bfvD dhhfr jvsk …äcÝ jsv hstb,
ªsjb jcmfvD jvst bf? sn skfmfsj dbsq ˆhQ kcdm kfsj dbsq siamsjdt jvsk.«
(hc}, mc}, dm} 3088bQ)
zbAÛ dkdb hstb, ªskfmvf jcmfvD dhhfr jv. jfvB jcmfvDslv mcJ zdLj dmdó,
kfslv oHGfwq zdLj n§ÀfbLfvD, kfslv spfbDiK zdLj …ò, kfvf Ytbfq jm rq
ˆhQ ös¬i zdLj n§Àcó Kfsj.« (ƒmf}, dnn} 623bQ, nuf} 4053bQ)
…hGv udmsk sp Instv hDu nhGiaKm svfdik rq snƒ Intƒ Itsb zdLj W
…Ùm rq. Int kcst snƒ udmskƒ zbA Int svfib jvst zfv snƒ snfbfv Int
Ist bf. zbcv™i Hfstfhfnfv hDuW.
zhwA pfv nQnfsv ifÄf oxdrBDv iasqfub, sp kfv sYfe sYfe Hfƒ shfb ƒkAfdlv
ndEj iadkiftb yfq, kfsj zjcmfvD dhLhf dhhfr jvfƒ …dyk. (hc} 2967bQ)
iv§Â pdl sj… sjfb dhLhf hf idvkAÙÁfv iadk ˆhQ kfv n§Àfb-n§Àdkv iadk nlq
rsq kfsj dhhfr-hásb zfhÝ j'sv kfv lcdlGb lCv j'sv ncdlb zfsb ksh dbÇyq sn
hAdÙÁ zdLj nWqfshv zdLjfvD. (mh} 18/119)

36. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  34
nhGdlj dlsq dbsuv mfb spmb, dEj snƒ nmipGfq mfb W idvshswv ifÛD iY¦l
jvf …dyk. ˆsk sj… jfsvfv …iv ohG i»jfw bf jvsk sisv jKfv zfOfsk siasmv
odk hfLfiafå rsh bf. iduwb, dw[f, nHAkf, zKGSbdkj zh²¿f, hQw iaHxdk
…Hsqv nmfb rst snefƒ …Ùm. spmb …Hsqv hqsnv msLA shwD kfvkmA Kfjf
…dyk bq. bsy{ HdhNAsk dhdHâ sufqfv-Hfef slJf dlsk ifsv.
…ipGcÙÁ nhGiajfv ÈB W iduwsbv ifÛD sistƒ snfbfq snfrfof. ˆmb lf©ikA
rsh dyvncsJv ˆhQ ˆmb öfmD rsh hV snZHfoAhfb. i[f§Àsv djYc bf sistW pdl
äDb ifq ksh kfW kfv snZHfsoAv jfvB zhwAƒ.
nckvfQ h… W ufmfƒ iYs¦lv jdóifKv ˆjmfÛ äDb W ydvÛ. hQswv …¤y-bDykf
djYc sbƒ. spsrkc mfbcN njstƒ nmfb. njt mcndtm Hfƒ-Hfƒ. mrfb zfïfr hstb,
ªsr mfbcN! zfdm skfmfslvsj ˆj icv¢N W ˆj bfvD rsk nxdó jsvdY. isv
skfmfslvsj dhHÙÁ jsvdY dhdHâ ufdk W sofsÛ; pfsk skfmvf ˆj zisvv nfsK
idvdyk rsk ifv. skfmfslv msLA sn hAdÙÁƒ zfïfrv dbje zdLj mpGflfn©iâ sp
hAdÙÁ zdLj nQpmD (mcÙfjD W ivsrpofv).« (jc} 49/13)
kfYfVf `Hfstf-m¦l sjfb sofôD-hsBGv msLA dbdlGó bq. iaskAj h²Âv …Ùm, mLAm
W zLm zfsY.' zfv `jfsjv dFm nflf rq, idàskv sYst ofLfW rq.' nckvfQ
dhshyA rt, sp mfbcNsj dbsq zfmfv lvjfv sjht kfvƒ ydvÛ W hAhrfv. zhwA
ifdvifdw¶Gj zh²¿f slJfW lvjfv dbÇyqƒ. jfvB, kfskW jciaHfh iVfv zfwËf
Kfjsk ifsv.
zkˆh hv-jsb dbhGfysbv nmq}
1- ifÛ hf ifÛD sjfbX õcst isVsY ufbfv zfso sjfbX idvshsw mfbcN rsqsY kf
ufbfv syóf jv¢b. jfvB, zsbj nmq hQw Jfvfi rstW idvshw-ÈsB mfbcN nc¦lv
W ydvÛhfb rsq osV …sE.
2- ifÛ hf ifÛDv ydvÛ slJfv zfso kfv hfi-mfsqv ydvÛW dhyfpG. jfvB,
nfLfvBk} `zfef ocsB v¢de zfv mf ocsB shde' ˆhQ `lcL ocsB dO W mf ocsB dU' rsq
Kfsj. zfv `hfijf shef dnifdr jf sOfVf, jcY bf srf skf sKfVf sKfVf.'
3- dhhfr ˆjde nrfh²¿fb sjf©ifbD iadkôfjvsBv bfm. nckvfQ ˆmb nÌD dbhGfyb
jvf …dyk pfsk …Hsqv ifbfrfv iajxdk W ydvsÛ dmt Jfq. bsy{ zytfh²¿fv
zfwËfƒ shwD. (kczf} 49ix})
zhwA jfsvf hfdrAj äDblfvD slsJW sLfjf JfWqf …dyk bq. jfvB, njft 7 efq
jf…sj bfmfp iVsk slJstƒ sp sn yfwXskv bfmfp isV sn LfvBf HctW rsk ifsv.
sjbbf, rsk ifsv sn yfwXskv bq hvQ Iusvv jfpf zflfq jvdYt.

37. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  35
zbcv™i jfsvf hfsiv äDblfvDv mk jKf wcsb zKhf sjht jfsvf Hfsqv hf hcbfsqv
äDblfvDv jKf wcsb kfv äDblfvD rWqfsk dbdÇyk rsq sLfjf JfWqfW zbcdyk. sJfl
ifÛ hf ifÛD sjmb kf nhGiaKm W swN dhyfpG.
zbcv™i mft-Lb zfsY dj bf, ifh dj bf ifh -kfW dhyfpG bq. jfvB, kf skf zfu
zfsY jft bfW Kfjsk ifsv. zfhfv zfu bf Kfjst jft ˆsn spskW ifsv. zfdm
spmb dEj skmdb Osv dhhfr jvf hf slWqfƒ …dyk. dhswN jsv OcN (smfef efjf iB)
dlsq hV Osv Tcjsk pfWqf dEj bq.
ÎfbDvf hstb, `skfmfv sysq sp bDsy kfv nÌkf oarB jsvf bf. jfvB, rqskf kcdm
kfv mCJGkfq jó ifsh ˆhQ skfmfv sysq sp …s¤y kfvW nfKD rsqf bf. jfvB,
n©Hhk} sn skfmfv …iv ohG W zrQjfv iajfw jvsh. kcdm spmb dEj skmb
nmmfsbv hác, nÌD W uDhb-ndÌbD oarB jsvf, kfsk skfmfv mb sjfb iajfv hAdKk
rsh bf.'
rfdk-Wqftfv ndrk háck¶ jvst rfdk vfJfv mk Ov dbsusj hfbfsk rsh. bkchf
`hVv divDdk hfdtv h]fL, [sB rfsk ldV [sB y]fl.'
ˆ jKf Hfhf pfq sp, hV hfdVsk smsq iVst kfv sJsk-ivsk sjfb jó rsh bf;
ncsJ Kfjsh. dj§Â kfv dbÇyqkf sjfKfq? `hV ofsYv ktfq hfn, Fft HfÌstƒ
nhGbfw.'
smsqv zdHHfhsjv …dyk, smsqv v¢dy W iYs¦lv sJqft vfJf. zhwA kfv rfsk
sFfv sYsV slWqf …dyk bq. iv§Â äDsbv sFfv sjfb nmqƒ YfVfv bq. jfvB,
nfLfvBk} smsqslv j¬ibfq Kfsj,
`vsnv bfov, v™siv nfov, pdl Lb ifƒ,
zflv jsv jdv kfsv hfsiv ufmfƒ.'
hfnX! ˆƒ rt sHfohfdlbD W ivstfj nìsá zá bfvDslv zfwf. ˆvf sjht
hfdrAj lxdóv snZ¦lpG iY¦l W jfmbf jsv; dj§Â z§ÀlxGdóv snZ¦lpG ziasqfubDq Hfsh!
kfvf ufsb bf sp, jc{dnk msbv sKsj jc{dnk mcJ zsbj Hfstf.
zkˆh ˆjfsu zdHHfhjsj kfv smsqv nrfqj rWqf ˆjf§À Ivp. kfƒ skf
smsqv dhhfsr zdHHfhj Kfjfv wkGfsvfi jvf rsqsY.
zfhc zlfzfr hstb, zfdm nf„l dhb mcnfƒsqshv lsnG hnkfm. djYc dlb dkdb
zfmfsj slJsk bf sisq pJb zfdm k]fv dbje ˆtfm, kJb zfmfsj duÎfnf
jvstb, `kcdm dYst sjfKfq?' zfdm httfm, `zfmfv ²ÃD mfvf sot; snƒ dbsq
djYcdlb hA²À dYtfm.' dkdb htstb, `zfmfslvsj Jhv lfWdb sjb? kfv ufbfpf
iVkfm.' kfviv …sE yst zfnfv ƒ¤Yf jvst dkdb zfmfsj htstb, `däkDq dhhfr
jvst bf sjb?' zfdm httfm, `zfïfr zfibfsj vrm jv¢b! sj zfmfsj smsq

38. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  36
slsh? zfdm skf lcƒ dj dkb dlvrfsmv mfdtj mfÛ.' dkdb htstb, `pdl zfdm dlƒ,
ksh kcdm jvsh dj?' zfdm httfm, `uD rAf].'
nsÌ nsÌ sJf{hf ifE jsv 2 dj 3 dlvrfm smfrsvv dhdbmsq kf]v smsqv ndrk
zfmfv dhhfr idVsq dlstb. kfviv zfdm …sE ˆtfm. kJb JcwDsk zfdm
djQjkGhAdhmCP. Osv ˆsn tfotfm dy§Àf jvsk; ‡B jvsk rsh, jfv dbje jdv?
mfodvshv bfmfp iVtfm. svfpfq dYtfm sndlb. ƒIkfv jsv vfskv Jfbf sJtfm.
Jfbf dYt v¢de W skt. ƒkAhnsv sj lvufq zfOfk jvt. zfdm httfm, `sj?'
zfo§Âj htt, `zfdm nf„l.' Hfhtfm, dkdb dj nf„l dhb mcnfƒsqh? k]fsj skf
ydïw hYv pfh{ Ov sKsj mndul YfVf zbA sjfKfW spsk slJf pfq db. …sE lvuf
Jctskƒ sldJ …dbƒ. LfvBf jvtfm, rqskf hf mk idvhkGb rsqsY. zfdm httfm,
`zfhc mcrf©ml! zfidb dbsu ˆstb! zfmfsj sFsj ifEfsk ifvskb? zfdm zfibfv
dbje zfnkfm.' dkdb htstb, `bf. ˆv rjlfv kcdm.' zfdm httfm, `zfslw
jv¢b.' dkdb htstb, `Hfhtfm, dhikµDj icv¢N kcdm; zKy skfmfv dhhfr rt. kfƒ
kcdm ˆjfjD vfk jfefW ˆef ziY¦l jvtfm. ˆƒ bfW skfmfv ²ÃD!'
slJtfm, sn kf]v snfufncdu iÇyfsk ntÏ làfqmfbf. zk}iv dkdb kfsj lvuf
ifv jsv dlsq lvuf há jsv ia²¿fb jvstb. tÏfq sn spb lvufv nfsK dmsw
sot. zfdm hfdVv Yfsl ysV iadkshwDv njtsj r]fj dltfm. njstƒ htt, `dj
hAfifv?' zfdm httfm, `nf„l kf]v smsqv nsÌ zfmfv dhhfr dlsqsYb. rEf{ jsv
dkdb kf]v smsqsj zfmfv Osv dlsq sostb. ‰ WJfsb lf]dVsq vsqsY.' njt mdrtf
kfsj slJsk ˆt.
zfmfv mfsqv jfsY Jhv sost dkdb ˆsn htstb, `dkb dlb bf nfufsbf ipG§À pdl
kcdm Wsj ±iwG jsvf ksh zfmfv syrfvf slJf skfmfv ubA rfvfm.' zkˆh dkb dlb
zsi[fv iv kfv ndrk hfnv-wpAfq dmdtk rtfm. slJtfm sn zbAkmf nc¦lvD,
jcvzfsbv rfsIp, zfïfrv vnCt  ˆv ncâfr dhNsq ncdhÎf ˆhQ öfmDv zdLjfv
dhNsq nhuf§Àf.
ˆviv ˆjmfn W²Àfl nf„slv dbje zfmfv pfWqf-zfnf dYt bf. zk}iv ˆjdlb
kf]v mndusl dosq nftfm dlst dkdb …Ùv dlstb. dj§Â sjfb jKf htstb bf.
k{iv nm²À stfj pJb mndul sKsj shv rsq sot, kJb ˆjf sisq zfmfsj
duÎfnf jvstb. `‰ stfjefv Jhv dj?' zfdm httfm, `kfv Jhv ˆmb; pf hácsk
iY¦l zfv wÛ¢sk ziY¦l jvsh.' dkdb htstb, `pdl kfv sjfb dhNq skfmfsj
nd¦lrfb jsv, ksh tfdE hAhrfv jsvf.' zk}iv hfdV dIsv ˆtfm.

39. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  37
nf„slv smsq; pfsj JtDIf zfèct mfstj dhb mfvWqfb k]fv sYst ztDslv ubA
iqofm dlsqdYstb. dj§Â dkdb vfuidvhfsv smsqv dhhfr dlsk zöDjfv jsvdYstb.
zhswsN iY¦l jvstb ˆj äDblfv ovDhsj! (zdIqfkct zf'ƒqfb 2/377)
mchfvj zfhc zfècïfrv hAfifsv jdKk zfsY sp, dkdb k]fv iaHc (mbDh) ˆv hfofsb
jfu jvskb. k]fv iaHc hfofb-mfdtj rfmfpfsbv hV hAhnfqD dYstb. ˆjdlb
hfofsb ˆsn lfnsj htstb, `mchfvj! ˆjde dmdó shlfbf yfƒ.'
mchfvj ofY rsk Jc]su Jc]su ˆjde shlfbf iaHcv rfsk dlstb. iaHc skf sHsÌ
sJskƒ yse …Estb. htstb, `skfmfsj dmdó slsJ zfbsk httfm, zKy ej shsYƒ
dbsq ˆst? dmdó slsJ dbsq ˆn.'
mchfvj zbA ˆjde ofY sKsj zfv ˆjde shlfbf ˆsb dlst dkdb sJsq slJstb
snefW ej. svso kxkDqhfv ifEfst ˆjƒ zh²¿f. iaHc htstb, `zfsv kcdm ej zfv
dmdó shlfbf jfsj hst syb bf?' htstb, `uD bf. zfibfv zbcmdk bf sisq dj jsv
sJkfm?'
lfsnv ˆƒ zfmfbklfvD W nkkf slsJ i»Hc zhfj rstb. kf]v syfsJ k]fv jlv W
mpGflf hxdÝ sit.
iaHcv dYt ˆj nc¦lvD jbAf. hù hV hV idvhfv sKsjƒ kfv dhsqv nìá zfndYt.
ˆjlf iaHc mchfvjsj sFsj htstb, `zfmfv smsqv ndrk sjmb stfsjv dhsq rWqf
…dyk ht skf?' mchfvj htstb, `ufsrdtqfk pcsov stfsjvf hQw W jctmfb slsJ
dhsq dlk, ƒqfùlDvf slq Lb slsJ, J»Dófbvf slq v™i-snZ¦lpG slsJ. dj§Â ˆƒ …©mk
sjht äDb slsJƒ dhsq dlsq Kfsj.'
ˆ Lvsbv ÎfboHG jKf iaHcv hV iY¦l rt. mchfvsjv jKf iaHc kf]v ²ÃDv dbje
…sïJ jsv htstb, `zfdm skf smsqv ubA mchfvsjv sysq zdLj …ipcÙÁ ifÛ zfv
jf…sj msb jdv bf.'
rsqW sot dhhfr. dikf …Hqsj iaycv zKG dlsq kf]slv lf©iskA nfrfpA jvstb.
ˆƒ snƒ l©idk pf]slv ŠvsN u¦m dbsqdYstb i»dnÝ mcrfdÜn, pfsrl, hDv mcpfdrl
zfècïfr dhb mchfvj. (zdIqfkct zf'ƒqfb, ƒhsb Jfsïjfb 2/238)
ˆƒ dYt smsqv hfhfslv kfslv smsqslv zfsJvfk hfbfsbfv iadk sJqft svsJ ifÛ
iY¦l jvfv iÝdk. lcdbqflfvDv iadk sJqft svsJ bq.
ˆj hAdÙÁ rfnfb hfnvD (v}) sj duÎfnf jvt, `zfmfv ˆjde smsq zfsY. hù
ufqof rsk kfv dhsqv jKf zfnsY. jfsj slh htsk ifsvb?'
rfnfb htstb, `snƒ icv¢N slsJ smsq lfW; sp zfïfrsj Hq jsv (sp ivsrpofv).
ˆsk pdl sn kfsj Hfstfhfsn kfrst kfv pKfKG jlv jvsh. zfv Hfstf bf hfnst
sn kfv …iv zkAfyfv jvsh bf. (…qCbct zfJhfv, ƒhsb jckfƒhfr 4/17)

40. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  38
wcLc zdHHfhjƒ bq hvQ sJfl smsqslvsjW ˆ hAfifsv nsykb rWqf …dyk.
zfhC kftrf kJb ƒntfm oarB jsvbdb. dkdb …s©m nctfƒmsj dhhfsrv ia²Àfh
dlst …s©m nctfƒm htstb, `zfibfv mk pchj öfmD rWqfv spfoA; vlXspfoA bb.
dj§Â zfidb skf jfsIv. zfv zfdm rtfm ˆjub mcndtm bfvD. kfƒ zfmfslv msLA
dhhfr wcÝ bq.' zfhC kftrf Lb-slZtskv stfH sldJsq htstb, `kcdm dj snfbf-
yf]dl W zKG sisq JcwD rsk ifvsh bf?'
…s©m nctfƒm htstb, `zfdm snfbf y]fdl djYcƒ yfƒbf. dj§Â zfidb ˆmb mfbcN; sp
wcbsk ifq bf, slJsk ifqbf ˆhQ sjfb …ijfv jvsk ifsv bf ˆmb sjfb rfhwD
lfsnv oVf jfsEv (mCdkG) iCuf jsvb. ˆsk dj zfibfv dhshsj hfsL bf? wcbcb, pdl
zfidb mcntmfb rb, kfrst zfdm zfibfsj dhsq jvh. zfv ƒntfm rsh zfmfv
smfrv! ˆ YfVf zbA djYc zfdm smfrvv™si yfƒbf! (kczf} 52-53ix})
…sïJA sp, zfmfv ˆj YfÛD mcJ Jcst jsqjde dhhfr ia²Àfh vlX jvst kfsj vfuD
jvfhfv ubA kfv zdHHfhj zfmfsj lfdqk¶ slb. vslv jfvB duÎfnf jvst sn
zfmfsj zflshv nfsK ufbft. `uD, Wvf mfpfv iCuf jsv.' zbA ˆj ia²Àfshv uhfsh
htt, `zfdm wcsbdY Wslv hfdVsk de-dH zfsY. zfmfv Hq rq sp zfdm Jfvfi rsq
pfh?!'
ˆv™i äDblfvD uhfh wcsb zfdm zhfj bf rsq ˆhQ kfsj wk LbAhfl W lczf bf
dlsq ifdvdb.
n†lD zfvshv zft-mfumfzfr wrsv ˆjjfst zfdm dhhfr svdu±eºDv mcrvD
(stJj) dYtfm. ˆj dhhfr mudtsn ifÛDv wkG dtJfv nmq 1m wkG dYt, sn
jstsuv zLAqb swN jvsh. 2q wkG dYt, ifÛ dnofsve Jfq, kfsj dnofsve JfWqf
YfVsk rsh!
…ÙÁ wkG iftsb hv n©mk dj bf, kf ufbsk kfsj iaw´ jvf rst sn htt, `YfVfv
syóf jvh.' jsbv jfsY kf htf rst sn htt, `syóf bq; wskG dtJcb, zfu sKsjƒ
YfVsh ˆhQ spdlb sn icbvfq dnofsve Jfsh sndlb zfmfv ˆj kftfj hst oBA rsh!
mudtsn sp hfrhf W lczfv swfv …sEdYt kf htfƒ hfùtA. idvswsN ˆƒ wskG hv
öf[v jsvdYt. zfdm dbu rfsk snƒ wkG dtsJdYtfm. zfu nmfsu lvjfv zfsY
ˆmb ocBhkD jbAfv.
dj§Â rfq! bfvDv mCtAmfb jsm pfWqfv Ist ˆhQ isBv yfsiv mcsJ hù ocBhkD
jsb zmk nsÙ¶W zspfoA ifsÛv ia²Àfh iakAfJAfb jvsk ifsv bf. jvst rqskf
zdHHfhjslv jKfv u¶ftf nrA jvfƒ lfq rsq …Esh. i[f§Àsv ifsÛv lfdV zfsY
hst zKhf smtf-sJtfq dbsq pfsh bf hst ifÛ vlX jvst kJb zdHHfhsjv sjfb

41. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  39
zncdhLf rq bf. hvQ `ˆJb sYfe smsq, wj-zfr½fl Kfjsk rsh Sh dj' -hst äDblfv
ifÛ dIdvsq dlsk ˆkecjc tÏfshfL rq bf. zKy lfhD jsv, `kfvf bfdj mcntmfb!'
nckvfQ äDblfvD W ydvÛ hAkDk zfdHufkA, bfm jvf hQw, pw, n©il, il iaHxdk
dhshybf jsv dhhfr dlst hf jvst lf©ikA-ncsJv ncdbdÇyk zfwf jvf pfq bf. diaq
bhD  hstb, ªskfmfslv dbje pJb ˆmb hAdÙÁ (dhhfsrv iqofm dbsq) zfsn; pfv
äDb W ydvsÛ skfmvf mcÊ kJb kfv ndrk (smsqv) dhhfr lfW. pdl kf bf jv
kfrst ixdKhDsk dI{bf W mrfIfnfl nxdó rsq pfsh.« (dnn} 1022bQ) dkdb zfsvf
hstb, ªsp hAdÙÁ zfïfrv n§ÂdótfsHv …sÜswA djYc lfb jsv, djYc slWqf rsk
dhvk Kfsj, jf…sj Hfstfhfsn zKhf OxBfhfsn ˆhQ kf]vƒ n§ÂdótfsHv jKf sJqft
jsv dhhfr slq, kfv „mfb iCBGfÌ „mfb.« (zf}, rf}, hf}, ndk} 2046 bQ)
zkˆh äDb W ydvsÛƒ ifÛ-ifÛDv nmkf uv¢vD. jfvB, njt iajfv hBG-ShNmA,
háb W …¤ykf-dbyckfv iafyDv ycvmfv jsv slq äDb W kfjWqf.
sjfb äDblfv ilGf-siamD ifÛ-ifÛDv ubA Ifsnj shilGf-siamD ifÛ-ifÛD rsk ifsv
bf. sjfb skZrDlhflD ifÛ-ifÛDv ubA sjfb dhlzfkD hf mfpfvD ifÛ-ifÛD rsk ifsv
bf. dmEfifdbv mfsYv ndrk zbcv™i mfsYv dhhfr swfHbDq ˆhQ sbfbfifdbv mfsYv
ndrk zbcv™i mfsYv dhhfrƒ mfbfbnƒ. bkchf dmEf ifdbv mfsYv sbfbf ifdbsk ˆsn
ˆhQ sbfbf ifdbv mfsYv dmEf ifdbsk ˆsn hfn jvf jdEbƒ rsh. zfv mfbfbnƒ
kJbƒ rq; pJb `pAfqnb jf kAfqnb wcjde jf hAfqob'-ˆv Ov isV. ˆsk öfmD-
²ÃDv mfb-zimfsbv hAfifvef nmfb ipGfsq Kfsj. bsy{ ˆƒ znmkfv jfvsBƒ jfsvf
²ÃD iaHc rq zKhf lfnD. i[f§Àsv nmkfv ²ÃD rq hác. so]sqf ifÛ-ifÛDv is[ wùsv,
dwd[skv is[ zdwd[k, ldvslav is[ LbD ifÛ-ifÛD Jch jmƒ ncJ zfbsk ifsv.
klbcv™i shilGf idvshswv ifÛD ilGf idvshsw ˆst kfv lm há rsq pfq! jfvB,
uÌstv ifJDsj snfbfv J]fyf dlstW kfv mb isV Kfsj uÌst. sjbbf, sn ilGfv
idvshwsj J]fyfƒ msb jsv! kfƒ sn dbsuW ˆmb idvshsw wfd§À ifq bf ˆhQ
„NGfhfb öfmDW kfsj dbsq zwfd§À sHfo jsv. hb sKsj hfO kcst ˆsb kfv pkƒ
kvdhqk slWqf srfj ˆhQ sifN mfbfsbf pfj bf sjb, khcW kfv mb sKsj dj§Â hb
kcst sItf pfq bf. kfƒ sn nlf I]fj sJf]su, I]fdj dlsk syóf jsv; ˆmbdj sLfjfW
dlsq hsn zsbj nmq.
zhwA ˆnh djYc rq äDblfvD kvdhqk dTst rWqfv Istƒ. äDb W kfjWqf
Kfjst öfmD-²ÃD jfsvfƒ zncdhLf rq bf.
ˆjef dhNq sJqft vfJfv sp, sjfb ifÛ hf ifÛD n©isjG ufbsk kfv äDb dhNsq
iaKsm iaw´ jvf …dy{ bq. bsy{ ˆviv snZ¦lpGfdl iY¦l bf rsq kfsj vlX jvst
äDblfv vlX jvf rq ˆhQ kfsk mrfbhD  ˆv dhsvfdLkf rq. zkˆh jkxGis[v

42. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  40
…dyk sp, zbAfbA dhNsq iaKsm iY¦l rsq swsN äDb dhNsq iaw´ (zhwAƒ) jsv äDb
Kfjst oarB jvsh, bkchf vlX jsv slsh; pJb wvDqskv dhivDk ytf rsk sh]sy
pfsh. jKfq hst, `zfso lwGb Lfdv, swsN ÈB dhyfdv.'
iajfw sp, ifÛD iYs¦lv ubA sufVf-ë™, jcioft ƒkAfdl wcH-zwcsHv djYc t[B bq.
ifÛ hf ifÛi[ ifdvifdw¶Gj zh²¿f, idvshw ƒkAfdl slsJ W duÎfnfhfl jsv sjfb
ifÛD iY¦l rst kfv zdHHfhjsj dhhfsrv ia²Àfh slsh. ksh kfv iCshG slJf …dy{
sp, snƒ ifÛD ˆƒ ifsÛv ubA omAf dj bf. zomAf hf zShL rst kfsj dhhfr ia²Àfh
slWqf rfvfm.
zbcv™i pdl kfv iCshG zbA ifdBiafKDG ‰ ifÛDv ubA ia²Àfh dlsq Kfsj, kfrst sn
uhfh bf slWqf ipG§À kfv ia²Àfshv …iv ia²Àfh hf (lv jNfjdN jsv) iastfHb ShL
bq. zsbAv zdLjfsv r²Às[i jvf ˆhQ ˆsk dhsäN osV skftf mcndtsmv jfu bq.
diaq bhD  hstb, ªˆj mcndtm ziv mcndtsmv Hfƒ. nckvfQ kfv ubA kfv
Hfsqv ÛÁq-dhÛÁsqv …iv ÛÁq-dhÛÁq ˆhQ dhhfr-ia²Àfshv …iv dhhfr ia²Àfh -kfv
sYsV bf slWqf ipG§À- rftft bq. (hc}, mc} 1414bQ)
ifÛD pdl jfsvf kftfjiafåf ²ÃD rq ksh kfv ƒÜsk kfsj dhhfr-iqofm slWqf
rfvfm. öfmD-mxkcAv ƒÜsk Kfjst ±ióHfsh ia²Àfh slWqf dbdNÝ. ƒdÌsk slWqf
yst. mrfb zfïfr hstb, ªzfv pdl skfmvf zfHfsn-ƒdÌsk …ÙÁ vmBDslvsj
dhhfr-ia²Àfh lfW zKhf z§Àsv kf sofib vfJ, ksh kfsk skfmfslv slfN rsh bf.
zfïfr ufsbb sp, skfmvf kfslv nìsá zfstfybf jvsh. dj§Â dhdLmk jKfhfkGf
YfVf sofisb kfslv dbje sjfb zÌDjfv jsvf bf. dbdlGó nmq zdkhfdrk bf rWqf
ipG§À dhhfrjfpG n©iâ jvfv nQj¬i jsvf bf ˆhQ susb vfJ, zfïfr skfmfslv
msbfHfh ufsbb. zkˆh kf]sj Hq jv.« (jc} 2/235)
zbcv™i rÏ hf …mvf jvsk dosq ƒrvfm zh²¿fq sjfb bfvDsj dhhfr ia²Àfh
slWqf zShL. (nuf} 7809bQ)
dhhfsrv iCshG ifÛ-ifÛDv vÙÁ, hDpG iaHxdk ivD[f jsv kfvf svfomcÙÁ dj bf kf
slsJ sbWqfv nmKGb vsqsY ƒntfsm. diaq bhD  hstb, ªskfmvf jcôsvfo rsk lCsv
sKsjf; spmb hfO rsk lCsv itfqb jv.« (hc} 5797bQ)
ªymGsvfofÛÁf§À …s]ev mfdtj spb nc²¿ …]e lst kfv …]e bf dbsq pfq.«(hc} 5771bQ)
ªjfsvf ubA zisvv sjfb iajfv [dk jvf ShL bq. sjfb lc'usbv ubA
i»dkswfLmCtj iv±ivsj [dkoa²À jvfW ShL bq.« (zf}, mf}, ƒmf} 2340, 2341 bQ)

43. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  41
ifÛD snZ¦lspG pkƒ iadnÝ srfj khcW kfsj dhhfsrv iCshG ˆj Utj slsJ sbWqf
…Ùm. Oesjv yejlfv jKfq n©iCBG dhÇhfn W zf²¿f bf svsJ uDhb-ndÌbDsj uDhb
kvDsk yVfhfv iCshG öys[ pfyfƒ jsv sbWqfƒ hcdÝmfsbv jfu. ˆsk dhhfsrv iv
öfmD-²ÃDv mfsU hásb mLCvkf zfsn, zdLj Hfstfhfnf nxdó rq. ˆsj zivsj
slfNfsvfi jvf sKsj hf]yf pfq ˆhQ dhhfsrv iv i²Àfsk rq bf.
ifÛD slJsk dosq ifÛ pf slJsh kf rt, ifÛDv sjht syrfvf W jdç ipG§À
r²Àäq. zbAfbA zÌ slJf hf slJfsbf ShL bq. jfvB, ˆmdbsk sjfb omAf bfvDv iadk
lxjXifk jvfƒ zShL. kfƒ iasqfusb pf ShL, kf rt ifÛDv ‰ lcƒ zÌ.
ˆƒ lwGsbv nmq ifÛDv nfsK spb kfv hfi hf Hfƒ hf sjfb mfrvfm Kfsj. kfsj
ifsÛv ndrk ˆjfdjbD sjfb v¢sm sYsV slWqf ShL bq. pdlW dhsqv jKf ifÄf rq.
ifÛ spb ifÛDv iadk jfmbusv bf slsJ. (mcobD 6/553) zfv lwGsbv nmq kfsj
dhhfr jvfv spb ifÄf ƒvflf Kfsj.
ifÛDsj idvyq duÎfnf ShL. ksh tìf nmq Lsv hdnsq vfJf ShL bq ˆhQ hfvhfv
hùhfv zKhf zdbsmNsbsÛ lDOG[B kfv iadk lxdó vfJfW zShL. zbcv™i ˆjhfv
slJfv iv icbvfq slJf hf slJsk yfWqf ShL bq. (lkf} 28ix})
ifÛDv ndrk mcnfIfrf jvf, vnftfi W vrnA jvfW zShL. djYc[B kfslv mfsU
r™lsqv zflfb-ialfb srfj, ˆƒ hst ncspfo slWqf zdHHfhsjv ubA rfvfm.
ˆƒ nmq ifÛDv mb hV jvfv ubA djYc …irfv slWqf …Ùm. jfvB,
ªn¹xdk dlsq h]fLf Kfsj iaDdk, iaDdk dlsq h]fLf Kfsj mb,
…irfsv hf]Lf Kfsj n¹xdk, kfƒ slWqf iasqfub.«
zhwA ifÛDv ost dbsu rfv ivfsbf hf rfk Lsv OdV zKhf zfQde ivfsbf rfvfm.
iv§Â iqofsmv zfQde hst djYc sbƒ. ˆmb zÌcvDqsj wcHfwcH djYc LfvBf jvf
dhlzfk W dwjG. pf ifÇyfkA-nHAkfv vDdk. (zfI} 10 ix}, zfdu} 212ix})
ˆviv iY¦l-ziYs¦lv jKf Hfhbf-dy§Àf jsv isv ufbfsh.
zbcôfb jsv [sBsjv slJfq ifÛD zfymjf nc¦lvD msb rsk ifsv zKhf ianfLb W
nfunÏfq sLfjfW rsk ifsv. kfƒ pdl sj… dhhfr jvfv ifÄf dbqsk dbu ifÛDsj
kfv W kfv zdHHfhsjv zufs§À sofisb sKsj tcdjsq slsJ, kfrst kfW ShL. ksh
ˆmb ²¿fb sKsj tcdjsq slJf ShL bq, spJfsb sn kfv ˆjf§À sofibDq zÌ iajfw
jvsk ifsv. zkˆh õcstv isK hf sjfb zfk¹Dqv hfdVsk sKsjW slJf pfq.
iiffÛÛDD llwwGGbb

44. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  42
diaq bhD  hstb, ªpJb skfmfslv sj… sjfb vmBDsj dhhfr ia²Àfh slq, kJb
pdl ia²Àfshv ubAƒ kfsj slsJ ksh kf lCNBDq bq; pdlW ‰ vmBD kf ufbsk bf
ifsv.« (dnn} 97bQ)
nfrfhD ufshv dhb zfècïfr hstb, `zfdm ˆj kv¢BDsj dhhfsrv ia²Àfh dlst kfsj
slJfv ubA tcdjsq Kfjkfm. swN ipG§À zfdm kfv snƒ snZ¦lpG slJtfm pf zfmfsj
dhhfr jvsk …{nfdrk jvt. zk}iv zfdm kfsj dhhfr jvtfm. (dnn} 99bQ)
ifÛD slJfv nmq jfstf jtsI pchj snsu kfsj sLfjf slWqf rfvfm. spmb
ifÛDis[v ubA rfvfm, ˆjubsj sldJsq zivusbv ndrk ifsÛv dhsq slWqf.
diaq bhD  hstb, ªsp (jf…sj) sLfjf slq sn zfmfslv ltHcÙÁ bq.« (ƒv} 1319bQ)
i[f§Àsv ˆjusbv nfsK dhhfsrv jKfhfkGf rsq dhhfr-hásbv nmq zsbAv nfsK
sLfjf dlsq dhsq dlst sn dhhfr wcÝ bq. ˆmb jvst smsqsj hAdHyfv jvsk slWqf
rsh. (rfdwqfkc vWdpt mcvfêf' 6/254)
ifsÛv hfdVv sp sjfb mdrtf h… slJsk ifsv. ksh ifÛ YfVf sjfb zbA icv¢N
slJsk ifsv bf; ifsÛv hfi-yfyfW bq. nckvfQ hcbfƒ hf hác nr ifsÛv ifÛD slJf
„NGfrDbkf W äDb-dhsvfdLkf. ifÛD W ifÛDis[v …dyk, ˆjmfÛ ifÛ YfVf zbA
sjfb icv¢Nsj ifÛDv syrfvf bf slJfsbf. bsy{ ˆsk njstƒ nmfb sofbfrofv rsh.
dj§Â sp bfvDsj bf yfƒstW slJf pfq, sn (se]f-se]f sjf©ifbD) bfvD W kfv
zdHHfhsjv zh²¿f dj kf zbcsmq.
ifÛD slJfv zfso zKhf isv hfdVv stfjsj slJfsbfv ubA ifÛDv Isef hf Ydh
sbWqf ˆhQ ifÛDis[v kf slWqf ƒntfsm dbdNÝ. dhswN jsv dhhfr bf rst sn Ydh
vsq pfsh ˆ shofbfv jfsY. kfYfVf „NGfrDb icv¢N rst snƒ Ydh kfv hác-hfáh W
zbAfbA icv¢N kxdåv nfsK lwGb jvsh. pfsk ifÛD W kfv zdHHfhsjv tÏf rWqf
…dyk.
zhwA iaodkwDt (lcoGdkwDt) zdHHfhsjv jfsY ˆnh LmDGq hfBD rfnAjv. dj§Â
zfïfrv zfpfh kfv ubA HqQjv. ªnckvfQ pfvf k]fv zfslswv dhv¢ÝfyvB jsv
kfvf nkjG srfj sp, dhipGq zKhf jdEb wfd²À kfslvsj oafn jvsh.« (jc} 24/63)
i[f§Àsv ifÛDsj nvfndv bf slsJ kfv Ydh slsJ iY¦l ndEj bfW rsk ifsv.
jfvB, Ydhsk snZ¦lpG hLGb ˆhQ Û¢de sofib jvf pfq sn jKf rqskf iafq njstƒ
ufsb.
ifÛDvW iY¦l-ziYs¦lv zdLjfv zfsY. nckvfQ ifÛsj ‰ nmq slsJ sbsh.
(dhhfsrv dlb dhhfrhásbv iCshG hfdVsk slJfq dhswN tfH rq bf.) kfv iY¦l bf
rst snW vlX jvsk ifsv. (lkf} 35ix})

45. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  43
dhswN jsv zifÛ, dhlzfkD, mfpfvD, shbfmfpD, Ifsnj, LCmifqD, mlAifqD,
hlsmufuD iaHxdk slsJ W wcsb kfsj dhsq jvsk vfuD bf rWqfƒ Wqfsuh. dj§Â
rfq! sn ncifÛ zfv j'ub ncwDtfv HfsoA sufse. zfv sn ncwDtfƒ hf zfsY j'ub?
i[f§Àsv äDb W ydvsÛv zbcjCt sjfb dhNq ziY¦l jsv zmk iajfw jvf
zfLcdbjfslv bkcb IAfwfb. kfƒ skf sj… ifÛ ziY¦l jsv ˆƒ usbA sp, ifsÛv
lfdV zfsY! zKhf shfvjf ivsk rsh. hfƒsv spsk ifsh bf! dnsbmf W smtf-sJtf
slJsk ifsh bf. ifÛ iAf¦eX isv bf, ifsÛv drdæ sbƒ, snfuf efƒsiv kfƒ -pdlW sn
sJfuf bq! kfƒ skf pchjvf zfïfr W klDq vnCstv dhv¢ÝfyvB jsv kfslv diaqkmf
W iaBdqbDslv ˆjf§À zbcok rsk wcv¢ jsvsY. bsy{ rqskf dhsqƒ rsh bf zKhf
si»qnDv mbnÌ ifsh bf! isBv ovm hfufsvW ˆv™i …lfrvB psKó idvlxó rq!
jfbf shÈsbv sFfotf JsÜsvv zHfh sbƒ sjfKfW! hvQ ˆƒ shÈb W kfv JsÜv
dlsqƒ rfsev iafq nm²À ²¿fb iCBG. nckvfQ zfïfrv ifbfr.
ˆjswaBDv nHA (?) mfbcN pfvf h… slJsk dosq äDb dhNsq sjfb iaw´ jsv bf.
`bfmfp isV dj bf, jcvzfb iVsk ufsb dj bf' -ˆnh dhNq ufbfv sjfb iasqfubƒ
msb jsv bf. i[f§Àsv bfy-ofb ufsb dj bf, snkfvf-shrftf hfufsk ifsv dj bf -sn
nh dhNsq iaLfb iaw´ Kfsj! zfrf! i]fyubsj sJfw jvsk ifvst kshƒ skf h… dbsq
ohG rsh!
ifÛD iY¦l bf rst ifÛ hf ifÛi[ ƒdÌsk ufdbsq slsh sp, ˆ dhsq oVf kfslv
is[ n©Hh rs¤Y bf. ±ióv™si ifÛDv sjfb slfN-Û¢de kfv zdHHfhj hf zbA
stfsjv nfmsb hBGbf jvsh bf. sp …irfv dlsq ifÛDv mcJ slsJdYt kf zfv sIv{
sbWqf ShL bq, …dykW bq. ksh dhsq rshƒ msb jsv pdl zdoam djYc smfrvfbf
(h'st …sïJ jsv) dlsq Kfsj ksh kf sIv{ sbWqf ShL ˆhQ ifÛDis[v kf sIv{
slWqf jkGhA. (ƒ'tfmct mczfdÄ„b 2/50)
iv§Â nfmfbA Û¢dev jfvsB dhhfsr uhfh dlsq zÌDjfv HÌ jvf ShL bq. jfvB
zÌDjfvhÝ rsq kf HÌ jvf mcbfdIsjv t[B. (dm} 56bQ)
spmb sjfb `KfFG ifdeG'v jKfq jfb dlsq zKhf sjfb drQncsjv jfb-HfÌfdb wcsb
dhsq sHsÌ ifÛDv mb HfÌf …dyk bq.
zbcv™i msb iY¦l rstW `isB' iY¦l bf rsq ifÛDv sjfb J]ck shv jsv dhsqsk
uhfh slWqf dbOGfk Fht zbAfq. bW-nìsáv sHfsuv Ffst thB jm rsqdYt hst
`Wvf mfbcsNv mfb ufsb bf' lcbGfm dlsq äDblfv ifÛD vlX jvfW hcdÝmfsbv jfu bq.
siecsjv mk sJsq shVfsbf zHAfn rst, dhsqv ifÄf ƒvflf bf dbsq (sp smsq rfvfm
sn) ifÛD slsJ shVfst, dbÇyq kf n¤ydvÛhfb mfbcsNv vDdk bq.

46. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  44
Shhfdrj n©ijG jfsqm jvfv hAfifsv sjfb äDblfv mfbcN pdl jfsvf jfsY ivfmwG
sbq ksh ifÛ hf ifÛDv slfN-ocB Jcst htf zhwAƒ …dyk. (dm}3324) spsrkc
mcndtm Hfƒ pdl kfv nms[, kfv ufbsk-wcbsk sjfb shäDb hf dhlzfkD W sbfQvf
idvshsw siamnCÛ ²¿fib jsv dhisl isV ksh dbÇyq ˆv lfdqk¶ sn hrb jvsh.
spsrkc ndEj ivfmwG slWqf ˆj zfmfbk. zhwA zsrkcj dbYj sjfb hAdÙÁok
öfsKG hf drQnfq zdkvÓb jsv hf pf bq kf hst dhsq HfÌfsbfW mrfifi. kfYfVf
ivdrSkdNkf äDsbv ˆj iaLfb t[A. (mc}, dm} 4966bQ) ˆ ts[A si]ZYsbf njt
mcndtsmv jkGhA.
iv§Â ªsp hAdÙÁ sjfb mcndtm Hfsqv sjfb dhil hf jó lCv jsv zfïfr djqfmsk
kfv dhil W jó lCv jvshb.« (mc}, dm} 204bQ) jbAflfq zfmfslv slswv hkGmfb
nmfsu ˆj yvm dhil. ˆ dhislW mcndtm Hfƒsj nfrfpA jvf mcndtsmv jkGhA.
zKG, ncivfmwG W ncifsÛv náfb dlsq …ijfv, hV …ijfv. zhwA ˆmb …ijfsv
dbsuv [dk ˆhQ hlbfmW rsk ifsv. jfvB, ifÛ slsJ dlsq smsqv ncJ rst kfv
mf-hfhf htsh, `zfïfr dlsqsY.' i[f§Àsv lcJ hf u¶ftf-u¶tb rst htsh, `zmcj
dlst hf dhisl sItst.' zKy ncJ-lc}J …Hqƒ zfïfrvƒ lfb; HfsoAv hAfifv.
kfYfVf susb-wcsb sj… jsó sIst slq bf. dj§Â zhcU mfbcN zdb¤Yfjxk ˆnh
dhNsq …ijfvDsjW zijfvDv™si slfNfsvfi jsv Kfsj; pf dbOGfk zbAfq. zfv ˆ
zbAfsq nhv jvfq …ijfvDv zdkdvÙÁ nWqfh tfH rq.
äDblfv ncifÛ sist zdHHfhsjv …dyk dhtì bf jvf. hfdVsk dbsuslv dJlmk
sbWqfv …sÜswA, zfsvf …]yc dwd[kf jvfv …sÜswA (spsrkc dhsqv ivW iVsk
ifsv) zKhf kfv yfjcdvv zKG JfWqfv öfsKG zKhf ofItdkv jfvsB smsq hf shfsbv
dhsq didYsq slWqf hf `dld¤Y-dlh' jvf kfv ubA ShL bq. (vfIfdb} 55ix}, rfrf}
236ix}) diaq bhD  hstb, ªskfmfslv dbje pdl ˆmb hAdÙÁ (dhsqv ia²Àfh dbsq)
zfsn pfv äDb W ydvsÛ skfmvf n§Âó ksh kfv (ndrk jbAfv) dhhfr lfW. pdl kf bf
jv ksh ixdKhDsk dI{bf W hV Ifnfl nxdó rsq pfsh.« (dk}, dm} 3090bQ) kJb ‰
smsqv il±Jtb Oest sjfeGjfYfdv hf lfÌf-jtrW rsk ifsv.
iajfw sp, pchkDv hqn rst …ipcÙÁ smfrv, ncifÛ W äDblfv hv Kfjf nsÙ¶W
zdHHfhj dbuö öfsKGv Jfdksv zbAfqHfsh kfv dhhfsr hfLf dlst sn dbsu jfuDv
dbje zdHspfo jsv dhhfr jvsk ifsv. (dInc} 2/128) bsy{ sjhtmfÛ jfsvf siasm
isV, sjfb zifsÛv ndrk zShL iaBsq sI]sn shv rsq dosq sjfseG `tfH mAfsvu'
jvf ˆhQ zdHHfhjsj ufbskW bf slWqf zKhf kfv zbcmdk bf dbsq dhhfr jvf
rfvfm W hfdkt. nfLfvBk} hAdHyfdvBDvfƒ ˆv™i dhhfr jsv dyvuDhb hAdHyfv jsv
Kfsj. (zflf}, dk}, ƒmf}, zf}, ƒv} 1840bQ, dm} 3131bQ)

47. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  45
iv§Â siam rt LCsiv mk; pfsk nchfsnv zfsmu KfjstW kfv nCÛifk rq u¶t§À
zfocb dlsq, zfv swN idvBdk rq Yfƒ dlsq. kfƒ siasm isV zfof-diYf dy§Àf bf
jsv öfmD hf ²ÃD dbhGfyb jvfq Ejsk rq zdLjfQsw.
sYstv hqn rstW nk¶v dhhfr slWqf zdHHfhsjv jkGhA. sYstsj sYfe sHsh
zhÎf jvf …dyk bq. sYst `dhsq jvh bf' htstW kfvf jkGshA diYif rsh bf.
jfvB, `icv¢sNv ˆjef hqn zfsY; pJb bfvD-sbwf sofisb mbsj sisq hsn. zh²¿fv
yfsi sn dhsq jvsh bf htstW, ndkA ndkA `bf' jvstW Ocdvsq dIdvsq bfvD-
nfdâsLAv jKf isvv mcJ dlsq wcbskW m¦l tfso bf. mb hst, `yfƒ yfƒ', mcJ hst,
`yfƒsb.' zh²¿f ˆƒ rst kfv hác-hfáshv dbje sKsjW sn vrnA …lXOfdek rsk
ifsv. nckvfQ zdHHfhj nkjG rst ifi sKsj svrfƒ sisq pfsh.
i[f§Àsv zdHHfhj pdl pchjsj dhsqsk hfLf slq zKhf äDblfv ncifÛDsj dhsq
jvsk bf dlsq kfv sjfb zfk¹Dq zifÛDsj h… jsv zfbsk yfq zKhf isB iY¦l
bf rsq dhsqsk zöfHfdhj dhtì jsvƒ pfq ksh sn s[sÛ mf-hfsiv zhfLA rWqf
ifi bq. hAdHyfsvv Hq rst zfïfr W k]fv vnCstv hfLA rWqfƒ mcndtm pchsjv
…dyk.
ksh dbYj jfsvf siasm isV ncifÛD äDblfv pchkD sYsV mf-hfsiv jKf bf smsb
dbsuv ƒ¤Yfmk zifÛD dhhfr jvf hf `tfH mAfsvu' jvfq dikfmfkfv kKf zfïfr
W vnCstv zhfLAkf rq. zfïfr pfsk vfuD, kfsk mf-hfi hf nfkocdô vfuD bf rstW
sjfb [dk rq bf. i[f§Àsv pfsk zfïfr vfuD bb, kfsk mf-hfi W syZÜocdôsj
vfuD jvf pchsjv zfk¹Dq W mfkxdikxHdÙÁ bq hvQ iahxdÙ W zfk¹kxdåv idvyq.
sjfb ifsÛv hAfifsv ifÛD hf ifÛDis[v zKhf sjfb ifÛDv hAfifsv ifÛ hf
ifÛis[v ns¦lr rst ˆhQ n©ijG oVsk nQwq W däLf rst ƒd²ÀJfvf jvst It
tfH rq. zfïfr k]fv äDblfv hf¦lf-hf¦lDsj ndEj iK dbslGw jsvb. (nbf} 3050bQ)
ncifsÛ jbAf iVst ndkAƒ snZHfsoAv dhNq. `lw icÛnm jbAf; pdl ncifsÛ isV.'
ifÛ-ifÛD iY¦l ˆhQ hfolfsbv iv kfslv zfsifsnv msLA zfnf-pfWqf, iÛftfi,
sedtsIfsb lCvftfi, ˆjfs§À ëmB, ˆsj zivsj dhswNHfsh ivD[f jvfv ubA zhfL
dmtfdmwf, sjfeXGdwi hf ƒ…svfiDq iaKfq kfslv zfsifsnv msLA mb slWqf-sbWqf
iaHxdk ƒntfsm ShL bq. `dhsq skf rshƒ' msb j'sv dhhfr-hásbv iCshG hfolÙfv
ndrk ²ÃDv™i hAhrfv, dbuGbkf zhtìb, ˆjfjD jcvzfb dw[f slWqf iaHxdkW
rfvfm. (mh} 26/136) zhwA dhhfr zfjXl n©iâ rsq Kfjst kfv ndrk (nfvfv
iCshGW) ²ÃDv mk hAhrfv jvsk ˆhQ jcvzfb W äDb dw[f ƒkAfdl dlsk ifsv.
nmfsu kf db¦lbDq rstW wvDqsk db¦lbDq bq. (I… }2/748)

48. zflwG dhhfr W lf©ikA  46
dhhfsrv iCshG Hfstfv™si sHsh dbb}-
zfidb dj Hfstfhfnfv mmGfKG ufsbb? sjht spZb-ncJ tcefƒ iajxk ncJ bq -kf
ufsbb skf? zfidb dj zfibfv kfsj ncJD W JcwD jvsk ifvshb?
zfidb kfsj dyvdlsbv ubA dbsuv zsLGj zÌ msb jvsk ifvshb? zfibfv
öf²¿Av[fv sysq lf©ikA-ncJ v[f jvsk dj zdLj nsyó rsk ifvshb?
zfibfslv …Hsqv mfsU sjfb Hct hcUfhcdUv nmq ndáv …sÜswA ˆjecW
bmbDqkf öDjfv jvsk ifvshb skf? dhhfr zfibfv hù öfLDbkf rvB jsv sbsh,
sn jKf ufsbb skf?
htf hfùtA, dhhfr sjfb mufv sJtf bq. dhhfr j]fsLv su]fqft. dhhfr `dlïD jf
tfÖc; spf Jfsqof Wr HD iYkfsqof zfWv spf sbr]D Jfsqof Wr HD iYkfsqof!
ˆ skf sot jsb W msbv jKf; dj§Â zfnt W isBv jKfef hfjDƒ sKsj sosY; pf
hkGmfb dhhfsrv mCt ²À©H! h… sjmb rsh bf rsh, kfv äDb W ydvÛ sjmb sn skf
soZB dhNq, mcJA dhNq rt, `jk dj dlsk ifvsh?' kfƒ skf bkcb ufmfƒ w¶wcv hfdV
sost `ufmfƒef jfv?' iasw´v …Ùsv ˆjƒ jKf htf rq `ufmfƒ efjfv!'
iB? iB ˆj zfÇypG pflc! isBv `snfbfv jfdE' W spZkcsjv `v™ifv jfdE' äfvf
smsq w¶wcvhfdVsk ƒ¤YfncJ sisk ifsv.
iB; ufrfâfmsj ufâfk ˆhQ ufâfksj ufrfâfm hfbfsk ifsv!
iB; bfvDv zhmfbbf, bfvDv mpGflfq jcEfvfJfk, kfv zdLjfv rvB.
iB; pchuDhsbv zdHwfi. zwfd§Àv dhNfÙÁ lfhfbt.
iB; ²ÃDv dbje hAdÙÁk¶ dhÛÁsqv mCtA.
iB; ƒntfmD dhLfsbv dbtGÏ dhv¢ÝfyvB.
iB; zKG-stftcikf, swfNB W iDVb.
iB; ˆj iajfv OcN. zfv diaq bhD  OcNlfkf W oarDkf …Hqsjƒ zdHwfi
jsvsYb.« (ƒv} 2621bQ)
iB; zn{ …ifsq zsbAv zKG zfk¹nf{. zfv zfïfr hstb, ªskfmvf zbAfq
Hfsh ˆsj zisvv n©il oafn jsvf bf ˆhQ susb-wcsb stfsjslv Lb n©islv
djqlQw zbAfqHfsh oafn jvfv …sÜswA dhyfvjoBsj …{sjfy dlW bf. (jc} 2/188)
hvisBv mft rfvfsmv mft. jbAfis[v jKfq `rfvfsmv mft rfvfsm pfj.' jfvB,
nfLfvBk} kf rq, iChG sKsjƒ `dIÆXF dFsifdue' jvf nCslv zKG zKhf ycdv hf rvI
iB W spZkcj