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1. UNIVERSIDAD TECNICA DE MACHALA
ACADEMIC UNIT OF CHEMICAL
SCIENCES AND HEALTH
MEDICINE SCHOOL
ENGLISH
GASTRITIS
STUDENTS
William Cruz
Kevin Herrera
Jorge Pacheco
Angie Chamba
Sonia Quijilema
TEACHER:
Mgs. Barreto Huilcapi Lina Maribel
CLASS:
EIGHTH SEMESTER ‘’A’’
Machala, El Oro
2018

2. Gastritis
Definition
It is a general term used to refer to a group of diseases that have one thing in common: the
inflammation of the lining of the stomach. The inflammation of gastritis is usually caused
by the same bacterial infection that causes most stomach ulcers. The frequent use of certain
analgesics and drinking too much alcohol can also contribute to gastritis.
Gastritis can occur suddenly (acute gastritis) or occur slowly over time (chronic gastritis).
In some cases, gastritis can cause ulcers and an increased risk of stomach cancer. However,
for most people, gastritis is not serious and improves quickly with treatment.
Etiology
The causes that can cause inflammation of the lining of the stomach are:
 Some drugs, such as acetylsalicylic acid, naproxen, or ibuprofen.
 Infection of the stomach with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori.
 Abuse of alcohol or ingestion of corrosive substances, such as some type of poison.
 Ingestion of spicy foods
 Cocaine consumption.
 Smoke.
 Reflux of bile into the stomach or bile reflux.
 Autoimmune disorders

3.  Viral infection, especially in people with deficits in the immune system.
 Excessive stress
Other less common causes that can cause gastritis are the fact of having undergone major
surgery or suffering from a gastric illness that can inflame the stomach lining.
Signs and symptoms
Although in some occasions this pathology does not present symptoms, the people who
suffer it can experience the following annoyances:
 Abdominal pain.
 Nausea and vomiting.
 Heartburn.
 Aerophagia.
 Absence of hunger or lack of appetite, which can sometimes lead to weight loss.
 Black stools and bloody vomiting, in the event that gastritis causes bleeding in the
lining of the stomach.
Diagnosis
The severity of the disease and its duration depend on the causative agent, so that in most
cases the gastritis is cured when the substance, disease or condition that causes it
disappears. The main complications that can occur are bleeding and the increased risk of
stomach cancer. Sometimes, if the mucous lining the stomach remains too long altered,
acids can cause ulcers.
Among the tests and tests that can be performed to detect gastritis is the blood test, in order
to analyze the level of red blood cells and detect a possible anemia that can lead to a
weakening of the lining of the stomach; a gastroscopy to check the inside of the stomach
and the state of the mucous membranes; a stool test to check for bleeding, which can be a
sign of gastrointestinal bleeding caused by gastritis and also to detect the presence of the
bacterium Helicobacter pylori.

4. Treatment
The treatment depends on what is causing the problem. Some of the causes will disappear
with time.
You may need to stop taking acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), ibuprofen, naproxen, or other
medications that may be causing gastritis. Always check with your health care provider
before stopping any medication.
You can use other over-the-counter and prescription drugs that decrease the amount of acid
in your stomach, such as:
Antacids
Antagonists H2: famotidine (Pepsid), cimetidine (Tagamet), ranitidine (Zantac) and
nizatidine (Axid)
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs): omeprazole (Prilosec), esomeprazole (Nexium),
iansoprazole (Prevacid), rabeprazole (AcipHex) and pantoprazole (Protonix)
Antacids may be used to treat chronic gastritis caused by infection with the bacterium
Helicobacter pylori.
Prevention
The prevention of gastritis is to avoid the use of substances that can inflame the lining of
the stomach. Avoid prolonged use of medications such as naproxen, ibuprofen or
acetylsalicylic acid, as well as reducing or suppressing the intake of alcohol and foods that
may irritate the stomach lining, will prevent the development of gastritis caused by this
type of agents.
Bibliography
 Croxtall JD, Perry CM, Keating GM. Esomeprazole in gastroesophageal reflux
disease in children and adolescents. Pediatr Drugs 2008; 10: 199-205.
 Croom KF, Scott LJ. Lansoprazole in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux
disease in children and adolescents. Drugs 2005; 65: 2129-2135.
 Dohil R, Hassall E. Gastritis, gastropathy and ulcer disease. R. Wyllie and JS
Hyams Ed. Pediatric Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, 2006; 373-407.