12. WORLD WAR II Given to allied troops to fight hunger and fatigue Hitler is said to have used it 8 times a day Used by kamikaze pilots for courage
13. 1960s “SPEED, CHALK, CRANK” Amphetamine trade Smuggled by biker gangs in crankcases of bikes “crank.” Speedballs-combination of amphetamine and heroin shot up
14. 9 Q: What over-the-counter (OTC) drug is used to make illegal methamphetamine?
15. The answer is… Pseudoephedrine can be used to make methamphetamine 10
16. 99% OF METH USED IN U.S. COMES FROM PSEUDOEPHEDRINE
19. THE CHEMICAL PROCESS O C10H15NO C10H15N + HCl Add Hydrogen Chloride to make it water-soluble
20. Red Phosphorus Method This method combines red phosphorous, usually taken from the strips in matchboxes: pseudoephedrine, from cold tablets and iodine. This method produces phosphine gas which can be lethal!
21. The Ammonia Method The other method, more common in farming country, involves anhydrous ammonia, a liquid fertilizer, cooked with PSE & lithium, taken from batteries This method produces a cloud of ammonia gas, which is extremely dangerous!
22. SCRATCH ONE OXYGEN ATOM Drain Cleaner Extracted Sodium or Lithium Metal 3 Li Lithium 11 Na Sodium Alkali Metals Lithium Batteries Lye – Sodium Hydroxide Gas
29. Yes! For each pound of methamphetamine produced, five to seven pounds of toxic waste remain, which is often introduced into the environment via streams, septic systems, and surface water run-off.
31. National Oversight Agencies Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) State boards of pharmacy Michael J. Ochs. 22
32. Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) on controlling drug diversion Most of its effort spent on illegal drug trafficking, but also supervises legal use of controlled substances Inspects medical facilities and pharmacies; usually just those where suspicious activity has been detected It monitors shipping of legal controlled substances across United States borders, and gives permits for imports/exports. Michael J. Ochs 23
33. Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970– (Federal) Referred to as the Controlled Substances Act 1986 attempted revision fought by drug manufacturers. Created to combat drug abuse Classified drugs according to their potential for abuse Michael J. Ochs 24
34. Abuse Potential and Schedules Examples I - marijuana, heroin, no medical usage II - morphine, oxycodone (OxyContin®), hydromorphone (Dilaudid®) III - methylphenidate (Ritalin®), hydrocodone (Vicodin®, Lortab®), anabolic steroids (Anadrol® ) IV - benzodiazepines such as diazepam (Valium®) and alprazolam (Xanax®) V - Medications having limited opioids in combination with other substances (codeine containing analgesics, cough and cold preparations) 25 Schedule Most Abusive LessAbusive
35. Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act of 2005– (Federal){Title VII of Public Law 109-177} Restricts the availability of products used to make it: Pseudoephedrine Ephedrine Products must be stored “behind the counter” and purchases must be documented. Michael J. Ochs 26
36. Methamphetamine Production Prevention Act of 2007 Systemic state-wide means for law enforcement to capture the identity of purchasers, the date and time of purchase, and the identity and quantity of the product purchased from the retail industry; to analyze the data; and to make it readily accessible to other retailers and police agencies
38. M.M.C.R.S.C.A. and M.P.C.A In 2004 Lisa Madigan proposed the Methamphetamine Manufacturing Chemical Retail Sale Control Act(MMCRSCA). Effective 2005, required retailers to place adult-strength cold tablets with ephedrine or pseudoephedrine as their sole active ingredient behind store counters or in locked cases. In 2006, in response to tougher restrictions within neighboring states, the Methamphetamine Precursor Control Act(M.P.C.A.), made all products containing PSE/EPH, C-V (control schedule 5) substances.
39. Manufacturer’s Response Pfizer and McNeil preemptively took steps to avoid angry customers and appease government. Reformulation of Sudafed called Sudafed PE. “Un-Cookable “
43. Multi-state electronic PSE sales blocking system. Accessible to any state that authorizes real-time, statewide electronic blocking of illegal PSE sales. National Precursor Log Exchange (NPLEx)
44.
45. This map include all meth incidents, including labs, "dumpsites" or "chemical and glassware" seizures.
Given to Nazi Soldiers Hitler was a known addict5 tablets were given to Allied soldiers to combat fatigueAdvertise
NPLEx is a unique public/private partnership offering a real-time electronic methamphetamine precursor tracking service, free of charge, to law enforcement and state governments.The information is transmitted instantly to the database where it is available for review by law enforcement.