Schematic and PCB Design Using Eagle

Introduction to
EMBEDDED SYSTEM II
(2nd Edition)
SHIBU K V
Dr Moe Moe Myint
Department of Computer Engineering & Information Technology
Mandalay Technological University
www.slideshare.net/MoeMoeMyint
moemoemyint@mtu.edu.mm
drmoemoemyint.blogspot.com
IT-52061
Chapter 8

Learning Objectives
 Learn about the various elements of Embedded Hardware and their design principles
 Refresh knowledge on the basic Analog Electronic components and circuits – Resistor, Capacitor, Diode,
Inductor, Transistor etc. and their use in embedded applications
 Refresh knowledge on the basic Digital Electronic components and circuits – Logic Gates, Buffer Ics, Latch
ICs, Decoder and Encoder ICs, Multiplexer (MUX) and De-multiplexer (D-MUX), Combinational and
Sequential Circuits and their use in embedded applications
 Learn about Integrated Circuits (ICs), the degree of integration in various types of Integrated Circuits,
Analog, Digital and Mixed Signal Integrated Circuits, the steps involved in IC Design
 Learn about Electronic Design Automation tools for Embedded Hardware Design and EDA tools for Printed
Circuit Board Design
 Familiarize with the usage of the Orcad EDA tool from Cadence software for Printed Circuit Board Design
Department of Computer Engineering and Information Technology
Lecture Slides for Textbook Introduction to Embedded Systems, Moe Moe Myint, 2017-2018
2

 Familiarize with the different entities for circuit diagram design (schematic design) using the Eagle tool.
Familiarize with the different entities of the Eagle CIS tool like ‘Drawing Canvas’, ‘Drawing Tool’,
‘Drawing Details’, ‘Part Number creation’, ‘Design Rule Check (DRC)’, ‘Bill of Material (BoM)’ creation,
‘Netlist file creation for PCB blueprint design, etc.
 Familiarize with the usage of ‘Layout’ tool from Cadence for generating the PCB design files from the
circuit diagram description file (From Netlist file)
 Learn the building blocks of ‘PCB Layout’ – Footprints (Component Packages), Routes/Traces, Layers, Via,
Marking text and graphics, etc.
 Learn about Board Outline creation, Component placement, Layer selection, PCB Track Routing, Assembly
note creation, Text and graphics addition, PCB Mounting hole creation, Design Rule Checking, Gerber file
creation, etc. using Layout tool
 Learn the important guidelines for a good PCB design
 Learn about the different mechanisms for PCB fabrication, different types of PCBs, How a finished PCB
looks like and how it is made operational
Cont’d
3

Outlines
 Analog Electronic Components 229 (Roll no.1)
 Digital Electronic Components 230 (Roll no. 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11)
 VLSI and Integrated Circuit Design 243 (Roll no. 12, 13,14)
 Electronic Design Automation (EDA) Tools 248 (Roll no. 15)
 How to use the OrCAD Eagle EDA Tool? 249
 Schematic Design using OrCAD Eagle Capture CIS 249
 The PCB Layout Design 267
 Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Fabrication 288
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Schematic Design Using Eagle
 Schematic is a way of representing the different components (can be an electronic component
like resistor, integrated circuit, capacitor, etc. or a mechanical/electromechanical component
like push button switch, relay, etc.) involved in a hardware product and how each components
are interconnected together.
 You can create a schematic design either by hand sketch on a paper or by electronic sketch
using Eagle tool and build a real electronic circuit out of it to test in the real world.
 The Eagle tool is an electronic schematic/PCB design tool.
5

Schematic Design Using Eagle
For Example
6

Cont’d
 To create a schematic using this, execute the ‘Eagle Demo’ application.
 The following window will appear on your desktop.
7

Create New Project and Schematic
 The first step is to create a new project and a new schematic in Eagle.
 Choose ‘File>>New>>Project’ from the menu.
 Add a new schematic to the project by selecting ‘File>>New>>Schematic’ from the menu.
 You now have a blank schematic ready for drawing.
 A new schematic window will open with a blank work space.
 This is called the Schematic Editor, where you can draw schematics of your design.
 Save the schematic file with extension .sch.
8

Designing Schematic for PCB
After this, we have to add the necessary components which we are going to use in our schematic.
 But, before that, we need to adjust the grid size of the schematic.
 Select the Grid option and set the size to 1mm. (Note: Setting Grid is optional and set the values
you are comfortable with.)
You can turn on the grid by selecting display on option.
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Schematic Editor
 We continue by adding the four resistors to the schematic.
 Select ‘Add’ from the menu in the schematic editor.
 The ‘Add’ dialog box appears.
 Here we want to locate a resistor.
 Write ‘resistor’ in the search field and press Enter.
 You will probably find many alternatives.
 Choose a through-hole resistor called R-EU_0207/10 from the ‘resistor’ library.
 Choose one and press OK.
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• Place the resistor on your schematic by left-clicking.
• If you want to rotate the component, right click.
• After placing the component on the schematic, press Esc to return to the component selection window.
• Do this four times to get four resistors, then press ESC to return to the ‘Add’ dialog box.
• Continue to add the capacitors, transistors and LEDs in the same way.
• Add Power Connection
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Electrical Rule Check
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Cont’d
 Now we are ready to run an Electrical Rule Check (ERC) to see if there are any mistakes
that need to be fixed.
 Select ‘Tools>> ERC’ from the menu.
 When you run it u get some warnings telling you that something don’t have any defined
values.
 You know that you click ‘Approve’ on both of them.
13

Cont’d
 Our Schematic is now complete.
 Now, it’s time to create a PCB from the schematics.
14

How to design a PCB Layout
Using Eagle
15

Printed Circuit Board (PCB)
 A PCB or (Printed Circuit Board) is a board that contains several electrical components that are
connected using conductive electrical tracks.
 A PCB provides physical support for mounting the electronic components and also the
electrical connections between them.
 Students, hobbyists and beginners in electronics often start working on electronic circuits using
breadboards.
 They are suitable for small projects which involve a limited number of components (through-
hole components) and connections.
16

Why do we need PCBs?
 If you want to make your design more appealing, then PCBs are the next step.
 With the help of PCBs, we can avoid common problems like noise, distortion, imperfect
contact, etc.
 Moreover, if you want to go commercial with your design, you have to use a proper circuit
board.
17

Step for Making your own PCB
 In this article, I’ll show you a step-by-step tutorial on how to design PCB using Eagle and also
make your own PCB at home.
For this you will need to follow the three steps or procedures:
 Designing schematic of the design
 Drawing the layout for the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) and
 Making the board (there are different ways to do this)
 The first two tasks i.e. schematic and circuit board layout are done with the help of a Eagle
Tool.
 There are many Tools for designing PCBs like Altium Designer, Cadence orCAD, Mentor
Graphics PADS, Autodesk Eagle, KiCad, etc.
18

Cont’d
 In this tutorial, we are going to use Autodesk Eagle CAD.
 Eagle is available in three variants: Eagle Free, Eagle Standard and Eagle Premium.
 Eagle Free, as the name suggest, is a free to use PCB design software which can be used for
capturing schematics and PCB Layout.
 The other two variants are subscription based software and have additional features like more
schematic sheets, more signal layers and more board area.
 You can download the free version of the Eagle PCB from the Autodesk’s official website or
follow this link.
https://trial2.autodesk.com/NET17SWDLD/2017/EGLPRM/ESD/Autodesk_EAGLE_9.0.1_Engli
sh_Win_64bit.exe
 After downloading and installing the Eagle CAD (you might need to register with Autodesk),
open the Eagle Software from the desktop shortcut. You will get the control Panel of the Eagle.19

Create PCB from Schematic
 We start by opening our schematic diagram in Eagle.
 Click on the ‘Board’ button (or choose ‘Switch to board’ from the top toolbar) to create a board
for this schematic.
 You can create the board file from the schematic.
1. Switch
to board
No. 2
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 A new window opens which is the PCB layout editor.
 The black space is the board area and all the components are at the outside bottom left of the
board area.
 Now, we need to place the components in to the editor.
 You can adjust the grid size of the PCB layout editor, if you want.
 Now using the group option from the side tool bar, select all the components and using
move option move all the components and populate the board area.
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Group Move
 Using the move option, place the components on the board as per the position you want
the components to be on the board.
22

Cont’d
 You can see thin yellow wires running between the
components.
 These wires are called air wires and are representation of
connections between components.
 When we route the path between components, these air
wires will disappear as an indication of successful
connection.
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 Now, it is time to make the connections or traces for the Printed Circuit Board.
 For this, we are going to use the Route tool from the side tool bar.
 Also set the width of the trace to be routed as your requirement.
 Here, I’ve set the trace width to approximately 1mm.
 Then, select the signal layer i.e. bottom layer, as our PCB is a single sided board.
Route
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Cont’d
 Start routing the traces from pin to pin.
 As you progress with routing, the air wires will start disappearing.
25

Do It Yourself (DIY)
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Homework
1. What is Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tool. Explain the role of EDA tools in
embedded system design.
2. What is schematic? Explain the role of schematic in embedded hardware design.
3. Explain the general guidelines for an efficient PCB layout.
4. Explain PCB in the Hardware Design context? Explain the different types of PCBs.
5. Explain the different PCB fabrication techniques. State the merits and drawbacks of each.
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 Only Original Owner has full rights reserved for copied images.
 This PPT is only for fair academic use.
 Coming soon for chapter 8 (2nd portion)
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Schematic and PCB Design Using Eagle

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