A PROPOSAL ON WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND COMMUNICATION PROGRAM AMONG THE MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT WORKERS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN CITY

1. A PROPOSAL ON
WORKPLACE HEALTH PROMOTION, EDUCATION AND
COMMUNICATION PROGRAM AMONG THE MUNICIPAL SOLID
WASTE MANAGEMENT WORKERS OF POKHARA METROPOLITAN
CITY
Assignment Submitted by
Jene Shrestha
Santosh Pahari
Submitted to
Professor Arun Kumar Koirala
Master of Public Health Program
School of Health and Allied Sciences
Faculty of Health Sciences
Pokhara University
Kaski, Nepal
July 2019

2. Workplace Health Promotion, Education And Communication Program
Among The Municipal Solid Waste Management Workers Of Pokhara
Metropolitan City
1. Introduction
1.1 Background
According to the definition stated in Luxembourg Declaration, Workplace Health
Promotion(WHP) is ‘‘the combined efforts of employers, employees and society to improve the
health and well-being of people at work which can be achieved through a combination of
improving the work organization and the working environment, promoting active participation,
encouraging personal development’’ [1]
WHP can be implemented with the help of specially designed programs (opportunities available
to employees at the workplace or through outside organizations to begin, change, or maintain
health behaviors) and environ- mental support (improving various facilities at and nearby the
workplace that help protect and enhance employee health) [2].
Occupational health, as defined by a joint committee of World Health Organization (WHO) and
International Labor Organization (ILO) in 1950, involves the promotion and maintenance of the
highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations by
preventing departures from health, controlling risks and the adoption of work to people and
people to their job. [3]
Thus, it is cross-disciplinary area concerned with the safety, health and welfare of the people at
their workplace.
Municipal solid waste is an outcome of economic productivity and consumption and includes
wastes from households, commercial establishments, institutions, markets, and industries and its
handling and disposal is a growing environmental and public health concern. Solid waste
management encompasses a wide range of activities including, collecting garbage; collection,
sorting recyclable materials; collection and processing of commercial and industrial waste. [4]

3. The Solid Waste Management National Policy, 1997 (2053 BS) is the main policy document for
managing solid waste.
As per the report of Ministry of Local Development, Pokhara Sub- Metropolitan City generates
solid waste of 123.45 tons per day and the total municipal waste collection is 28.39 tons per day,
which is based on the estimated population of 2008 (214,226). Average waste generation of the
city is 0.42 kg per person per day.
The total expenditure in solid waste management is NPR 83, 12, 93,369. Furthermore, there are
56 percent organic waste, 16.2 percent plastic, 8.9 percent paper and 16.5 percent inert waste.
The existing waste collection services in the city are Door-to-Door service and daily Road pick-
up services. To collect the waste, tractor trailer, tripper, rickshaw and specific services
(compactors) are used. There is a controlled sanitary landfill site 12 km away from the city in
Bachhebuduwa Ward No.18 near the converging point of Seti river and Phusre Khola being used
for 3 years.[5]
1.2 Statement of the problem
The ILO also estimates that 160 million cases of non-fatal work-related diseases occur annually.
These estimates imply that that every day approximately 6,400 people die from occupational
accidents or diseases and that 860,000 people are injured on the job. Furthermore, as estimates
show, work-related diseases represent the main cause of death at work, killing almost six times
more workers than occupational accidents. [6]
A study in India municipal solid waste workers revealed that workers were at high risk of
occupational diseases and injuries. The prevalence of observed morbidity were Respiratory
disease (Infections/allergies) 21.0%, Eye problems 33.2%, Skin problems 36.4 %, Nail infections
47.0% and Genitourinary problems 33.5%. The reported prevalence of occupation related
morbidities like falls (63.6%), accidents (22%), injuries (73.2%), and water vector borne disease
(7.1%) were high.[4]
A Case of Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal revealed that skin allergies were most common
among workers in Kathmandu Metropolitan city. Situation of waste workers was observed very
bad, because they were expose daily to poor air quality and come to contact with numbers of
pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganism.[7]

4. 1.3 Rationale of the Program
Solid waste management (SWM) is one of the major environmental issues in cities of many
developing countries, including Nepal. Urban population growth and economic development
lead to increasing generation of municipal solid waste (MSW). [8]
All activities in solid waste management involve risk, either to the worker directly involved, or
to the nearby resident. Risks occur at every step in the process, from the point where residents
handle wastes in the home for collection or recycling, to the point of ultimate disposal.[9]
Municipal waste management workers are exposed to occupational health and accident risks
related to the content of the materials they handled, emissions from those materials, and the
equipments being used.
This health education program intends to aware SWM workers on health risks and hazards
associated with solid waste handling. Further, this health education program advocates for
preventive, promotive and control measures including immunization, PPE and periodic health
screening. Ultimately, it will help to uplift their knowledge and practice to prevent from
occupational diseases.
1.4 Objectives of the HPEC Program
General Objective
 To provide health education on occupational health and safety to SWM workers to
prevent, promote and protect their health.
Specific Objectives
 To aware SWM workers on Health risks and hazards associated with waste handling.
 To motivate for adoption of preventive, promotive and control measures to promote and
prevent health of the SWM workers.
 To advocate stakeholders for regular supply of PPE commodities and monitoring for
program effectiveness

5. 2. Methodology
2.1 Target Beneficiaries:
Solid waste management workers of Pokhara Metropolitan City and focal person of SWM
department of Metropolitan.
2.1 No. of beneficiaries: 20
2.2 Method of Health Education: Lecture Method
2.3 Health Education Media: PowerPoint presentation, Video
3. Implementation Strategy
Interaction with Ministry of Social Development office and Solid Waste management
Department of Pokhara Metropolitan city
Submission of the Proposal to Ministry of Social Development
Collaborative meeting with Ministry of Social development Office
Approval of grant
Planning for Implementation of the program through coordination with relevant stakeholders
Implementation of Program
Evaluation
Supervision and Monitoring for effectiveness of Program by Metropolitan city

6. 4. Quality Assurance of HPEC program
The relationship between this quality assurance process and approaches during HPEC
interventions will be considered. Some strategies for quality assurance that will be followed are,
setting standards, developing facilitator’s guideline, use of appropriate and consistent
methodologies followed by monitoring and supervision visits by experts and dissemination of
program output on the effectiveness of HPEC interventions.
4. Report writing and Dissemination
A detail report of HPEC program intervention will be compiled and submitted to Ministry of
Social Development and also to Pokhara Metropolitan City. Event completion report will be
disseminated through print formats such as newsletters and also through mass communication
channels.
5. Ethical clearance with concern body
The program will be approved by Ministry of Social Development, Gandaki Province. All the
participants will be well informed about the program.

7. 6. Lesson Plan
Lesson plan for one day orientation to solid waste management workers of Pokhara
Metropolitan City
Venue: Hotel Mt. Machhapuchre, Ramghat Time: 10:00 AM – 4:00 PM
Date: 15th
August 2019
SN Activities Method/Media Time
duration
1 Program Objectives Power point
presentation
Trainer 15
minutes
2 Introduction; Solid Waste,
types and it’s management
Brain storming,
presentation
Trainer/Participants 30
minutes
3 Health Risks and Occupational
Hazards during SWM
Discussions and
video show
Trainer/Participants 30
minutes
4 Problem Statement
(Global/National/Provincial)
Presentation Trainer 15
minutes
5 Solid Waste Management
process in context of Nepal,
diff. agencies enrolled for
SWM
Presentation Trainer 30
minutes
6 Appropriate Dumping,
Segregation, Transportation
and disposal at landfill sites
Discussions and
Presentation
Trainer/Participants 15
minutes
7 Preventive, Promotive and
Controlling measures from
health risks including
Immunization, PPE and
periodic health screening
Presentation Trainer 45
minutes

9. 7. Action Plan
List of Activities
Timeframe
July 25-
30
Aug 1st
week
Aug 2nd
week
Aug 3rd
week
Proposal writing and Submission to Ministry of
Social Development, Pokhara
Collaborative meeting with Ministry of Social
Development and Pokhara Metropolitan City
Approval and Receiving grant
Finalized the date and inform to participants
Implementation guideline preparation
Implementation of HPEC program
Reporting and Dissemination

10. 8. Budget
SN Activities/Particulars Unit Unit
price
Quantity Total (NRs) Remarks
1 Snacks Cost for
Collaborative meeting
person 150 12 1800
2 Manual printing Pc 420 2 840
3 HPEC Implementation
Stationary for participants Pc 100 20 2000
Facilitation cost for
Trainers
person 3000 3 9000
Snack Cost person 150 26 3900
4 Report printing pages 5 120 600
5 Event reporting through
media
- 5000 2 10000 Local
Newspaper
and Radio
6 Communication cost - - - 5000 Entire
program
7 Travel cost for
participants
person 200 20 4000
Total Budget NRs.37,140

11. List of Appendices:
A. References
1. Luxembourg Declaration on Workplace Health Promotion in the European Union (1997).
ENWHP; 2007, Available at: http://www.enwhp.org/fileadmin/rs-
dokumente/dateien/Luxembourg_Declaration.pdf [accessed 26.7.19].
2. Workplace Health Program Definition and Description Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention. Available at https://www.cdc.gov/workplacehealthpromotion/pdf/workplace-
health-program-definition-and-description.pdf[accessed 26.7.19].
3. ILO. Occupational Safety and Health Policy Document 2016-2020 [Internet].
International Labour Organization; 2016. Available from:
http://www.ilo.org/dyn/legosh/en/f?p=LEGPOL:503:8753526197935:::503:P503_REFE
RENCE_ID:311978
4. Thayyil Jayakrishnan, Mathummal Cherumanalil Jeeja, Rao Bhaskar. Occupational
health problems of municipal solid waste management workers in India. International
Journal of Environmental Health Engineering May-June 2013; 2(3)
5. Global trends on Occupational Accidents and Diseases. International Labour
Organization; 2015.
6. Solid waste management in Pokhara - Wonderful Beautiful Nepal [Internet]. [cited 2019
Jul 26]. Available from: http://newnepaldream.blogspot.com/2016/08/solid-waste-
management-in pokhara.html
7. Rishikesh Pandey. Solid Waste Management Practice and Health Implication: A Case of
Kathmandu Metropolitan City, Nepal. The Himalayan Review 35-36 (2004-2005) 33-47
8. Asian Development Bank. Solid Waste Management in Nepal Current Status and Policy
Recommendations. 2013.

13. B. Agenda of the Program
S
N
Activity Method/
Media
Responsibility Time
duration
Remarks
1 Registration Attendanc
e sheets
Organizer 10:00 – 10:15
2 Formal ceremony and
welcome speech
- Organizer 10:15 – 10:30 Chaired by
Chief
Minister-
Gandaki
Province
Chief guest-
Pokhara
Metropolitan
Chief
3 Speech of guests and
ending of formal session
by Chairman
- - 10:30 – 11:00
Technical Session
4 Program Objectives Power
point
presentatio
n
Trainer 11:00 – 11:15
5 Introduction; Solid Waste,
types and it’s management
Brain
storming,
presentatio
n
Trainer/Partici
pants
11:15 – 12:45
6 Health Risks and
Occupational Hazards
during SWM
Discussions
and video
show
Trainer/Partici
pants
12:45 – 1: 15 Video
explaining
health hazards
due to
inappropriate
handling of
SW
7 Problem Statement
(Global/National/Provinci
al)
Presentatio
n
Trainer 1:15 – 1: 30
Break 1:30 – 2:00
8 Solid Waste Management
process in context of
Nepal, diff. agencies
enrolled for SWM
Presentati
on
Trainer 2:00 – 2:30

14. 9 Appropriate Dumping,
Segregation,
Transportation and
disposal at landfill sites
Discussion
s and
Presentati
on
Trainer/Partici
pants
2:30 – 2:45
10 Preventive, Promotive and
Controlling measures from
health risks including
Immunization, PPE and
periodic health screening
Presentati
on
Trainer 2:45 – 3:30
Tea Break 3:30 -3:40
11 Review of the day Open
Sharing
Participants 3:40 – 3:55 Moderate by
Trainer
12 Ending of the Program - Organizer 3:55 – 4:00 Ending by
Chair of the
day