medical

2. Anatomy of nervous system
 The nervous system consists of two divisions: the central nervous
system (CNS), including the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral
nervous system, made up of the cranial and spinal nerves.
 The peripheral nervous system can be further divided into the somatic,
or voluntary, nervous system, and the autonomic, or involuntary,
nervous system.

3.  The function of the nervous system is to control all motor, sensory,
autonomic, cognitive, and behavioral activities.
 The nervous system has approximately 10 million sensory neurons
that send information about the internal and external environment to
the brain and 500,000 motor neurons that control the muscles and
glands.

4.  The brain itself contains more than 20 billion nerve cells that link the
motor and sensory pathways, monitor the body’s processes, respond
to the internal and external environment, maintain homeostasis, and
direct all psychological, biologic, and physical activity through
complex chemical and electrical messages.

5. Cells of the Nervous System
 The basic functional unit of the brain is the neuron.
 It is composed of a cell body, a dendrite, and an axon.
 The dendrite is a branch-type structure with synapses for receiving
electrochemical messages.
 The axon is a long projection that carries impulses away from the cell body.
 Nerve cell bodies occurring in clusters are called ganglia or nuclei. A cluster
of cell bodies with the same function is called a center (eg, the respiratory
center).
 Neuroglial cells, another type of nerve cell, support, protect, and nourish
neurons.

6. Neuron.

7. Neurotransmitters
 Neurotransmitters communicate messages from one neuron to another
or from a neuron to a specific target tissue.
 Neurotransmitters are manufactured and stored in synaptic vesicles.

8. ANATOMY OF THE BRAIN
 The brain is divided into three major areas: the cerebrum, the brain
stem, and the cerebellum.
 The cerebrum is composed of two hemispheres, the thalamus, the
hypothalamus, and the basal ganglia.
 Additionally, connections for the olfactory (cranial nerve I) and optic
(cranial nerve II) nerves are found in the cerebrum.
 The brain stem includes the midbrain, pons, medulla, and connections
for cranial nerves II and IV through XII.
 The cerebellum is located under the cerebrum and behind the brain
stem.

9. View of the external surface
of the brain showing lobes, cerebellum,
and brain stem.

10. Topography of the
cortex as it relates to function.

11. Medial view of the brain.

12. Bones and sutures of the skull.

13. Meninges and related structures.

14. Arterial blood supply of
the brain, including the circle of Willis, as
viewed from the ventral surface.

15. Diagrammatic representation
of the cerebrum showing locations
for control of motor movement of
various parts of the body. Thanking you.