this slide share is about agriculture uses of fertilizers and nanotechnology in agriculture

1. Topic :
“Fertilizers, plant nutrition & uses of nano technology in
agriculture”
Presenter :
Muhammad Mohsin Rafique
DepartmentofBiochemistryIBBB

2. PRESENTATION OUTLINE
 Fertilizers & biofertilizers
 Importance of Nano fertilizers
 Smart monitoring
 Nutrients supply to plants
 Minus control & Hydroponic experiment
 Mineral deficiency & its effects
 Salt treatment effects on plants

3. Fertilizers contain minerals and
nutrients that plants require and
normally get from the soil.
 They enhance plant growth and
overcome mineral deficiency.
 They increase soil fertility.
 Primary nutrients are sodium,
potassium, magnesium, calcium,
nitrogen, zinc, phosphorous and
iron.
Fertilizers

4. • Required in very small amount.
• 6 grams to 200 grams/acre
• B, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo, Cl
Micro NUTRIENTS
• Required in large amount.
• 5 kg to 200 kg /acre
• N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, C, H, O.
Macro NUTRIENTS
Elements essential for plant
growth

5. Qualities of a good fertilizer
Nutrient elements are
readily available to plants.
Must be fairly soluble in
water.
Should not be injurious to
plants.
Should be cheap.
Should be stable and
available for longer time.
Should not alter the pH of
soil.

6. Different fertilizers used for healthy growth of plants
Urea
Potash of
sulphate
DAP
Zinc
sulphate
Tri super
phosphate

7. By hand By air By Tractor Dissolving in water
Ways of spreading fertilizers

8. Bio Fertilizers
Bio fertilizers add nutrients through the
natural process by fixing atmospheric
nitrogen, solubilizing phosphorous, and
stimulating plants growth through the
synthesis of growth promoting substances.
These are cost effective relative to chemical fertilizers.
These are environment friendly.
Help to clean the nature.
Provide better nourishment to plants.
Consist of fecal matter, leaves,
ash, dead bodies and other
natural organic substances

9. Nanotechnology &
Agriculture

10. Smart
Monitoring

12. Nano herbicide
Insect pest management
Delivery of fertilizers
Micro nutrients supply
Nanotechnology in agriculture involves:-
Nano sensors
Nano fungicide

13. Importance of Nanofertilizers
1)Use of Nano scale nutrients to suppress
plant diseases.
2)Amendment protocols necessary to
maximize plant health.
3)Micronutrients are critical in defense
against crop diseases, with tissue
infection inducing a cascade of reaction
commonly resulting in the inhibitory
secondary metabolites.
4)They increases the defense against
pathogens and various diseases.

14. Nano urea increased the grain yield by 10.2% and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen
fertilizers by 44.5% than normal urea.
(Huange et., al 2015)
The application of nano urea can save upto 12.4-41.7% of nitrogen application to soil.
(Huange et., al 2015)
70% nano nitrogen fertilization treatment yielded 11.6% higher than that of conventional
fertilization.
(Zhang et., al 2010)
Nano-synergistic fertilizers also increased the rise yield by 10.3% , spring maize by 10.9-
16.7% , soybean by 28.8% and also the soybean oil content by 13.2%.
(Liu et., al 2009)

15.  Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) of ~8 nm in
diameter were used for the detection of
organochlorine endosulfan pesticide (ESP) as
colorimetric sensor and the design of GNP-
based chemical sensor for its quantitative
estimation has also been proposed.
 The original wine red color of GNPs changes
into various shades of blue after the addition
of different concentrations of ESP solutions
 A GNP-based sensing electrode has been
used for designing of ESP detection chemical
sensor at ambient temperature.
Puja Goel (a1) and Manju Arora (a2)
Fabrication of chemical sensor for organochlorine
pesticide detection using colloidal gold nanoparticle

16. Gaps and recommended research areas that need to be addressed to fully
characterize the risks and benefits of engineered nanomaterial use in agricultural
systems
Co-contamination or
toxicity to food crops
Effects on rhizosphere
& endosymbionts
Impact on nutritional
quality
Trans- generational
studies Tropic transfer
studies
Chronic low dose with
sensitive end point

17. Plant nutrition
Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and
compounds necessary for plant growth, plant metabolism
and their external supply.

18. Benefits of
optimum
nutrition
Maximum seedling Healthy growth
Original coloration More fruits Apical height growth

19. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
5000
Control 45 Kg 90 Kg
Nitrogen Fertilizer ( kg /ha )
G
r
a
i
n
y
i
e
l
d
(
k
g
/
h
a
)
Effect of nitrogen level on grain yield

20. Mineral Deficiency
If a plant does not get enough minerals
it is called to have mineral deficiency
Plants do not grow properly if they are
deprived of minerals and begin to look
like unhealthy.
 Unhealthy
plants

21. Magnesium

22. Some mineral deficient
plants at
The Islamia University of
Bahawalpur

23. With in the same field, lawn or garden and uniform availability of
nutrients, one type of plant may flourish healthy but other may face
deficiency of a particular mineral and may show unhealthy growth due to
different requirement and different uptaking capability of plants .

24. Hydroponic Culture
 Only water, containing
the required nutrients .
 Alternate of soil.
Experiment is used to
determine the effects
deficiency of various
nutrients
Hydroponic Culture Experiment
Minus control
Experiment in which one nutrient or mineral is not
added to hydroponic but all other required are present
. In this way the effects of lacking nutrient is observed

25. Distilled Water -N -Fe -Mg -P
Full Nutrients
supply
Hardly any
Growth
Very little
growth
Yellowish
leaves
Poor growth &
Yellowish leaves
Weak shoot &
root
Healthy
Growth
Hydroponic culture experiment Results
With minus control technique

26. Salt treatment effects
on plant growth
High salt concentration
treatment for marine plant is
relatively less harmful than
freshwater plants.
High salt concentration
negatively affect plant by
dehydrating it, by soil erosion
and salt competition.

27. Thank You