Insect wings types and copulation

1. STRUCTURE OF WING ;
TYPES AND WING
COPULATION
-R.LOKESH

2. 
 Adult out growth of the insect exoskeleton that
enables insects to fly.
or
 A flattened double layered expansion of the body
wall with a dorsal and ventral lamina having the
same structure as integument.
WING

4. 
 Wing is nourished by blood circulation through veins.
 It contains 1.longitudinal veins
2.cross veins.
Insects like dragonfly and damselfly , there is an
opaque spot near the coastal margin of the wing called
PTEROSTIGMA . (weighter section improves gliding)
WING VENATION

6. 
 Costa
 Subcosta
 Radius
 Media
 Cubitus
 Analveins
LONGITUDINAL VEINS

7. 
C-sc
r
r-m
m-cu
h (humeral cross vein)
s (sectoral crossvein)
Cross veins

8. 
 Wing is triangular in shape .
 3 sides and 3 angles.
Coastal margin ; humeral angle
Apical margin ; apical angle
Anal margin ; anal angle
MARGINS AND ANGLES

10. 
Remigium : anterior area of the wing .
 Vannus : flexible posterior end of the wing .
(When enlarged known as clavus)
 Jugum : proximal part of the vannus .
Axilla is the point where the thoracic muscles are
attached to the wing of the insect .
WING REGIONS

11. 
 TEGMINA :
wings are leathery and are protective in
function .
not used for fight .
(eg . cockroach , grasshopper)
TYPES OF WING

12. ELYTRA :
wing venation is lost .
wing is tough and protective in function (hind wing
and abdomen) .
not for flight .
(eg . Beetles and weevils)

13. HEMELYTRA :
basal half wing is thick and distal half is
membranous .
not used for flight .
protective in function .
(eg . Fore wing of heteropteran bugs)

14. HALTERES :
hind wings are modified into haltere that
provides stability during the flight and also increases the
speed of flight .
provides information about the body
rotations .
(eg . True flies , mosquito)

16. FRINGED WINGS :
narrow and membranous .
margins are closed with long fine hairs .
(eg . Thrips)

17. SCALY WINGS :
unicellular flattened setae , coloured scale
like structure .
responsible for colouration of the wing .
important in smoothening the air flow over
the wings and the body .
(eg . Moths and butterfly)

19. MEMBRANOUS WINGS:
thin and transparent wings .
useful in flight .
(eg . Fore wing of true flies , hind wing of
grasshopper , preying mantis , beetle and both the wing of
dragonflies , damselflies , honeybees……)

21. 
 Dragonfly and damselfly – wings work separately .
 But in higher pterygota both fore and hind wings are
coupled together so that it moves synchronously .
 TYPES OF WING COUPLING ;
Hamulate
Amplexiform
Frenate
Jugate
WING COUPLING

22. 
 Small hooks in the coastal margin in the hind wing .
(eg . Bees)
HAMULATE

24. 
 Simplest form of wing coupling .
 Just overlapping .
(eg . Butterflies)
AMPLEXIFORM

25. 
 Male frenate ; female frenate .
(eg . Fruit sucking moth)
FRENATE

26. 
 Jugam of the fore wings are lobe like and it is locked
to the coastalmargin of the hind wings .
(eg.hepialid moth)
JUGATE