Más contenido relacionado La actualidad más candente (18) Similar a File Access in Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP2 (20) File Access in Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP22. Haripriya S
Distinguished Engineer
sharipriya@novell.com
Praveen G
Product Manager
gpraveen@novell.com
Girish KS
Software Consultant
ksgirish@novell.com
2 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
3. Agenda
• Objectives
• File Access: the present and the future
• File Access Protocols: NCP , AFP, CIFS, Samba, FTP
™
• Making them all work together
• Troubleshooting
• Question and Answer
3 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
4. Objectives
• To provide a view into the various file access methods
available with Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP2
®
and SP3
• To provide information on the various file access
protocols – AFP, CIFS, NCP , FTP, Samba – and their
™
capabilities
• To look at ways to deploy and troubleshoot the various
protocols for high availability, multi-protocol access,
auditing, high performance
4 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
6. High Level Features
• AFP
– Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP2
®
Cross protocol file locking support between NCP , AFP
™
and CIFS
> Auditing Support
– OES 2 SP3
> Enhanced Auditing
> Improved reliability
– Future release
> Support for spotlight on MAC
> Kerberos support
> DST support
6 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
7. High Level Features
• CIFS
– Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP2
®
> Cross protocol file locking support between NCP , AFP and CIFS
™
> DFS support
> Auditing support
– OES 2 SP3
> NTLM v2 support
> DST support
> Domain passthrough authentication
> CIFS context search to be LDAP enabled
> Enhanced Auditing support
– Future release
> Kerberos support
> CIFS – DSFW support
7 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
8. High Level Features
• NCP ™
– Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP2
®
> Cross protocol file locking support between NCP, AFP, and CIFS
> Trustee change synchronization with eDirectory - Deletion and rename of
™
trustees
> Auditing support for NCP file events
> Salvage support for non-LUM users
– OES 2 SP3
> NCP volumes read only support functionality
> Add the ability to disable logins per volume and automated “clear connection”
– Future release
> Improved performance
8 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
9. High Level Features
• Pure-FTP
– Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP2
®
> Remote Server Navigation support
– OES 2 SP3
> Support FTP Share on a locally mounted Novell Storage Services volume
™
> Support for multiple instances of Pure-FTP instances running either on
different or a same node within a cluster
– Future release
> FTP common home dir option
9 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
10. When to Use Which Protocol?
• Scenario 1
– Novell Storage Services file system, Rich trustee model and rights inheritance → YES
™
– Resource Forks → YES
– NCP client → YES
™
– Significant number of MACs and Windows clients → YES
– Directory → eDirectory ™
• Novell AFP, Novell CIFS, Novell NCP
®
• Scenario 2
– NSS file system
– Resource Forks, Rich trustee model and rights inheritance → NO
– Novell client → NO
– Significant number of MACs and Windows clients → YES
– Directory → DSfW
• Samba
10 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
11. When to Use Which Protocol?
• Scenario 3
– Novell Storage Services file system
™
– Rich trustee model and rights inheritance → NO
– Resource Forks → YES
– Novell client → NO
®
– Significant number of MACs and Windows clients → YES
– Directory → eDirectory ™
• Novell AFP, Samba
• Scenario 4
– NSS file system, Rich trustee model and rights inheritance → YES
– Resource Forks - YES
– Novell client → NO
– Significant number of MACs and Windows clients → YES
– Directory → DSfW
• Novell AFP, Samba – authentication/authorization, Novell CIFS - file access
11 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
13. Novell Open Enterprise Server 2
®
File Systems
Types and Access Protocols
• Multiple choices for File Systems
– Novell Storage Services ™
– Posix File-Systems: Ext3, Reiser, XFS
• Multiple choices for File Access Protocols
– NCP - Novell NCP
™
– CIFS/SMB – Novell CIFS, Samba
– AFP – Novell AFP
– HTTP – NetStorage, Apache
– FTP – PureFTP with Novell changes
– NFS – Linux NFS
13 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
14. Novell NCP Server ®
™
• Novell NCP Server for Linux enables support for
– Login scripts,
– Mapping drives, and...
– Other services commonly associated with Novell Client™
• Services included with NCP (NetWare Core Protocol)
®
– File access and locking
– Tracking of resource allocation
– Event notification
– Connection and communication management
– Legacy print services and queue management, and...
– Network management
14 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
15. Novell NCP Server (cont.)
®
™
• NCP Server can run in front of POSIX Filesystems
– EXT3, Reiser
– Virtual File System (VFS) layer
– Lossy mapping from Novell rights to POSIX attributes
• NCP Server can run in front of Novell Storage
Services filesystems ™
– Complete mapping for Novell rights and trustees
• Moving users from NetWare to Linux ®
– With Open Enterprise Server 2, you no longer need to
Linux enable the user just to run a Linux server
15 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
16. NCP Server Architecture
™
CLI tools NRM NCP
Server
IPC
iManager
Plugin eDirectory
IPC
NW Rights
CIM + Cache
POSIX
_admin trustee
file
libmanagus
NSS posix
16 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
17. Novell CIFS ®
• Novell CIFS was developed in Novell Open Enterprise
Server 2 SP1
– To address the scale issues in Samba
– To provide the complete NetWare trustee model
®
– Avoid LUM enabling
• Novell CIFS capabilities in SP2/SP3
– Complete support for cross-protocol locking
– Increased performance
– Better reliability in clustered environments
– Support for auditing
– Support for NTLMv2 authentication (SP3)
– Support for Dynamic Storage Technology (SP3)
17 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
18. Novell CIFS Architecture®
CLI tools CIFS
Server
IPC ncp-rpc NCP
Server
iManager
Plugin IPC ldap
NW Rights dclient (ncp) eDirectory
+ Cache
CIM
trustee
file
_admin POSIX
libmanagus CASA
NSS store
18 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
19. Novell CIFS ®
Linux Implementation
• Install and Configuration
– YaST install
– Configuration using iManager, command-line tools
• Design details
– Stand-alone server communicating with eDirectory and NCP server
™ ™
– Requires NCP Server on the same box, but no local eDirectory replica required
™
– Uses standard POSIX interfaces, supports Novell Storage Services filesystem
– Uses trustee.xml file managed by the NCP server
• User access for CIFS
– Any eDirectory user with universal password enabled
– User contexts to be configured for the CIFS server
– LUM-enabling of eDirectory users is not required
• Unsupported
– Interoperability with Domain Services for Windows on the same server
19 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
20. Novell AFP ®
• Novell AFP
– To support Mac clients
• Novell AFP capabilities in SP2/SP3
– Cross-protocol locking
– Better scalability and reliability
– Audit support
20 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
21. Apple Filing Protocol (Novell AFP) ®
Architecture
AFP
Server
iManager
Plugin ncp-rpc NCP
Server
nmas-ldap
xplat (ncp)
conf
eDirectory
file
CIM
Provider
zAPI
CASA
NSS store
21 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
22. Apple Filing Protocol (Novell AFP) ®
Linux Implementation
• Install and Configuration
– YaST install
– Configuration using iManager, CIM providers for configuration and management
• Design details
– Stand-alone server communicating with eDirectory for authentication and
™
authorization
– Novell Storage Services file-system, resource forks fully supported, uses zAPI
™
• User access for AFP
– Any eDirectory user with universal password enabled
– User contexts to be configured for the AFP server
– LUM-enabling of eDirectory users is not required
• Cross-protocol locking (CPL)
– Byte-range locks and Share modes
• CPL supported across AFP, NCP and Samba ™
22 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
23. Combined Protocols Architecture
Samba
NCP-RPC
Rights, trustee
changes, DST NCP
events Server
Samba
DB Novell eDirectory
CIFS
CIFS ncp Samba
AFP
Service posix
zAPI
NSS
23 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
24. Deploying Multiple Methods for
File Access
• Data integrity
– Cross-protocol locking: AFP, CIFS, NCP , Samba
™
• Commonly supported capabilities:
– DST: Supported across CIFS, NCP, Samba in SP3, AFP?
– Auditing: Supported in Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP2 across
®
NCP, AFP, CIFS
– DFS: Supported only by NCP, CIFS
– LUM-less operation: NCP, AFP, CIFS, but not Samba
• Performance and scalability
– TBD (NCP/Samba comparable, CIFS around 30% slower in SP2)
– Scale: NCP: 20,000 connections, CIFS ~ 5,000 connections tested in
field, AFP: 500 connections
24 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
26. Cross Protocol File Locking
/var/lib/samba/locking.tdb
AFP Server
Lock
DB
CIFS Server
NCP Server
26 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
27. Cross Protocol File Locking
Configuration
• Enable CPFL
– ncpcon set CROSS_PROTOCOL_LOCKS=1
• Disable CPFL
– ncpcon set CROSS_PROTOCOL_LOCKS=0
• CPFL is enabled by default
– To ensure data integrity is always maintained
– If only one of the protocols is used, CPFL can be disabled
> Performance improved with CPFL disabled
27 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
29. Clustering
• Why clustering?
– Increased availability of services and data
– Service and storage consolidation
– Lower cost of operation
– Software and Hardware maintenance and upgrades
29 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
31. Configuring CIFS in a Cluster
• Load script
novcifs --add --vserver=virtualserverFDN –ip-
addr=virtualserverip
• Unload script
novcifs --remove --vserver=virtualserverFDN --ip-
addr=virtualserverip
• CIFS attributes for the virtual server
nfapCIFSServerName
nfapCIFSAttach
nfapCIFSComment
nfapCIFSShares
31 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
32. Using a Preexisting Cluster Pool
for CIFS
• Select CIFS under advertising protocols
• Offline the pool server
• Download cifsPool.py script from http:
• Run the following command
python cifsPool.py Resource_DN CIFS_Server_Name
ldaps://ldapserver:636 Admin_DN Admin_password
32 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
33. Troubleshooting
CIFS in a Cluster
• If the CIFS server proxy user is in a different context,
the cluster administrator should give access to the cifs
cluster attributes on virtual server object.
o=root
ou=users context, o=root ou = servers context,o=root
Assign
rights here
cn=proxy user,ou=users Virtual server
context,o=root object
33 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
34. Troubleshooting
CIFS in a Cluster
• Restart CIFS service whenever eDirectory service is
™
restarted
• You have to offline and online resource whenever cifs
service is restarted on the node that currently serves
cluster resource
– CIFS service will bind to the cluster resource IP
34 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
35. Clustering - AFP
• Volumes in a cluster
– When a client connects to the server ip, both local and cluster
enabled shared volumes are exported
– When a client connects to the cluster ip, then only cluster
enabled shared volumes associated with the IP are exported
• Volume representation
– Machine name and volume name (e.g. server.afp_vol)
• Volume name management in a cluster
– Edit /etc/opt/novell/afptcpd/afpvols.conf on each cluster node.
Syntax, Servername.VolumeName VolumeName
35 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
37. DFS Support for CIFS
• CIFS on Novell Open Enterprise Server 2 SP2
®
supports DFS junction that points to
– Root of Novell Storage Services volume
™
– Subdirectories in NSS volume
• Trustee rights are set both on the junction and the
target of the junction
37 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
39. DFS Support for AFP
• AFP service on Novell Open Enterprise Server does
®
not support DFS junctions
39 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
42. Benefits of Dynamic Storage
Technology
• Transparent file access to end users
• Policy based migration
• Faster and smaller backups of important data
• Efficient use of expensive devices
• Migrating files from an existing secondary volume
• Access to the secondary storage area without the
performance penalties seen in HSM solutions
42 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
43. Dynamic Storage Technology
Components
• NCP Engine ™
• CIFS Service
• Policy Engine
– Global
– Volume
43 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
44. Dynamic Storage Technology
Configuration
• Novell Remote Manager
®
– http://server_IP_address:8008 or
other_configured_port_number
• Command line utility ncpcon
44 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
46. Dynamic Storage Technology
Global Configuration
Manage NCP Services > Manage Server > Server Parameter Information
46 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
47. Dynamic Storage Technology
• Cross protocol file locking should be enabled when
DST volume is exported as CIFS and NCP share
™
47 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
49. CIFS Authentication
• Default configuration on Windows workstations
– Up to Windows XP – NTLMv1
– Windows Vista and Windows 7 – NTLMv2
• Configuration
– CIFS iManager
– Command line utility - novcifs
49 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
52. Auditing
• File events auditing supported across
– NCP , AFP, CIFS
™
• Vigil interface
– Kernel modules for capturing file events
– Per-protocol kernel modules for mapping file events to protocol
events and users (for ncp, cifs)
– vigil_dump: A sample tool to display audit messages
– Can work with multiple auditing tools and reporting applications
• Sentinel
– The client solution offered by Novell which is integrated with vigil
®
– Separate product
52 © Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.
54. Unpublished Work of Novell, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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