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1. Oral Disease امراض غشای مخاطی .pdf
1.
Oral Medicine ﻋﻤﻮﻣﯿﺎت ﻣﺨﺎﻃﯽ ﻏﺸﺎی
اﻣﺮاض By : Dr Mohammad Nasir 'Sharify' ﺳﺘﻮﻣﺎﺗﻮﻟﻮژی ﻓﺎﮐﻮﻟﺘﻪ ﻫﺸﺘﻢ ﺳﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺑﺮای
2.
ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ
ﮐﻪ اﻣﺮاﺿﯽ ﺗﺪاوی و ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺖ دﻧﺪان ﻃﺐ از ﺑﺨﺸﯽ : .دارد ﮐﺎر و ﺳﺮ دارﻧﺪ . ﻣﯿﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف در ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺳﯿﺘﻤﯿﮏ ﻣﺮﯾﻀﯽ ﯾﮏ ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮات ﻣﻤﮑﻦ . دارﻧﺪ ﺿﻌﯿﻒ ﻣﻌﺎﻓﯿﺖ ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻢ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﯾﻀﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺪاوی ﯾﺎ و وﺟﻬﯽ ﻫﺎی درد ، ﻓﮑﯽ ﺻﺪﻏﯽ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ، دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف ﺿﺎﯾﻌﺎت ﺗﺪاوی و ﺗﺸﺨﯿﺺ از ﻋﺒﺎرت .ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺟﺮاﺣﯽ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻣﺎﻫﯿﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻓﮑﯽ
3.
اﻫﺪاف : ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ
اﻣﺮاض ﺗﺪاوی و ﺗﺸﺨﺺ : دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف ﻣﺨﺎط دﻧﺪاﻧﯽ ﻗﻮس ﻟﻌﺎﺑﯿﻪ ﻏﺪوات ﻓﮑﯽ وﺟﻬﯽ ﻫﺎی درد ﻓﮑﯽ ﺻﺪﻏﯽ ﻣﻔﺼﻞ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ، ﺷﮑﺮ ﻣﺼﺎب ،ﺳﺮﻃﺎﻧﯽ ﻣﺮﯾﻀﺎن ﺗﺪاوی ) دارﻧﺪ ﻃﺒﯽ ﻣﻐﻠﻖ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت ﮐﻪ ﻣﺮﯾﻀﺎﻧﯽ ﺗﺪاوی .( اﻧﺘﺎﻧﺎت ، وﻋﺎﯾﯽ ﻗﻠﺒﯽ
4.
ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ : ﮔﯿﺎﻫﻬﯽ ﺑﺮﮔﻬﺎی از
ﻣﺨﺎﻃﯽ ﻏﺸﺎی اﻣﺮاض ﺗﺪاوی ﺑﺮای ﮐﻪ ﺑﻮدﻧﺪ ﻣﺮدﻣﺎﻧﯽ اوﻟﯿﻦ ﻫﺎ ﯾﻮﻧﺎﻧﯽ و ﻣﺼﺮ ﻣﺮﻣﺎن ﺑﻨﺎم Coca Leaves ﺑﻨﺎم ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ رﯾﺸﻪ و Manderak root ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن و .ﻣﯿﻨﻤﻮدﻧﺪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده Celcus از ﮐﻪ ﺑﻮد ﺷﺨﺼﯽ Alum .ﻣﯿﮑﺮد اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﺨﺎﻃﯽ ﻏﺸﺎی اﻣﺮاض ﺗﺪاوی ﺑﺮای ﺳﻔﯿﺪ زاج ﯾﺎ Heppocrate و Galen ﯾﺎ ﻣﻌﯿﺎر را زﺑﺎن Barometer . ﻣﯿﮑﺮدﻧﺪ اﻃﻼق ﺻﺤﺖ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ان ﺑﻪ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﮐﺘﺎب اوﻟﯿﻦ Thomas E Bond . ﺷﺪ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ Jonathan Hutchinson father of Oral medicine was periodontologist. ﺑﻨﺎم ﺷﺨﺼﯽ WD MILLER زﯾﺎدی ﺗﺤﻮاﻻت و ﮐﺮد اراﯾﻪ دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژی ﻣﺎﯾﮑﺮو ﺑﻪ راﺟﻊ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت . اﻣﺪ ﺑﻮﺟﻮد ﺟﻬﺎن در دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف اﻣﺮاض ﺗﺪاوی ارﺳﻪ در از ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف ﻣﺨﺎط در ﻫﺎ ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﺰم ﻣﯿﮑﺮو ﻣﻘﺪار 800 . ﻣﯿﺮﺳﺪ ﻧﻮع از ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ ﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﺮه ﻋﻨﻖ در ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﺰﻫﺎ ﻣﻘﺪار 1300 . ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻧﻮع از ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ ﺑﺎﮐﺘﺮﯾﺎﯾﯽ ﭘﻼک در ﻫﺎ ﻣﯿﮑﺮوارﮔﺎﻧﯿﺰم ﻣﻘﺪار 1000 .ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻧﻮع . دارﻧﺪ را ﺑﺪن ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻫﺎی ﻗﺴﻤﺖ در را ﭘﺘﻮﻟﻮژی اﯾﺠﺎد ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ ارﮔﺎﻧﯿﺰم ﻣﯿﮑﺮو اﯾﻦ ﮔﺮوپ ﻫﺮ ﮐﻪ
5.
ﺗﺎرﯾﺨﭽﻪ Oral medicine ﺳﺎل در
ﮐﻪ ﺷﺪ ﺷﺮوع زﻣﺎﻧﯽ از 1926 William Gies در اﻧﺮا درج ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﮐﻮﻟﻤﺒﯿﺎ ﭘﻮﻫﻨﺘﻮن در ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ و ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﺗﺎﯾﺪ و ﮐﺮد ﭘﯿﺸﻨﻬﺎد دﻧﺪان ﻃﺐ داﻧﺸﺠﻮﯾﺎن ﮐﺮﯾﮑﻮﻟﻮم ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻒ اﻟﻤﻠﻠﯽ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ان oral medicine ﺳﺎل در 1933 . ﮔﺮدﯾﺪ ﺗﺎﯾﺪ ان در دﺧﯿﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻤﺎﻧﻬﺎی و دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف اﻣﺮاض ﺗﺪاوی و ﺗﺸﺨﺼﯽ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻪ اﺳﺖ دﻧﺪان ﻃﺐ از ﺧﺎﺻﯽ ﺑﺨﺶ : ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﮐﻪ .ﻣﯿﺒﺎﺷﺪ دارد ﮐﺎر و ﺳﺮ اﻣﺮاض ﭘﺘﻮﺟﻨﯿﺰ اﻣﺮاض ﺑﯿﻮﻟﻮژی ..ﻣﯿﺸﻮد اﻣﺮاض ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯿﮑﯽ ﺣﺎﻻت ﺳﺎل در 1945 Amrican Academy of Oral medicine .ﺷﺪ اﯾﺠﺎد ﻣﺘﺤﺪه اﯾﺎﻻت در It represents an emerging specialty of Dentistry. On March 2, 2020, Oral Medicine became the 11th ADA recognized dental specialty
6.
.ﻣﯿﺸﻮﻧﺪ اﯾﺠﺎد دﻫﻦ
ﺟﻮف ﺧﻮب اﻟﺼﺤﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻧﮑﺮدن ﻣﺮاﻋﺎت اﺛﺮ در اﻣﺮاض اﮐﺜﺮﯾﺖ
7.
؟ ﻣﻌﻨﯽ ﭼﻪ
ﺑﻪ دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف ﺧﻮب اﻟﺼﺤﻪ ﺣﻔﻆ ﻫﺎ ﭘﻮﺳﯿﺪﮔﯽ ﺗﺪاوی ﺑﯿﺮه اﻣﺮاض ﺗﺪاوی ﻓﮑﯽ وﺟﻬﯽ ﻣﺰﻣﻦ ﻫﺎی درد ﺗﺪاوی دﻫﻦ ﺟﻮف ﻫﺎی ﺳﺮﻃﺎن ﺗﺪاوی وﻻدی ﻧﻮاﻗﺺ ﺗﺪاوی ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن و ﺧﻨﺪﯾﺪن ، ﮐﺮدن ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ، ﺑﻠﻌﯿﺪن ، ﺟﻮﯾﺪن در ﺧﻮب ﺗﻮاﻧﺎﯾﯽ
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ﮐﻪ ﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻓﮑﺘﻮر Oral
medicine : ﻣﯿﺴﺎزد ﻣﻬﻢ را ﺳﻦ .ﻣﯿﺸﻮﻧﺪ ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮن ﺳﯿﺴﺘﻤﯿﮏ ﻣﺸﮑﻼت دﭼﺎر ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ اﺷﺨﺎص ﺳﻦ ازدﯾﺎد ﺑﺎ : ﻫﺰﯾﻨﻪ .ﻣﯿﮑﻨﻨﺪ ﭘﺮﻫﯿﺰ ﺷﻔﺎﺧﺎﻧﻪ در ﺷﺪن ﺑﺴﺘﺮی از اﺷﺨﺎص اﮐﺜﺮﯾﺖ : ﻃﺒﯽ ﻫﺎی ﺗﺪاوی در ﻫﺎ ﭘﯿﺸﺮف .ﻣﯿﺸﻮد ﻋﻤﺮ ﻃﻮل ازدﯾﺎد ﺳﺒﺐ ﺑﻼﺧﺮه ﮐﻪ دﻧﺪان ﺧﺪﻣﺎت ﺑﻪ دﺳﺘﺮﺳﯽ ﺳﻮﯾﻪ ازدﯾﺎد ﻫﺎی ﮐﻠﯿﻨﯿﮏ در ﻣﺮﯾﻀﺎن ازدﯾﺎد ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﮐﻪ .ﻣﯿﺸﻮد دﻧﺪان
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Melasma is a
skin condition characterized by brown or blue-gray patches or freckle- like spots. It's often called the “mask of pregnancy.” Melasma happens because of overproduction of the cells that make the color of your skin. It is common.
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