Presentation delivered at the G20 Future of Work workshop in Buenos Aires on April 11, 2018.

1. G20 WORKSHOP
Building Opportunities for an Inclusive Future of Work
11/04/2018 WORKSHOP | BUENOS AIRES

2. Beatriz Nofal
Argentina
G20 Sherpa (2017)
Nate Williams
LinkedIn
Head of Civic Engagement
Nick Eng
LinkedIn
Senior Data Scientist
* We are grateful for the professional collaboration of Beatriz Nofal, T20 member, in this project and

3. The Future ofWork is now However the
rate of change threatens to outpace the
availability of workforce data and insights
Traditional data sources help The structure
and coverage of survey and administrative
data is essential, but limitations exist
Consider non-traditional data sources
Seek partners who can provide a
complementary and detailed picture of the
workforce and economy
Executive
Summary

4. Future of Work
ARGENTINA’S GLOBAL LEADERSHIP
“There is a dramatic shortage of information and
data about the exact state of the workforce and
automation.”
4
“Policymakers are flying blind into what has been
called the fourth industrial revolution.”
-Tom M. Mitchell, Carnegie Mellon University
-Erik Brynjolfsson, MIT

5. Future of Work
ARGENTINA’S GLOBAL LEADERSHIP
“Between 75 and 375 million workers will
transition from obsolete occupations to new ones
by 2030.”
5
“The need for better data amounts to an
opportunity for government statistics agencies to
collaborate with online sources of data, including
job boards, professional sites such as LinkedIn,
and private tech companies, to obtain a more
detailed and accurate picture of jobs, skills,
wages, and individual mobility and career
moves.”

6. Future of Work
ARGENTINA’S GLOBAL LEADERSH
“The G20 should help ensure that
technological change will not
increase exclusion or social
disintegration. Education is at the
centre of this debate: the future will
require substantial investment in
training and updating skills.”
- President Mauricio Macri
25 January, 2018 | World Economic
Forum
6

7. Labor Market Information - Context
7

8. Survey and Administrative
TRADITIONAL DATA SOURCES
8
Surveys Periodic, examples include census,
household and occupational and skill taxonomies.
See US Bureau of Labor Statistics examples on left
Administrative Batch process or near real-time.
Includes education records, tax records, social
security records, unemployment insurance.
Used to measure Macro trends in industries,
Statistics about workers, employment, and
occupations, generally at national levels

9. Public Occupational Taxonomies Can be Powerful
O*NET AND ESCO ARE LEADING EXAMPLES- CAN BE INTEGRATED INTO A
WIDE VARIETY OF RELATED WORKFORCE AND EDUCATION APPLICATIONS

10. Frequency Current data collection and
processing often results in multi-year lags
in reporting, missing new skill
developments
Detail Granular information about skills is
is needed to guide education and training
is difficult to access, especially at a local
level
Cost Employer surveys are costly to
implement repeatedly and at scale
We need access
to better
information…

11. “Machine Learning”
skill matches…
LIMITATIONS
11
• MachineTooling?
• Amusement Machine
Servicers?
• KindergartenTeachers?
• Sewing Machine
Operators?

12. Complementary
Data
NEW SOURCES
12
ConsumerTechnology companies
with billions of collective users now
offer applications designed to help
employers and workers find talent
and opportunity.
The aggregate activities of both
employers and workers on these
sites is a potential source of new
data insights for policymakers.

13. LinkedIn’s Economic Graph
13

14. The world’s largest professional network
143M+ United States
14M+
Canada
30M+ Brazil
11M+
Mexico
6M+ Colombia
4M+ Chile
6M+ Argentina
90M+ Europe
6M+ South Africa
1M+ Kenya
1M+
Nigeria
2M+ Egypt
2M+ Saudi Arabia
1M+ Israel
6M+ Turkey
1M+ Morocco
45M+ India
36M+ China
1M+ Hong
Kong
1M+ Republic of Korea
1M+ Japan
9M+ Australia
1M+ New
Zealand
5M+ Philippines
9M+ Indonesia3M+ Malaysia
2M+ Singapore
14

15. Members Companies Jobs Skills Schools Knowledge
15

16. 29K
Schools
546M
Members
20M
Companies
50K
Skills
14M
Open Jobs
109B
Updates viewed
16

17. Advantages of LinkedIn Data
Compare hundreds
of countries
and cities
Global
Breakdown by
location, industry,
function, etc.
Granular
Members constantly
update their profiles
Real-Time
Monitor data – like
migration patterns –
over time
Historical
17

18. 18
World Economic Forum Partnership
“On average, gender
inequality is getting worse
globally but the average
hiring of women in India
increased by six percent on
average”
“Trending professions on the
continent include the creative
industries, food technologists, 3D
designers, data centre workers
and care, education and health
workers”
“Across diverse fields of study,
there are certain core, cross-
functional skills that underpin a
career like interpersonal and
basic technology skills”

19. Research Based On LinkedIn Data
19

20. 20
Overview
We analyzed hiring data based on member profiles from 2008 – 2017 to understand:
1. What are the most emerging and declining roles?
2. What are the skills most associated with these roles?
3. For declining skills, how transferable are they to other areas?
4. For emerging occupations, how is talent migrating across the world?
Our data reflected 275 occupations from LinkedIn’s taxonomy and included 10 countries
from around the world in our analyses: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Chile, France, India,
Mexico, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States

21. 21
Hiring Trends Across LinkedIn’s Data
• Through the lens of LinkedIn’s
data, we see differentiation
across countries between the
trends of different occupations
• From these trends we can
identify the most emerging or
the most declining
occupations
• Hiring trends to the left are
smoothed with a linear
regression to reduce noise in
our analysis

22. 22
Emerging and Declining Occupations – Argentina

23. 23
Emerging and Declining Occupations – India

24. 24
Emerging and Declining Occupations – United Kingdom

25. 25
Emerging and Declining Occupations – United States

26. 26
Emerging Occupations across Countries
• Business Strategists,
Consultants, and Software
Developers are emerging in
almost all countries
analyzed
• Regional variation is
apparent:
• Recruiters are on the rise in
all regions except LATAM
• Entreprenuership (Owners /
Founders) is on the rise
particularly in LATAM
• Expected trends are
observed as well, such as
Software Developers in
India

27. 27
Declining Occupations across Countries
• Accountants, Administrative
Employees, and Information
Technology Consultants are
declining in almost all
countries analyzed
• Some decline is observed in
non-knowledge worker roles
as well, such as Mechanic
and Maintenance
Tradespeople and
Technicians in Australia, US,
South Africa, and LATAM

28. 28
Talent Migration – Argentina
• Members’ work and location
history provide a unique look
at how talent flows across
borders by region
• Talent flow information can
also show the flow of skills
and occupations from region
to region

29. 29
Emerging Talent Migration – Argentina
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Software Developer
• Legal Administrative
Professional
• Social Media Specialist
• Owner / Founder
• Creative Designer
• Journalist
• Consultant
• Food Service
Professional
• Business Strategist
• Architect

30. 30
Emerging Talent Migration – Australia
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Business Strategist
• Consultant
• Software Developer
• Owner / Founder
• Food Service
Professional
• Marketing Specialist
• School Teacher
• Legal Administrative
Professional
• Recruiter
• Social Media Specialist

31. 31
Emerging Talent Migration – South Africa
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Software Developer
• Owner / Founder
• Consultant
• Research Fellow
• Marketing Specialist
• Business Strategist
• Business Development
Spcialist
• Social Media Specialist
• Recruiter
• Contract worker

32. 32
Emerging and Declining Skills
Based on LinkedIn’s taxonomy of ~30,000 skills, we can associate each occupation with it
most relevant skillset and then identify the most emerging and declining skills.
Most Emerging Skills Most Declining Skills

33. 33
Transferability of Skills
• Transferable skills are better
able to withstand labor
market disruptions in a
dynamic, digital economy
• The higher the index, the
more transferable the skill
• Having transferable skills
may be key to reskilling
workers in declining
occupations
Skill: React.js
Primary Industry:
Information Technology &
Services
Skill: Instagram
Primary Industry:
Marketing and Advertising
Skill: Financial
Audits
Primary Industry:
Accounting
Skill:
Manufacturing Operations
Management
Primary Industry: Automotive
Skill: Professional Liability
Primary Industry:
Insurance
Skill: Sales
Management
Primary Industry: N/A
Skill: Teamwork
Primary Industry:
N/A
Skill: Data Science
Primary Industry:
Information Technology &
Services

34. Consider non-traditional data sources
Seek partnerships to provide a
complementary and detailed picture of the
workforce, skills and economy
Invest in traditional data sources Create
new infrastructure to make survey and
administrative data interoperable and
available across government agencies.
(e.g. labor and education ministries)
Start now Solve the information shortages
in the job market by employing real-time,
granular data to make better decisions in
education, and training strategies.
The Path
Forward

36. PROJECT ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Team Member Key Responsibility
Esteban Eseverri Chair of 2018 G20 Employment Working Group, Ministry of Labor. Project sponsor.
Alejandra Kern G20 Coordinator, Ministry of Labor. Key liaison between IDB/LinkedIn and G20 Employment Working Group.
Barbara Perrot G20 Assistant, Ministry of Labor. Key project liaison with G20 Employment Working Group.
Beatriz Nofal Main Project Advisor and Collaborator. Economist. T20 member and former Argentina G20 Sherpa.
Fernando Landa Policy Sherpa B20. Key liaison between IDB/LinkedIn insights project and B20 Engagement Group.
Nick Eng Data Scientist, LinkedIn. Principal investigator of data insights in select LAC and G20 countries.
Nate Williams Project Manager. Principal representative from LinkedIn to IDB, G20 and B20 groups.
Carmen Pages Head of Labor Markets Division at IDB. Economist and project sponsor.
Graciana Rucci Lead Specialist, Labor Markets Division at IDB. Economist and key project liaison.
Nicole Amaral Member, Labor Markets Division at IDB. Political Economy Specialist and project collaborator.
Carolina Gonzalez Labor Market Specialist, Labor Markets Division at IDB. Economist and project collaborator.
Carlos Ospino Member, Labor Markets Division at IDB. Economist and project collaborator.
Laura Ripani Lead Specialist, Labor Markets Division at IDB. Economist and key project liaison.
36

37. 37
Emerging and Declining Occupations – Australia

38. 38
Emerging and Declining Occupations – Brazil

39. 39
Emerging and Declining Occupations – Chile

40. 40
Emerging and Declining Occupations – France

41. 41
Emerging and Declining Occupations – Mexico

42. 42
Emerging and Declining Occupations – South Africa

43. 43
Emerging Talent Migration – Brazil
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Owner / Founder
• Lawyer
• Consultant
• Software Developer
• School Teacher
• Salesperson
• Marketing Specialist
• Business Strategist
• Mental Health
Professional
• Website Manager

44. 44
Emerging Talent Migration – Chile
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Software Developer
• Owner / Founder
• Social Media Specialist
• Mental Health
Professional
• Consultant
• Nurse
• Dietician
• Physical Therapist
• Creative Designer
• Commercial Real
Estate Specialist

45. 45
Emerging Talent Migration – France
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Performer
• Software Developer
• Food Service
Professional
• Business Development
Specialist
• Business Strategist
• Social Media Specialist
• Consultant
• Production Crew
• Recruiter
• Legal Administrative
Professional

46. 46
Emerging Talent Migration – Mexico
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Software Developer
• Medical Assistant
• Social Media Specialist
• Human Resources
Specialist
• Recruiter
• Owner / Founder
• Business Strategist
• Consultant
• Marketing Specialist
• Advertising Specialist

47. 47
Emerging Talent Migration – United States
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Software Developer
• Recruiter
• Business Strategist
• Marketing Specialist
• Real Estate Broker
• Consultant
• Research Fellow
• Social Media Specialist
• Food Service
Professional
• Data Analyst

48. 48
Emerging Talent Migration – India
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Software Developer
• Owner / Founder
• Recruiter
• Consultant
• Human Resources
Specialist
• Business Strategist
• Marketing Specialist
• Business Development
Specialist
• Online Marketing
Manager
• Author

49. 49
Emerging Talent Migration – United Kingdom
• Top 10 Emerging
Occupations:
• Recruiter
• Business Strategist
• Software Developer
• Consultant
• Production Crew
• Marketing Specialist
• Food Service
Professional
• Production Editor
• Business Development
Specialist
• Owner / Founder