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Endocrine System
- 1. Endocrine System Dr Neeta Gupta Department of Psychology D.A.V.(P.G.) College Dehradun
- 2. A collection of endocrine glands makes up the Endocrine System. It is also called Hormonal system because it secretes many hormones. Endocrine glands are ductless because they don’t have ducts to secrete their hormones so release their secretion directly into the intercellular fluid or blood.
- 3. Central Glands Peripheral Glands Hypotalamus Pineal Gland Pituitary Gland Thymus Thyroid Parathyroid Adrenal Gonads Classification of Endocrine System.
- 5. Produces-Melatonin Function: modulates wake / sleep and seasonal changes. It is also called Third eye because the Pineal gland is in the same horizontal plane as the Third eye. When we use our Third eye we keep whatever we see slightly out of focus. Less light enters the eyes and this affects the wake / sleep rhythm. Darkness makes Pineal gland to produce Melatonin hormone.
- 7. It links the Nervous system to Endocrine system via Pituitary Gland. Functions:responsible for the regulation of certain metabolic processes and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It synthesizes and secretes certain neurohormones, called releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in turn stimulate or inhibit the secretion of hormones from the pituitary gland. The Hypothalamus also controls hunger, thirst and sleep.
- 8. 3.Pituitary Gland: Anterior Pituitary Exterior Pituitary GH TSH ACTH FSH LH Prolactin Oxytocin ADH
- 9. 1. GH Growth hormone' 2. TSH Thyroid-stimulating hormone 3. ACTH Adrenocorticotropichormone 4. FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone 5. LH Luteinizing hormone 6. PRL Prolactin 7. Oxytocin 8. ADH Antidiuretic hormone Full forms of hormones:
- 11. Functions of Pituitary Gands: 1.Growth 2.Blood Pressure 3.Breast Milk Production 4.Metabolism 5.Temperature regulation 6.Pain relief
- 12. 1.Thymus Gland Thymus is the specialized organ of Immune system. The Thymus produces and secretes Thymosin which helps boost your immunity by playing a role in the development of a special type of white cells called T-cells.
- 13. 2.Thyroid Gland: The thyroid gland, or simply the thyroid, is an endocrine gland in the neck, consisting of two lobes connected by an isthmus. It is found at the front of the neck It secretes Throxin hormone also called T4. It also produces calcitonin which plays a role in calcium homeostasis. It regulates growth and rate of function of many other body part.
- 14. 3.Parathyroid: a gland next to the thyroid which secretes a hormone (parathyroid hormone) that regulates calcium levels in a person's body: PTH parathyroid hormones influences bones by causing them to relaese their calcium into the bloodstream.
- 15. 4.Adrenal: The adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands) are endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol. They are found above the kidneys.
- 16. Adrenal gland Adrenal Cortex Adrenal Medulla
- 17. Adrenal Cortex: Releases hormones that regulates mineral content in blood. Adrenal Medulla: Produces Epinephrine and Norepinephrine.Helps with stressful situation.
- 19. Gonads are where male and female gametes are produced. Testes: Secrete Androgen Primary androgen is testosteron. These maintain secondary sex characteristics and helps in formation of sperms. The ovaries have two main reproductive functions in the body. They produce oocytes (eggs) for fertilisation and they produce the reproductive hormones, oestrogen and progesterone.
- 20. Pathologies 1.Pituitary Gigantism Too much GH in childhood Diabetes Insipidus 2.Parathyroid-The most common disease of Parathyroid is Hyperparathyroidism which is characterized by excess PTH hormones.