1. Child Abuse &
Child Labour
Presented by Neha Kujur & Agnes Murmu
Master’s in Social Work
2nd Semester
The Bhopal School of Social Sciences
2. INDEX
2
• Introduction
• Facts/Statistics
• Definition
• Types
• Causes
• Effect
• Initiative by Govt.&NGO
Child Abuse -
Child Labour - o Introduction
o Facts/Statistics
o Definition
o Causes
o Effect
o Challenges/Limitations
Suggestion
Role
Refrences
3. Introduction
✘ Child abuse is any intentional act of physical, emotional
or sexual abuse including act of negligence, committed
by a person responsible for the care of the child.
✘ It is when a parent or caregiver, whether through action
or failing to act, causes injury, death, emotional harm or
risk of serious harm to a child. There are many forms
of child maltreatment, including neglect,
physical abuse, sexual abuse, exploitation and
emotional abuse.
3
4. Facts
✘ According to data by the National
Crime Record Bureau, a total of 109
children were sexually abused
every day in India in 2018, which
showed a 22 per cent jump in such
cases from the previous year.
✘ According to the recently released
NCRB data, 32,608 cases were
reported in 2017 while 39,827 cases
were reported in 2018 under the
Protection of Children from Sexual
Offences Act (POCSO).
4
5. Definition
✘ The World Health Organization (WHO) defines child
abuse and child maltreatment as "all forms of physical and/or
emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect or negligent
treatment or commercial or other exploitation, resulting in
actual or potential harm to the child's health, survival,
development or dignity in the context of a relationship of
responsibility, trust or power.“
✘ The United States federal Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment
Act defines child abuse and neglect as, at minimum, "any recent
act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker which
results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual
abuse or exploitation" or "an act or failure to act which presents
an imminent risk of serious harm".
5
6. Types
6
Child Abuse
Physical Abuse
Sexual Abuse
Emotional
Abuse
Physical Abuse is when
someone hits a child with
hand or object causing
him/her physical damage.
Emotional Abuse is when
someone hurts a child
without touching and
causing him/her
psychological damage.
Sexual Abuse is when an
adult or an older adolescent
uses a child for sexual
stimulation.
7. Causes
7
✘ Mental illness
✘ Alcohol or any other drug
✘ Parents have also been a victim of child abuse
✘ Unwanted Pregnancy
✘ Economic inequality
✘ Lack of social safety need
8. Effect
8
Effect of
Child Abuse
Physical Emotional/
Psychological
Immediate
(Cuts,Bruises,
Broken Bones)
Long Term
(Shaken baby
syndrome,Impaired
brain)
•Disorganised attachment
•PTSD
•Anxiety
•Depression
•OCD
•Co-dependency
9. Initiative by Govt. & NGOs
✘ POCSO Act 2012 - The POCSO Act was enacted in 2012 and is
gender neutral — it recognises that boys can be victims of sexual
violence as well. It defines a child as someone under the age of 18.
The Indian Penal Code does not recognise that sexual assault can
be committed on boys.
✘ SJPU or the Special Juvenile Police Unit is a unit of the police at
the district level for handling matters concerning juveniles and
also children in need of care and protection.
✘ Childline 1098 started by Childline foundationt to provide a 24x7
free, emergency phone service for children in need of aid and
assistance
9
10. Child Labour
10
Child labour is the practice of having children
engage in economic activity on part or fulltime
basis. The practice deprives children of their
childhood ,and is harmful to their physical and
mental development .Poverty lake of good schools
and growth of informal economicy are considered
as the important causes of child labour in India .
11. Statistics/Facts
11
✘ One in every six children aged 5 to 17 world wide is
exploited by child labour .
✘ In south Asia ,another 44 million are engaged in
child labour .
✘ In India more than 1 crore child works as child
labours.
✘ More than 55 millons bonded child labours are
engaged in industrial sectors over all.
✘ More than 10 million bonded children
labourers are working as domestic servants over
all.
12. Definition
12
The term child labour is often defined as work that
deprives children of their childhood, their
potential and dignity and that is harmful to
physical and mental development.
13. Causes
13
Causes of Child Labour
✘ Various causes of child labour like the curse of
poverty, lack of educational resources, Social
and economic backwardness, Addiction,
disease or disability, The lure of cheap labour,
Family tradition, Discrimination between boys
and girls.
✘ Lack of schooling and daily care.
14. Effect
✘ Child labour affects the physical as well as the mental state of the
children .
✘ These children lose their confidence and get used to the different
forms of abuse by the society,they even lose their hope of living a
better life and fulfilling their basic needs like ,food ,shelter,
clothing and education .
✘ Some end up into criminal activities due to low wages .
14
15. Challenges/Limitation
✘ Deprived of education ,health and strength that is essential for
his or her growth ,such activities inhibit intellectual and
personality development .
✘ Poverty ,migration .low family earning ,social conditions etc.
✘ So drives a child to forcefully work in exploitative conditions.
15
16. Suggestion
16
✘ Child abuse & child Labour can be prevented only when people start talking
about it and file a complain against any child abuse happening in the
surrounding.
✘ Provide proper knowledge about good touch and bad touch to the children.
✘ Listening & talking to children about such things.
✘ A group can be formed to reinforce parential skill and monitor the child’s well
being.
✘ The minimum age for work should not be below the age for finishing
compulsory schooling, and in any case not less than 15. Children between the
ages of 13 and 15 years old may do light work, as long as it does not threaten
their health and safety, or hinder their education or vocational orientation and
training.
17. Role of a social Worker
17
✘ Taking Action against child abuse
✘ Making people aware about it & its consequences
✘ Talk to the victim & family & provide counselling
✘ Evaluate the progress of child and caretaking situation.
✘ Support parents and positive parenting
✘ Social workers support individuals and their families through
difficult times and ensure that vulnerable people, including
children and adults, are safeguarded from harm. Their role is to
help improve outcomes in people's lives. They also work closely
with other professionals in health and social care.
18. Conclusion
18
✘ Child abuse is one of the most heinous crimes as it destroys life, hope, dreams
and future of an innocent powerless child. Children are tender what they
experience during childhood remains with them throughout their life. It is the
responsibility of every individual to give a good childhood to every child
because they are the torch bearers of our country's future. Every child
deserves best.
✘ Children constitute the nation’s valuable human resources. The future well
being of the nation depends on how its children grow and develop.
Many children are forced to work and their dreams of good future are
shattered by the some selfish people and this has to be stopped. The great poet
Milton said “Child Shows the man as morning shows the day”. So it is the duty
of the society to look after every child with a view to assuring full development
of its personality.
