Zend Framework 1.8 workshop

Zend Framework 1.8 workshop

Zend Framework
Presentation

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009
PHP5 Zend Certified Engineer


About Me:
ZF Contributor since 2008
Freelance Consultant
PHP Community active member

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Zend Framework

• Full Stack Framework
• Component Library

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


How to Get It?

• Grab it from the download page:
http://framework.zend.com/download/latest
• Through Subversion:
http://framework.zend.com/svn/framework/standard/trunk/

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


How To Install?

Add it to your php.ini include_path directive

include_path = .:/usr/local/lib/php:/PathToZendFrameworkLibrary

That’s it!

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Starting A New Project With Zend_Tool
First requirements:
• For *nix environments copy the zf.sh and zf.php from the ZF/bin
To the same directory as your PHP binary

• For Windows:
•copy the zf.php and zf.bat to the same directory as your
PHP binary
•add the php path to your PATH environment Var:
# Right-click My Computer and select |Properties.
# Select the Environment page.
# In the System Variables area, click on PATH.
# Add the php path to the end in the format VALUE1;VALUE2;c:php
# Click Apply.
# The changes take effect immediately.

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Creating the project “MyProject”

$ zf create project /path/to/non-existent-dir-called-MyProject

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Adding a “MyProject” vhost
Testing environment httpd.conf or httpd-vhosts.conf:

<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerName MyProject
DocumentRoot absolute-path-to-MyProject-folder
ErrorLog logsMyProject-error.log
CustomLog logsMyProject-access.log common
<Directory />
Options FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
Satisfy all
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


For windows: Add the following line to the /etc/host file

127.0.0.1 MyProject

Restart apache, fire up the browser and go to: http://MyProject

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Creating an Action + View
Go to the MyProject directory and issue the following command
to create the helloAction in the IndexController and corresponding view:

$ zf create action hello index

For a full list of commands simply visit:
http://framework.zend.com/manual/en/zend.tool.project.create-a-project.html

Or issue the command:

$ zf --help

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Creating a Module and Controller

$ zf create module admin

$ zf create controller index 1 admin

Note: Trying to create a controller that already exists in another
Module might result in an error. Depending on the Zend_Tool
Verion you have. The solution is to apply the patch from
ZF Issue Tracker: http://framework.zend.com/issues/browse/ZF-6853

Note: If you applied this patch, make sure all controller names in the admin
module start with Admin_

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Registering the Module
class Bootstrap extends Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap
{
protected function _initAutoloadModuleAdmin()
{
$autoloader = new Zend_Application_Module_Autoloader(array(
'namespace' => 'Admin',
'basePath' => APPLICATION_PATH.'/modules/admin',
));
return $autoloader;
}
}

The method is called automatically by Zend_Application as it starts with _init.
You can choose the remainder of the method name as you like.

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Registering the Module
myProject/application/configs/application.ini

resources.frontController.moduleDirectory = APPLICATION_PATH "/modules"

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Setting up the Mysql Database

Add to configs/application.ini [production]
===============================

resources.db.adapter = PDO_MYSQL
resources.db.params.host = localhost
resources.db.params.username = nick
resources.db.params.password = 12345
resources.db.params.dbname = myproject

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Create the database table

CREATE TABLE users (
id int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment,
username varchar(100) NOT NULL,
pwd varchar(32) NOT NULL,
firstname varchar(20) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Populate the table

INSERT INTO users (username, pwd, firstname)
VALUES
('NickBelhomme', md5('hello'), 'Nick'),
('ChanieNavez', md5('strong'), 'Chantal'),
('ElvisP', md5('presley'), 'Elvis');

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The Model + DAO

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


myProject/application/modules/admin/models/dao/Interface.php

interface Admin_Model_Dao_Interface
{
public function find($id);
public function insert($username, $pwd, $firstname);
public function update($id, $username, $pwd, $firstname);
public function delete($id);
public function findAll();
}

Common interface between all DAOs.

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


myProject/application/modules/admin/models/dao/UserDB.php
class Admin_Model_Dao_UserDB extends Zend_Db_Table
implements Admin_Model_Dao_Interface
{
protected $_name = 'users';
public function find($id)
{
Very Simple DAO
$id = (int)$id;
$row = $this->fetchRow('id = ' . $id); (Data Access Object)
if (!$row) {
throw new Exception("Count not find row $id");
}
return $row;
}
public function insert($username, $pwd, $firstname)
{
$data = array(
'username' => $username,
'pwd' => $this->hashPassword($pwd),
'firstname' => $firstname,
);
parent::insert($data);
}
//...
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


myProject/application/modules/admin/models/Dao/UserDB.php
{
//…
public function update($id, $username, $pwd, $firstname)
{
$data = array( Very Simple DAO
'username' => $username,
'pwd' => $this->hashPassword($pwd),
(Data Access Object)
'firstname' => $firstname,
);
parent::update($data, 'id = '. (int)$id);
}
public function delete($id)
{
parent::delete('id =' . (int)$id);
}
public function findAll() {
return $this->fetchAll();
}
protected function hashPassword($pwd) {
return md5($pwd);
}
}
?>

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


myProject/application/modules/admin/models/User.php
class Admin_Model_User
{
const DAO_CLASS = 'Admin_Model_Dao_UserDB';
protected $dao;

public function __construct() {
$daoClassName = self::DAO_CLASS;
$this->dao = new $daoClassName(); The Model
} using the DAO.
public function find($id)
{
return $this->dao->find($id);
Easy Switching between
} Different data resources
public function insert($username, $pwd, $firstname)
{
return $this->dao->insert($username, $pwd, $firstname);
}
public function update($id, $username, $pwd, $firstname)
{
return $this->dao->update($id, $username, $pwd, $firstname);
}
// ...
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


myProject/application/modules/admin/models/User.php

<?php
{ The Model
// ... using the DAO.
public function delete($id)
{ Easy Switching between
return $this->dao->delete($id); Different data resources
}

public function findAll()
{
return $this->dao->findAll();
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The Actions and Views

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Setting up the admin actions

$ zf create action add index 1 admin
$ zf create action edit index 1 admin
$ zf create action delete index 1 admin

Again if you are using a version of Zend_Tool which isn’t fully module
Aware you can patch the Zend_Tool_Project_Provider_Action with
if (self::hasResource($this->_loadedProfile, $name, $controllerName, $module))

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The Admin_IndexController indexAction

public function indexAction()
{
$users = new Admin_Model_User();
$this->view->users = $users->findAll();
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The corresponding index.phtml view script:
myProject/application/modules/admin/views/scripts/index/index.phtml
<p><a href="<?php echo $this->url(array('controller'=>'index',
'action'=>'add'));?>">Add new user</a></p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Username</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th> </th>
</tr>
<?php foreach($this->users as $user) : ?>
<tr>
<td><?php echo $this->escape($user->username);?></td>
<td><?php echo $this->escape($user->firstname);?></td>
<td>
<a href="<?php echo $this->url(array('controller'=>'index',
'action'=>'edit',
'id'=>$user->id));?>">Edit</a>
<a href="<?php echo $this->url(array('controller'=>'index',
'action'=>'delete',
'id'=>$user->id));?>">Delete</a>
</td>
</tr>
<?php endforeach; ?>
</table>

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The Admin_IndexController deleteAction
REST:
public function deleteAction() irreversible
{ action use
if ($this->getRequest()->isPost()) { POST not
$del = $this->getRequest()->getPost('del'); GET
if ($del == 'Yes') {
$id = $this->getRequest()->getPost('id');
$users->delete($id);
}
$this->_redirect('/admin/');
} else {
$id = $this->_getParam('id', 0);
$this->view->user = $users->find($id);
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The corresponding delete.phtml view script:
myProject/application/modules/admin/views/scripts/index/delete.phtml

<p>Are you sure that you want to delete
'<?php echo $this->escape($this->user['username']); ?>' aka
'<?php echo $this->escape($this->user['firstname']); ?>'?
</p>

<form action="<?php echo $this->url(array('action'=>'delete')); ?>" method="post">
<fieldset>
<input type="hidden" name="id"
value="<?php echo $this->escape($this->user['id']); ?>" />
<input type="submit" name="del" value="Yes" />
<input type="submit" name="del" value="No" />
</fieldset>
</form>

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The Admin_IndexController addAction

public function addAction()
{
if ($this->getRequest()->isPost()) {
$action = $this->getRequest()->getPost('action');
if ($action == 'add') {
$username = $this->getRequest()->getPost('username');
$pwd = $this->getRequest()->getPost('pwd');
$firstname = $this->getRequest()->getPost('firstname');
$users->insert($username, $pwd, $firstname);
}
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The corresponding add.phtml view script:
myProject/application/modules/admin/views/scripts/index/add.phtml

<h2>Add a new User</h2>
<form action="<?php echo $this->url(array('action'=>'add')); ?>" method="post">
<fieldset>
username: <input type="text" name="username"><br/>
password: <input type="password" name="pwd"><br/>
firstname: <input type="text" name="firstname"><br/>
<input type="submit" name="action" value="add" />
</fieldset>
</form>

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The Admin_IndexController editAction
public function editAction()
{
if ($this->getRequest()->isPost()) {
if ($action == 'edit') {
$id = $this->getRequest()->getPost('id');
$firstname = $this->getRequest()->getPost('firstname');
$users->update($username, $pwd, $firstname);
}
} else {
$id = $this->_getParam('id', 0);
$this->view->user = $users->find($id);
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The corresponding edit.phtml view script:
myProject/application/modules/admin/views/scripts/index/edit.phtml

<h2>Edit User: <?php echo $this->escape($this->user->username); ?></h2>
<form action="<?php echo $this->url(array('action'=>'edit')); ?>" method="post">
<fieldset>
<input type="hidden" name="id"
value="<?php echo $this->escape($this->user->id); ?>">
username: <input type="text" name="username"
value="<?php echo $this->escape($this->user->username); ?>"><br/>
firstname: <input type="text" name="firstname"
value="<?php echo $this->escape($this->user->firstname); ?>"><br/>
<input type="submit" name="action" value="edit" />
</fieldset>
</form>

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Authentication:
Zend_Auth

Authentication is loosely defined as determining whether
an entity actually is what it purports to be (i.e., identification),
based on some set of credentials.

http://framework.zend.com/manual/en/zend.auth.html#zend.auth.introduction

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Append the DAO and User Classes
interface Admin_Model_Dao_Interface
{
// …
public function findCredentials($username, $pwd);
}

{
// …
public function findCredentials($username, $pwd)
{
$select = $this->select()->where('username = ?', $username)
->where('pwd = ?', $this->hashPassword($pwd));
$row = $this->fetchRow($select);
if($row) {
return $row;
}
return false;
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Append the DAO and User Classes

{
// ...
public function findCredentials($username, $password)
{
return $this->dao->findCredentials($username, $password);
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Always use a vendor or project prefix
And inform the autoloader of library prefixes

Prepend the application bootstrap

class Bootstrap extends Zend_Application_Bootstrap_Bootstrap
{
protected function _initAutoloadModuleDefault()
{
$autoloader = new Zend_Application_Module_Autoloader(array(
'namespace' => 'Myp',
'basePath' => dirname(__FILE__)
));
return $autoloader;
}
//...
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Create an application model: The Auth Adapter
myProject/application/models/AuthAdapter.php
class Myp_Model_AuthAdapter implements Zend_Auth_Adapter_Interface
{
protected $username;
protected $password;
protected $user;

public function __construct($username, $password) {
$this->username = $username;
$this->password = $password;
$this->user = new Admin_Model_User();
}
public function authenticate()
{
$match = $this->user->findCredentials($this->username, $this->password);
if(!$match) {
$result = new Zend_Auth_Result(Zend_Auth_Result::FAILURE_CREDENTIAL_INVALID, null);
} else {
$user = current($match);
$result = new Zend_Auth_Result(Zend_Auth_Result::SUCCESS, $user);
}
return $result;
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The IndexController loginAction

$ zf create action login index 1

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The IndexController loginAction
public function loginAction()
{
$auth = Zend_Auth::getInstance();
if(Zend_Auth::getInstance()->hasIdentity()) {
$this->_redirect('/index/hello');
} else if ($this->getRequest()->isPost()) {
if ($action == 'login') {
$authAdapter = new Myp_Model_AuthAdapter($username, $pwd);
$result = $auth->authenticate($authAdapter);
if(!$result->isValid()) {
switch ($result->getCode()) {
case Zend_Auth_Result::FAILURE_CREDENTIAL_INVALID:
$this->view->error = 'user credentials not found';
}
} else {
$this->_redirect('/index/hello');
}
}
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The corresponding login.phtml view script:
myProject/application/views/scripts/index/login.phtml

<h2>Login</h2>
<form action="<?php echo $this->url(array('action'=>'login')); ?>" method="post">
<fieldset>
username: <input type="text" name="username"><br/>
<div><?php echo $this->escape($this->error);?></div>
<input type="submit" name="action" value="login" />
</fieldset>
</form>

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The IndexController helloAction

public function helloAction()
{
if(Zend_Auth::getInstance()->hasIdentity()) {
$this->view->user = Zend_Auth::getInstance()->getIdentity();
}
}

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


The corresponding hello.phtml view script:
myProject/application/views/scripts/index/hello.phtml

<?php if(isset($this->user)):?>
welcome <?php echo $this->escape($this->user['firstname']); ?>,
to the MyProject application.
<?php else: ?>
you need to login first.
<a href="<?php echo $this->url(array('action' => 'login')); ?>">login</a>
<?php endif; ?>

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


And that is Authentication.

if(Zend_Auth::getInstance()->hasIdentity())

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


What about?

•Authorization (Zend_Acl)
•Filter Input, Escape Output?
•Input Validation (Zend_Validate)
•Input filtering (Zend_Filter)
•Dynamic Forms (Zend_Form)

And all the other great stuff???!!!!

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


There is always next time!

1 hour courses, remember??? ;)

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009


Resources

•http://blog.nickbelhomme.com
•http://www.slideshare.net/weierophinney/zend-framework-workshop-dpc09
•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zend_Framework
•http://blog.astrumfutura.com/archives/373-The-M-in-MVC-Why-Models-
are-Misunderstood-and-Unappreciated.html

Source code of this workshop available at:
http://blog.nickbelhomme.com/wp-content/uploads/workshopzf1.8.zip

Nick Belhomme
17 June 2009

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