adenoiditis ppt

1. ADENOIDITIS
INTRODUCTION
Adenoids are small lymph of tissue located at the back of the throat just above the
tonsils. Along with the tonsils they are the first line of defense against bacteria and
viruses. Adenoids are part of the lymphatic system. Adenoids store white blood
cells and antibodies They are the part of the immune system which helps fight
infection. Adenoids are present in children. They start to grow from the birth and
reach maximum size at the age of 5. At the age of the 7 years old they start to
shrink away and at adulthood they disappeared completely. If they are infected
with pathogens and allergens, causes adenoiditis.
DEFINITION
Adenoiditis is an inflammation of the adenoids cause by the infection.
ETIOLOGY
1. Bacteria such a Group A beta streptococci.
2. It can also be caused by a number of viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus,
adenovirus, and rhinovirus.
RISK FCATORS
1. Recurring infection in the throat, neck and head.
2. Infection of the tonsils.
3. Children are more susceptible to the adenoiditis.
CLINICAL MENIFESTATION
1. Nasal obstruction or difficult breathing through the nose.
2. Foul smelling breath.
3. Voice impairment.
4. Fever.
5. Sore throat.
6. Malaise.
7. Earache.
8. Snoring.

2. DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
A. History collection.
B. Physical examination.
C. Blood test to determine the presence of pathogens.
D. Throat swab culture to obtain sample of bacteria and other pathogens
E. X ray of head and neck to determine the size of adenoids and extent of
the infection.
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT
A. Antibiotics: Penicillin, amoxicillin.
B. Antipyretic: Paracetamol.
C. Analgesics: Ibuprofen, Aspirin.
D. Anti-inflammatory and corticosteroids.