This slide aims to help and guide students on how to start finding literature review through WOS and SCOPUS. The content is excerpted from various sources available from the internet. This is solely meant for education purpose.

1. How to Search Literature In Citation
Databases (Web of Science , SCOPUS)
Journal Paper & Thesis Writing Workshop,
PGSS FS 2011
SITI NISRIN MOHD ANIS,
RESEARCH SUPPORT DEPT, PERPUSTAKAAN SULTANAH ZANARIAH,
UTM, SKUDAI , JOHOR
2 November 2011
Blog : http://www.staff.blog.utm.my/pszresearchsupport/
nisrin@mel.psz.utm.my | nisrin@utm.my

2. How to access?

3. OR http://portal.psz.utm.my/psz/

4. Steps:
PSZ portal Databases
choose WOS or SCOPUS 
login through EZProxy ( your

5. HOW TO START YOUR SEARCH
VIA WEB OF SCIENCE / SCOPUS

6. WOS : By Topic / Subjects

8. SCOPUS : by Topic / Subjects

10. Web of Science SCOPUS Refine Option
Web of Science Refine Option SCOPUS Refine Option

11. Other output categories in SCOPUS
• More
– The reference icon indicates that a document is
not available in the Scopus database, but is
extracted from references list in Scopus
documents
• Web - Web results by SCIRUS
• Patents

12. To search for list of Impact Factor
ONLY available in
WOS via Journal
Citation Reports
(JCR)

14. H-index
• to measure both the productivity and impact of the published
work of a scientist or scholar.
• The index is based on the set of the scientist's most cited papers
and the number of citations that they have received in other
people's publications.
• The index can also be applied to the productivity and impact of a
group of scientists, such as a department or university or country.
• The index was suggested by Jorge E. Hirsch, a physicist at UCSD, as
a tool for determining theoretical physicists' relative quality[1] is
sometimes called the Hirsch index or Hirsch number.

15. H-index is available in WOS &
SCOPUS
• Example, Prof Norsarahaida Amin
• List the author abbrevations:
– Amin, N
– Amin, Norsarahaida
– Amin, Norsarahaida S

16. In WOS , use Author Finder

19. H-index for Prof Amin, N
Citation count for Prof Amin, N

20. In SCOPUS, use Author Search +
Affiliation

23. H-Index : WOS vs SCOPUS
• Example :Prof Norsarahaida Amin
 H-index WOS : 11 || Citation WOS : 372
 H-index SCOPUS : 12 || Citation SCOPUS : 455
• Q: Usually, h-index / citation in SCOPUS will be
slightly higher or higher than h-index in WOS, why?
A: Both databases covers different regions (WOS
more to US , SCOPUS more to European & Asian )

24. What is citation?
• citation is a reference to a published or
unpublished source
• The usage :
to attribute prior or unoriginal work and ideas to
the correct sources
to allow the reader to determine independently
whether the referenced material supports the
author's argument in the claimed way
(wikipedia)

25. Citation Calculation
• Differs between WOS, SCOPUS & Google Scholars
• WOS provides more details calculation
• Publish or Perish (PoP) Software helps to calculate
citation of Google Scholars
• Usually, citation counts in SCOPUS is higher than
WOS
• Sometimes, Google Scholars citation counts is
higher than both prominent citation databases
• Nevertheless, WOS is the citation pioneer & their
data is trustworthy

26. Example of citation count
(SCOPUS): by topic

27. Sort by:

29. Example of citation count (Web of
Science) : by Topic

32. OTHER INFO ABOUT IMPACT
FACTORS, CITATION & RELATED
INFO

33. About Web of Science
• The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)
was founded by Eugene Garfield in 1960.
• It was acquired by Thomson Scientific &
Healthcare in 1992, became known as
Thomson ISI
• and now is part of the Healthcare & Science
business of the multi-billion dollar Thomson
Reuters Corporation.
• Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institute_for_Scientific_Information

34. About Web of Science
• ISI offered bibliographic database services
• Its speciality: citation indexing & analysis
• It maintains citation databases [print-based
indexing services: Science Citation Index (SCI),
Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), Arts and
Humanities Citation Index (AHCI).
• All of these are available via ISI's Web of
Knowledge database service.

35. What is Web of Knowledge ?
• Web of Knowledge is a research platform
• it brings together many different types of
content for searching [ Journal articles,
patents, websites, conference proceedings,
Open Access material ]
• all can be accessed through one interface

36. Web of Science VS Web of Knowledge
• Web of Science® can be found within Web of
Knowledge
• This resource offers access to journal articles
in the sciences, social sciences and arts and
humanities.
• Contains over 100 years of valuable research,
fully indexed and cross-searchable.

37. Web of Science Content
1. Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) --
1990-present
2. Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) --1990-present
3. Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) --1990-
present
4. Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Science (CPCI-
S) --2004-present
5. Conference Proceedings Citation Index- Social Science
& Humanities (CPCI-SSH) --2004-present

38. Useful Links:
• Link to List of Science Citation Index Journal :
– http://science.thomsonreuters.com/cgi-
bin/jrnlst/jloptions.cgi?PC=K
• Link to List of Art & Humanities Citation Index
Journal
– http://science.thomsonreuters.com/cgi-
bin/jrnlst/jloptions.cgi?PC=H

39. Useful Links:
Useful Links:
• Link to List of Social Science Citation Index
Journal
• http://science.thomsonreuters.com/cgi-
bin/jrnlst/jloptions.cgi?PC=J
•
• Link to Conference Proceedings Citation Index
• http://thomsonreuters.com/products_service
s/science/science_products/a-
z/conf_proceedings_citation_index

41. In SCOPUS You can start your
search by:
• Document Search
– Article Title, Abstracts , Keywords
– Source Title ( journal / conf. titles)
– Authors
• Authors Search
• Affiliation Search (by authors institution)
• Advanced Search (with OPERATORS &
specialized codes)

42. Define Impact Factor
• A citation metric
• the impact factor of a journal is the average
number of citations received per paper
published in that journal
• The journal must be published in 2
consecutive years, so the IF can be calculated
in the 3rd year

43. Example of IF calculation
• In 2008, a journal has an impact factor of 3.0
• it means papers published in 2006 and 2007
received 3 citations each on average.
Calculation:
2008 impact factor = A/B

44. 2008 impact factor = A/B
A = the number of times articles published in
2006 and 2007 were cited by indexed journals
during 2008
B = the total number of "citable items"
published by that journal in 2006 and 2007.
("Citable items" are usually articles, reviews,
proceedings, or notes; not editorials or
Letters-to-the-Editor.)

45. Reminder!
• 2008 impact factors are actually published in
2009
• it cannot be calculated until all of the 2008
publications have been processed by the
indexing agency

46. From UTM Pub List 2010

50. Related to IF : Immediacy Index
• immediacy index is a measurement of the
skewness of the curve
• Its calculate of how quickly items in that
journal get cited upon publication

51. Related to IF : Cited-half life
• is a measure of the rate of decline of the
citation curve
• Its calculate of how long articles in a journal
continue to be cited after publication

52. Related to IF : Citing-half life
• the median age of articles cited by the journal
in the JCR year.
• For example, in JCR 2003, the journal Food
Biotechnology has a citing half-life of 9.0. That
means that 50% of all articles cited by articles
in Food Biotechnology in 2003 were published
between 1995 and 2003 (inclusive).

53. Related to IF : Citing-half life
• Only journals that publish 100 or more cited
references have a citing half-life
• Cited-only journals do not have a citing half-
life

54. SUMMARY OF CITATION MEASUREMENT
• the journal impact factor, the ratio of the number of citations to
the previous 2 years of the journal divided by the number of
articles in those years — this is essentially the average number of
recent citations per article
• the journal immediacy index, the number of citations that year to
articles published the same year
• the journal citing half life, the median age of the articles that were
cited by the articles published in the journal that year
• the journal cited half life, the median age of the articles in the
journal that were cited by other journals during the year

55. Another citation metric :
Eigenfactor
• a measure of journal influence
• Unlike traditional metrics [Impact Factor] the
Eigenfactor method weights journal citations by the
influence of the citing journals.
• As a result, a journal is influential if it is cited by other
influential journals.

56. Other definition of Eigenfactor Score
• The Eigenfactor Score calculation is based on the number of
times articles from the journal published in the past five years
have been cited in the JCR year
• It also considers which journals have contributed these
citations so that highly cited journals will influence the
network more than lesser cited journals.
• References from one article in a journal to another article
from the same journal are removed, so that Eigenfactor
Scores are not influenced by journal self-citation

57. Related to Eigenscore :
Article Influence Score
determines the average influence of a
journal's articles over the first five years
after publication.
calculated by dividing a journal’s
Eigenfactor Score by the number of
articles in the journal, normalized as a
fraction of all articles in all publications.

58. The mean of Article Influence Score is 1.00
• A score greater than 1.00 indicates that
each article in the journal has above-
average influence.
•A score less than 1.00 indicates that each
article in the journal has below-average
influence.

59. Journal Citation Report (JCR)
• An annual publication by the Healthcare &
Science division of Thomson Reuters
• It has been integrated with the Web of
Knowledge, by Thomson Reuters
• Can be accessed from the Web of Science to
JCR Web

63. About H-index : the formula
‘ A scientist has index h if h of [his/her] Np papers have at
least h citations each, and the other (Np − h) papers
have at most h citations each’
Example, Prof Norsarahaida Amin has h-index of 12, total
pub of 49 articles
from 49 articles she published in SCOPUS, at least 12 of
the articles is cited 12 times

64. Other citation analysis tool :
Harzing Publish or Perish
The founder : Prof
Anne-Will Harzing

66. Harzing’s software (free download)
http://www.harzing.com

67. FROM HARZING TO EXCELL TO
AUTHOR’S ANALYSIS

68. Example of Harzing
Publish or Perish

71. How to search for subject not
cover in Web of Science ?
Example : Thermofluids
• Step 1 : identify terms and keywords,
synonyms and related terms for the said topic
• Step 2: Use WOS to search for related
journals

72. Search by Subject / Topic

73. Output display  refine by Subject Areas

74. In refine by Subject Areas, click at ‘more options/values'  choose
most suitable subject  then analyze results

75. In Rank the records, choose Source Title ( journal title)

83. SUBJECTS WITH IMPACT FACTOR

88. Note
Q1 : Does Proceeding has impact factor?
A1 : Usually, NO, example,
“AMS2010: Asia Modelling Symposium 2010 - 4th
International Conference on Mathematical
Modelling and Computer Simulation”  no impact
factor
Q2: Journal title exist, but no impact factor ?
A2: The journal is not publish in 3 consecutive years

89. Other Info
• ISI publishes Science Watch, a newsletter
which identifies every two months one paper
published in the previous two years as a Fast
breaking paper in each of 22 broad fields of
science, such as Mathematics (including
Statistics), Engineering, Biology, Chemistry,
and Physics

90. “ the life of a professor is great – it’s
either publish or PARIS!!”
????

91. THANK YOU
Contact us : jsp@mel.psz.utm.my
Visit us at Blog :
http://www.staff.blog.utm.my/pszresearchsupport/