New Trends in Societal Security research in the Nordic countries 26 - 27 November 2014 in Stockholm

1. The Duty of Care:
Protecting Citizens Abroad
(DoC:PRO)
Presentation for NordForsk conference, Stockholm 27/11-14
Halvard Leira (standing in for Nina Græger)

2. Background
• General focus on societal security
• But is society geographically restricted to the state?
• More than 150.000 Norwegians residing abroad
• More than 10 million travels abroad per year (2013)
• Risks abroad increasing
• Norwegian state presence abroad has increased
• Norwegian companies, NGOs, tourists etc. are in more places
• Numerous examples of challenges over the last decade
Important to discuss security of society abroad

3. Overall framework: The Duty of Care
• Concept which lends itself to understanding, explaining
and demonstrating effects of territorially defined state
practices, as they are exported beyond the border
• General questions: What is it? Who has this duty? How
is it articulated? Who is covered? How are they
covered, and whith what effects?
• Assumptions about variation
• According to closeness to the state
• According to type of activity (Public vs. Private)
• According to country (comparative dimension)

4. Four work packages
• Conceptual/historical
• Theoretical and conceptual
• Historical development
• General comparative
• Diplomacy
• Consular duty of care
• Travel advice/insurance
• Diplomats as targets
• Policy
• Policy and risk increase
• International military operations
• Diasporas and radicalization
• Information gathering and the proactive Duty of Care
• Economy
• Trade interests/the state
• Markets and law enacting the Duty of Care
• Public/private best practices

5. Broad project
• Running from 1/1 2015 through 2017
• Wide variety of data and methods
• 12 researchers
• 4 countries
• 3 partners
• CMS Copenhagen
• Clingendael The Hague
• University of Edinburgh
• Extensive user group, with representatives of
ministries, NGOs and economic/trade interests