2013 MBAA/NAMS presentation, "An Emerging Economy in the Great Recession: Croatia's Quest for Workplace Health and Safety" Melody L. Wollan, Eastern Illinois University; Foster C. Rinefort, Eastern Illinois University; and Joseph A. Petrick, Wright State University
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
An emerging economy in the great recession
1. An Emerging Economy
in the Great Recession:
Croatia's Quest for
Workplace Health
and Safety
Melody L. Wollan, PhD, SPHR
Associate Professor of Management,
Eastern Illinois University
Foster C. Rinefort, PhD, PE, SPHR
Professor Emeritus, Eastern Illinois University
Joseph A. Petrick, PhD, SPHR
Professor of Management, Wright State University
2. Introduction
• Recent history
• Yugoslavia
• European Union
• Political Instability
• Economics
• Financial Crisis
• Government
• Occupational Safety &
Health
Purpose:
An overview to inform further
data collection and analysis
on management issues in this
country, including health and
safety of the Croatia workforce
3. ECONOMY
Overview
WWII – Market Socialism Succession of Leadership
1991 Independence Pop. 4,480,000
Privatization of industry & business
Exceptions Commitment to workers &
Agriculture and fishing (9.3% of holdings at end of 2001) Western business strategy
Tourism (21% of holdings)
Industry and mining (43% of remaining holdings).
7. ECONOMY
Overview
WWII – Market Socialism Succession of Leadership
1991 Independence Pop. 4,480,000
Privatization of industry & business
Exceptions
Agriculture and fishing (9.3% of holdings at end of 2001) Commitment to workers & Western business
Tourism (21% of holdings) strategy
Industry and mining (43% of remaining holdings).
Recession pressures
Increasing foreign debt, exports stable
Tight budgets
Deterioration of capital investments
Change in “tourism” to less profitable type
8. Table 1:
Principle Measures of Economic Activity in Croatia (CIA World Factbook, 2012 )
2010 2012
Gross Domestic Product $79 billion $81 billion
Population 4,416,000 4,480,000
Gross Domestic Product per Capita $17,500 $18,400
-6% 0%
Change in Gross Domestic Product
(from 2009 to 2010) (from 2011 to 2012)
Budget Deficit as % of GDP 2% 6%
Public Debt as % of GDP 58% 44%
Inflation 1.1% 2.3%
Labor Force 1,800,000 1,717,000
Unemployment 16% 18%
9. GLOBAL INFLUENCES ON
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH
United Nations
International Labor Organization (ILO)
International Occupational Safety and Health Information Center
Global Program on Occupational Safety, Health, and the Environment
World Health Organization (WHO)
2009 - Global Plan of Action on Worker Health (GPA)
2010 - National workshop on worker health
United Nations Economic, Social, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
European Union
European Union Occupational Safety and Health system (Brussels)
European Agency for Safety and Health at Work
United States - Media & diplomatic missions
National Safety Council
International accident facts
National safety congress
OSHA - Voluntary Protection Program Participants Association
10. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH IN CROATIA
Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
Croatian Institute for Health Protection and Safety at Work
Croatian Institute for Insurance and Protection of Workers Health
Croatian Institute for Public Health
Croatian Institute for Retirement Insurance
State Inspectorate - enforcement and statistical reports
Private Organization: National Council for Occupational Safety of the Republic of Croatia
World Health Organization Conferences (WHO)
“Health Promotion at the Workplace: The Goals and the Means”
Groznjan (2010) - WHO Collaborating Centre for Occupational Health
"Healthy Workplaces for Health Workers“
Zagreb (2011) - SEE Network on Workers’ Health - Workplace Academy
11. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH IN CROATIA
Most Recent Data - U.S. Department of State (2009)
“…many industries often did not meet worker protection standards.”
“In 2009 the inspectorate initiated 3,316 requests for misdemeanor
proceedings covering 6,635 violations of safety standards.”
“During 2009 courts handed down 5,286 decisions for misdemeanor acts
involving work safety, a great number of which concerned cases from 2007
and 2008.”
“…of the 11,932 misdemeanor cases reported over the past few years,
4,351 have been thrown out due to the statute of limitations."
12. OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & HEALTH IN CROATIA
Accident/Injury reporting factors
Reductions in reporting – Threat of loss of employment
Increases in reporting - economic pressures, governmental
emphasis, reduced employer support, and decreased influences of
trade unions
Motor vehicle indications of safety & health
6120 fatalities (13.6 per 100,000 people) reported in 2010
More than triple the rate for most northern European countries.
Probable causes include: economic pressure, increased traffic, poor
roadway maintenance, and increased numbers of immigrant and
younger drivers.
13. MANAGERIAL IMPLICATIONS
• Croatian Agencies to support workplace health and
safety are stabilizing and adapting European Union
standards
• Mechanisms are in place now for reporting violations
• Privatization of Croatian industry has increased foreign
ownership in companies and that will increase the
influence of global standards in safety
• Building expectations for managing health and safety
(weak managerial skills by Croatians in general)
• Building infrastructure nationally will aid worker health
and safety (new roads are not just for tourists)