Network management systems

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Network Management Systems
in Large Enterprise
by. Nour El-deen Mahmoud Khalifa

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Outline
Introduction To Network Management (NM).
Functional Areas of NM.
Network Management Protocols.
Network Management Systems (NMS).
NMS in Large Enterprise.
Case Study.
NMS Products and Live Demo.

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Introduction To Network Management (NM)
Network management is the process of controlling a
complex data network to maximize its efficiency and
productivity.
The overall goal is to ensure that complex data can
go across Network with maximum efficiency and
transparency to the users.

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Outline
Introduction To Network Management (NM).
Functional Areas of NM.
Network Management Protocols.
Network Management Systems (NMS).
NMS in Large Enterprise.
Case Study.
NMS Products and Live Demo.

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Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)
1. Configuration Management.
2. Fault Management.
3. Performance Management.
4. Security Management.
5. Accounting Management.

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Configuration Management.
Initializing and configuring network :
1. Network Devices Configuration (bridges, switches,
routers, etc.)
2. Hardware / Software updates to network devices.
3. Workstations and Servers Configuration.
Gracefully shutting down part or all of the network.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Configuration Management.
How To Configure:
1. A console directly is attached to the device.
2. Remote login across the network.
3. Network Management System.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)
1. Configuration Management.
2. Fault Management.
3. Performance Management.
4. Security Management.
5. Accounting Management.

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Fault Management
Is the process of locating problems, or faults on the
data network.
It involves the following steps:
1. Discover the problem.
2. Isolate the problem.
3. Fix the problem (if possible).
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Fault Management
How to Fix The Fault
1. Reconfigure or modify network with Minimal effect
on network performance.
2. Repair or replace failed components.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)
1. Configuration Management.
2. Fault Management.
3. Performance Management.
4. Security Management.
5. Accounting Management.

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Performance Management.
Involves measuring the performance of the network
hardware, software, and media.
Examples of measured activities are:
1. Overall throughput.
2. Percentage utilization.
3. Error rates and potential bottlenecks.
4. Response time.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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1. Configuration Management.
2. Fault Management.
3. Performance Management.
4. Security Management.
5. Accounting Management.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Security Management.
 Is the process of controlling access to information on the data
network.
 Security management includes:
1. Confidentiality.
2. Integrity.
3. Authentication.
4. Availability.
5. Access control.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Security Management.
 Monitoring and controlling access to computer networks.
 Provides audit trails and sounds alarms for security breaches.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)
1. Configuration Management.
2. Fault Management.
3. Performance Management.
4. Security Management.
5. Accounting Management.

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Accounting Management.
 Involves tracking individual’s utilization and network resources
(cost) to ensure that users have sufficient resources.
 Accounting Management trace Network for
1. User or group may be abusing access.
2. Users may be making inefficient use of network.
3. The Need for network growth.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Accounting Management.
 Accounting management may also place limits on the use of
network resources.
 Verify users' authorization to access and manipulate
accounting information.
Functional Areas of Network Management (NM)

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Outline
Introduction To Network Management (NM).
Functional Areas of NM.
Network Management Protocols.
Network Management Systems (NMS).
NMS in Large Enterprise.
Case Study.
NMS Products and Live Demo.

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Network Management Protocols.
 A simple protocol defines common data formats and
parameters and allows for easy retrieval of information.
 A complex protocol adds some change capability and security.
 An advanced protocol remotely executes network
management tasks, is independent of the network protocol
layer.

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Network Management Protocols.
The most common Network Management Protocols are:
1. SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol).
2. SNMPv2 and SNMPv3.
3. CMIS/CMIP (Common Management Information
Services/Common Management Information Protocol).
4. RMON (Remote network MONitoring) Version 1 and 2.

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Simple Network Management Protocol
(SNMP)
 Proposed in 1989.
 Provides a tool
1. for multi-vendor, interoperable network management.
2. used across a broad spectrum of product types
Included in end systems, bridges, switches, routers and
telecommunications equipment.
 Operate in application layer - Port 161,162.
Network Management Protocols.

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SNMP Versions
 SNMP v1
 Introduced 1989
 TCP/IP
 No security consideration
 Not efficient
 SNMP v2
 Introduced 1993
 TCP/IP & OSI
 Protecting Messages from Disclosure
 Multiple Request Problem solved
 Much Layers and More Complex
 SNMP v3
 Introduced 1998
 Built Upon the Two First Versions of SNMP
 Additional Security and Administrative Capabilities
Network Management Protocols.

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CMIS/CMIP
 Common Management Information Services/Common
Management Information Protocol
 Run over OSI framework.
 More complicated than other protocols and is not very
common.
Network Management Protocols.

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RMON
 Remote network MONitoring
 A supplement to SNMP
 Extend the capabilities of SNMP to include management of
LANs as well as the devices attached to those networks
 RMON 1 issued in 1991
 RMON 2 issued in 1995
Network Management Protocols.

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What To Choose
SNMP and CMIP play complementary roles
depending on the size of the network, it may be best
to adopt a network management system that uses
both.
1. SNMP is used to manage specific LANs with RMON.
2. CMIP is used to manage a WAN of LANs.
Network Management Protocols.

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Outline
Introduction to Network Management (NM).
Functional Areas of NM.
Network Management Protocols.
Network Management Systems (NMS).
NMS in Large Enterprise.
Case Study.
NMS Products and Live Demo.

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Network Management Systems (NMS)
Introduction.
NMS Key Elements.
Network Management platform.
 How To choose Network Management System.

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Introduction to Network Management
Systems (NMS)
 Collection of tools for network monitoring and control.
 Single operator interface.
 Powerful, user friendly command set.
 Performing most or all management Functions.
 View entire network as unified architecture.
 Active elements provide regular feedback.
Network Management System (NMS)

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 NMS agents reside in the host computers and
communications processors (bridges, routers)
 Two or more network control centers are used
1. High availability (backup).
2. One center is idle or collecting statistics.
3. The other center is used for control.
Introduction to Network Management
Systems (NMS)
Network Management System (NMS)

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Network Management Systems (NMS)
Introduction.
NMS Key Elements.
Network Management platform.
 How To choose Network Management System.

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NMS Key Elements
 Management station.
 Management Agent.
 Management information base.
 Network management protocol.
Network Management System (NMS)

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NMS Key Elements
Management Station
Management Agent
Management Agent
Management Agent
Network management protocol.
MIB
MIB
MIBMIB

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1- Management Station
 Stand alone system or part of shared system.
 Interface for human network manager.
 Set of management applications
 Data analysis
 Fault recovery
 Interface to monitor and control network.
 Data base of network management information extracted
from managed entities
Network Management System Key Elements

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2- Management Agent
 Hosts, bridges, hubs, routers equipped with agent software
 Allow them to be managed from management station
 Respond to requests for information
 Respond to requests for action
 Asynchronously supply unsolicited information
Network Management System Key Elements

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3- Management Information Base
 Representation of network resources as objects.
 is a database used for managing the entities in a
communications network
 MIB is collection of access points at agent for management of
station.
 Objects standardized across class of system
 Bridge, router etc.
Network Management System Key Elements

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4- Network Management Protocol
 Link between management station and agent.
 TCP/IP uses SNMP.
 OSI uses Common Management Information Protocol (CMIP).
 SNMPv2 (enhanced SNMP) for OSI and TCP/IP.
Network Management System Key Elements

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NMS Key Elements

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Network Management Systems (NMS)
Introduction.
NMS Key Elements.
Network Management platform.
 How To choose Network Management System.

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Network Management platform
Basic features for any platform to include are:
 Graphical User Interface (GUI)
 Network Map
 Database Management System (DBMS)
 Standard Method to Query Devices
 Customizable Menu System
 Event Log
Network Management System (NMS)

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Additional features for a platform include:
 Graphing Tools
 Application Programming Interface (API)
 System Security
Network Management platform
Network Management System (NMS)

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Network Management Systems (NMS)
Introduction.
NMS Key Elements.
Network Management platform.
 How To choose Network Management System.

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How To choose Network Management
System
 Two major components: the Platform and Applications
 A practical approach follows these steps:
 Perform device inventory
 Prioritize the functional areas of network management
 Survey network management applications
 Choose the network management platform
Network Management System (NMS)

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Outline
Introduction to Network Management (NM).
Functional Areas of NM.
Network Management Protocols.
Network Management Systems (NMS).
NMS in Large Enterprise.
Case Study.
NMS Products and Live Demo.

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NMS in Large Enterprise.
Large Enterprise International definition :
Over 5,000 Employees.
Annual turnover greater than 1.5 billion Euros
A balance sheet total of more than 2 billion Euros is also
considered to be a large enterprise.
National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies - France
http://www.insee.fr/en/methodes/default.asp?page=definitions/grande-entreprise.htm

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NMS in Large Enterprise.
IT Definition
Small and Midsize Business
 This size organization only has a part-time individual managing its data and/or IT
infrastructure.
 the organization may even outsource this task to a third party contractor.
Small and Midsize Enterprises
 This size organization has one or more full time IT employees dedicated to
managing its data and IT infrastructure.
 IT manager, system administrator or network administrator.

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NMS in Large Enterprise.
Large Enterprise.
 This size organizations has grown to the point where it needs dedicated, full time IT
staff
 Hundreds or thousands of people working on PC or lab-tops.
 the organization will have a large amount of data (hundreds of TBs or even PBs,)
 SAN administrator, Exchange administrator, database administrator, etc

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NMS in Large Enterprise.
 DNS (Domain Name Service) and AD (Active Directory)
 Servers and DHCP (Dynamic Host Control Protocol)
 firewalls and IDS/IPSs (Intrusion Detection/Prevention Systems)
 Critical connected application servers
 Monitoring devices resources and applications
 Monitoring ports/interfaces
 Setting performance thresholds
 Help desk and trouble ticketing
 Security monitoring and management

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NMS in Large Enterprise.

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NMS in Large Enterprise.

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Outline
Introduction of Network Management (NM).
Functional Areas of NM.
Network Management Protocols.
Network Management Systems (NMS).
NMS in Large Enterprise.
Case Study.
NMS Products and Live Demo.

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Case Study.
Financial institution (Allianz)
 Financial institution with 30,000 employees
 Two datacenters and more than 1,700 remote locations along with nearly
a dozen large corporate sites.
Solution:
 NMS with 5,500 routers and switches, 3,500 servers, 150 SAN devices,
3,400 PDUs, 500 firewalls, and over 100 load balancers.

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Case Study.
Benefits
200 and 300 users use NMS tools to view dashboards and reports about the
whole network.
 Lowering expenses by improving asset utilization.
 Optimizing network availability and performance.
 Resolve Faults before they damage the reputation of the enterprise.
 Increase The productivity of employees.

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Outline
Introduction of Network Management (NM).
Functional Areas of NM.
Network Management Protocols.
Network Management Systems (NMS).
NMS in Large Enterprise.
Case Study.
NMS Products and Live Demo.

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 Management Software that exist today
1. HP IMC Enterprise Software Platform
2. Netcool Network Management by IBM
3. ManageEngine OpManager
4. Cisco’s CiscoWorks
5. 3Com’s Transcend
NMS Products and Live Demo.

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NMS Products and Live Demo.
http://1milliondemo.opmanager.com/overview.do?sele
ctedTab=Home&fromLogin=true

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Review Questions
 List and briefly define the functional areas for network management?
 What are the key elements of Network Management System ?
 What are the differences among SNMPv1, SNMPv2, and SNMPv3?
 What are the most common Network Management System products ?

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References
 William Stallings. 1998. Snmp,Snmpv2,Snmpv3,And RMON 1 and 2 (3rd ed.).
Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc., Boston, MA, USA.
 M. Subranamian. Network Management: Principles and Practice . Addison-Wesley,
2000.
 Alexander Clemm. Network management fundamentals. Indianapolis: Cisco Press,
2007.

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THANKS