I hope those who actually find this would make this file useful. :^]

1. ADDITIONAL
MATHEMATICS
PROJECT 2015
Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Sri Hartamas
The HouseholdExpenditure Survey(HES) 2015
Name : Nur Farah binti Elias
6/5/2015
Teacher’sname : Ms. Yuen
Class : 5 Neptune

2. 2
No. Content Page Remark
1 Introduction
2 Part A:
FamilyMonthly
Income andIts
Allocation
I Statistical Graphs
II Mean and StandardDeviation
III Comments
3 Part B:
Family Monthly
Income andIts
Allocationof 5
Friends
I Data and Tables
II ComparisonandComments
III a) Line graph and Bar graph representing
educationandrecreationcategories
b) Comments
IV a) Mean andStandard Deviation
b) Comments
4 Part C:
MonthlyIncome
Weightage inSix
Families
I The Weightage inPie chart,Bar chart and Ratio
Form
II The Change of Allocationof MonthlyIncome
5 Further
Explorations
I 20 RichestandPoorestCountriesinthe World
and theirLiteral Level
II Conclusion
6 Reflection

3. 3
INTRODUCTION :
The Household Expenditure Survey (HES) was first conducted in the year of 1957/58. Beginning
1993/94 it was carried out at an interval of five years and the recent survey was undertaken in 2009/10.
The survey covered private households in urban and rural areas.
The main objective of HES was to collect information on the level and pattern of consumption
expenditure by households on a comprehensive range of goods and services. This information served
as the basis for determining the goods and services to be included in the basket of the Consumer Price
Index (CPI). It was also used to represent the expenditure pattern of households in Malaysia.
However,over the years, demand for data from the survey has increased and it is now used for several
purposes. HES has become an invaluable source of information for government and private sectors,
researchers and university students.

4. 4
PART A:
Family monthly income and its
monthly allocation
Monthly Income (RM) Number of
family
members
Categories Allocation of
income (RM)
Allocation of
income (%)
10,000 5
Food 3500 35
Utility 1500 15
Transportation 500 5
Education 1000 10
Recreation 1000 10
Others 2500 25
Total 10,000 100
Presentation of my family’s monthly income
through different statistical graphs.
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Line graph (%)
Allocation of Income (%)

5. 5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Food Utility Transportation Education Recreation Others
Bar graph (%)
35
15
5
10
10
25
Pie chart (%)
Food
Utility
Transportation
Education
Recreation
Others

6. 6
The mean and standard deviation of allocation of income:
Method 1
Calculator :
Mean =
Allocation of
Income
Number of
Categories
= 3500 + 1500 + 500 + 1000 + 1000 + 2500
6
= 10,000
6
= 1666.67
Standard deviation:
x x² Standard Deviation
3500 12,250,000 √Σx² - X²
1500 2,250,000 N
500 250,000 = √23,000,000 - (1666.67)²
1000 1,000,000 6
1000 1,000,000 = √1055544.44
2500 6,250,000
Σx = 10,000 Σx² = 23,000,000 1027.40

7. 7
Method2 :
Excel
Mean :
As showninthe image above,the meanis RM1666.67
Standard deviation :
As showinthe image above,the standarddeviationis RM1027.40

8. 8
Comments:
My family mostly use our monthly income on food as there are a lot of people
to feed. We cook a lot of big meals that require a lot of ingredients, which can
be quite costly. Though, my family used the least money on transportation
because petrol costs have not been really high lately, compared to every other
item’s cost.

9. 9
PART B:
5 different family monthly allocations from 5
friends.
Friend 1:
Monthly Income (RM) Number of
family
members
Categories Allocation of
income (RM)
Allocation of
income (%)
10,000 5
Food 3000 30
Utility 1000 10
Transportation 2000 20
Education 2000 20
Recreation 1000 10
Others 1000 10
Total 10,000 100
Friend 2 :
Monthly Income (RM) Number of
family
members
Categories Allocation of
income (RM)
Allocation of
income (%)
10,000 5
Food 3000 30
Utility 1500 15
Transportation 1500 15
Education 1000 10
Recreation 500 5
Others 2500 25
Total 10,000 100
Friend 3 :
Monthly Income (RM) Number of
family
members
Categories Allocation of
income (RM)
Allocation of
income (%)
10,000 6
Food 3500 35

10. 10
Utility 1000 10
Transportation 500 5
Education 1500 15
Recreation 1500 15
Others 2000 20
Total 10,000 100
Friend 4 :
Monthly Income (RM) Number of
family
members
Categories Allocation of
income (RM)
Allocation of
income (%)
10,000 3
Food 1500 15
Utility 1500 15
Transportation 2000 20
Education 2000 20
Recreation 500 5
Others 2000 20
Total 10,000 100
Friend 5 :
Monthly Income (RM) Number of
family
members
Categories Allocation of
income (RM)
Allocation of
income (%)
10,000 5
Food 3000 30
Utility 1000 10
Transportation 500 5
Education 1500 15
Recreation 1000 10
Others 3000 30
Total 10,000 100
Comparison about my findings:
Family Monthly
Income
Number
of Family
Members
Categories Allocation
of
Monthly
IncomeFood Utility Trans-
portation
Education Recreation Others
Friend1 10,000 5 3000 1000 2000 2000 1000 1000 10,000

11. 11
Friend2 5 3000 1500 1500 1000 500 2500
Friend3 6 3500 1000 500 1500 1500 2000
Friend4 3 1500 1500 2000 2000 500 2500
Friend5 5 3000 1000 1500 1500 1000 3000
Comments:
Majorityof the familieshasmostlyuseduptheirmonthlyincome onfood,usuallyforbigger
families- thereforemore mouthstofeed. The leastmonthlyincomeusedgenerallyforall families
are recreational activitiesbecause the familiesare busywithworkorschool.
Graphs presenting data of education and recreation
categories for all six families.
Line graph:
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Family 1 Family 2 Family 3 Family 4 Family 5 Family 6
Recreation
Education

12. 12
Bar chart:
Comments:
Most of the familieshave spenttheirmonthlyincome more towardseducationratherthan
recreationbecause the parentsof the familiesneedtopayfor tutoringclassesforthe children.
Therefore,the familiescan’tspendmuchonrecreationaseveryone isbusywitheithertutoring
classesor earningmoneyforthe tutoringclasses.
The mean and standard deviation for education and recreation categories:
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Family 1 Family 2 Family 3 Family 4 Family 5 Family 6
Recreation
Education

13. 13
Education:
Method1:
Calculator
Mean = Total Education
Number of
Families
= 20 + 10 + 15 + 20 + 15 +10
6
= 90
6
= 15
StandardDeviation
x x² Standard Deviation
20 400 √Σx² - X²
10 100 N
15 225 = √1450 - (15)²
20 400 6
15 225 = √16.67
10 100
Σx = 90 Σx² = 1450 4.08
Method2 :
Excel
Mean :

14. 14
As showinthe image above,the meanis RM15.
StandardDeviation:
As showinthe image above,the standarddeviationis RM4.08.

15. 15
Recreation:
Method1:
Calculator
Mean =
Total
Recreation
Number of
Families
= 10 + 5 + 15+ 5 + 10 + 10
6
= 55
6
= 9.17
StandardDeviation
x x² Standard Deviation
10 100 √Σx² - X²
5 25 N
15 225 = √575 - (9.17)²
5 25 6
10 100 = √45.08
10 100
Σx = 55 Σx² = 575 3.44
Method2 :
Excel
Mean

16. 16
As showinthe image above,the meanis RM 9.16.
StandardDeviation
As showinthe image above,the standarddeviationis RM3.44.
Comments
The mean of the education category is higher than the mean of the recreation
category. Alongsidethat, the standard deviation of the education category is
also higher than the standard deviation of the recreation category.
PART C:

17. 17
Monthly Income: Weightage in Degrees for
six families
Family Categories Allocation
of Monthly
Income
Food Utility Trans-
portation
Education Recreation Other
My
family
126 54 18 36 36 90
360
Friend1 109 36 72 72 36 36
Friend2 108 54 54 36 18 90
Friend3 126 36 18 54 54 72
Friend4 54 54 72 72 18 90
Friend5 108 36 18 54 36 108
Weightages of any two families in the form of:-
Pie chart:
Bar chart:
126
5418
36
36
90
My family
Food
Utility
Trans-
portation
Education
Recreation
Others
Friend 1
Food
Utility
Trans-
portation
Education
Recreation
Others

18. 18
Ratio form:
Family Categories
Food Utility Trans-
portation
Education Recreation Others
Friend4 15 15 20 20 5 25
Friend5 30 10 5 15 10 30
Ratio 1:2 3:2 4:1 4:3 1:2 5:6
The corresponding expected monthly income based on the information that
was given for me and five other friends:
Family Categories Allocationof
Monthly
Income
Food Utility Trans-
portation
Education Recreation Others
My family 3850 1575 500 1030 1020 2750 10725
Friend1 3300 1050 2000 2060 980 1100 10490
Friend2 3300 1575 1500 1030 490 2750 10645
Friend3 3850 1050 500 1545 1530 2200 10675
Friend4 1650 1575 2000 2060 490 2200 9975
Friend5 3300 1050 500 1545 980 3300 10675
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Friend 2
Friend 3

19. 19
Further explorations:
The 20 richest and 20 poorest countries in the world and their
literate level
The richest:
Rank Country name Literacy level
1 Qatar 96.3%
2 Luxembourg 100%
3 Singapore 95.9%
4 Norway 100%
5 Brunei Darussalam 95.4%
6 Hong Kong 93.5%
7 United States 99%
8 United Arab Emirates 77.9%
9 Switzerland 99%
10 Australia 96%
11 Canada 99%
12 Austria 98%
13 Ireland 99%
14 Netherlands 99%
15 Sweden 99%
16 Iceland 99%
17 Taiwan 98.29%
18 Germany 99%
19 Kuwait 94%
20 Denmark 99%
The poorest:
Rank Country Name Literacy Level
1 Democratic Republic of the Congo 66.8%
2 Zimbabwe 90.7%
3 Burundi 67.2%
4 Liberia 60.8%
5 Eritrea 80%
6 Central African Republic 56.6%
7 Malawi 74.8%
8 Madagascar 64.5%
9 Afghanistan 28.1%
10 Mali 27.7%

20. 20
11 Togo 60.9%
12 Guinea 41%
13 Ethiopia 39%
14 Mozambique 56.1%
15 Guinea-Bissau 55.3%
16 Comoros 75.5%
17 South Sudan 27%
18 Nepal 66%
19 Haiti 52.9%
20 Uganda 66.8%
Conclusion:
I have concludedthatrich countriesare able toachieve highlevelof literacy,whileonlyratherfew
poor countriesare able toachieve stable literacylevel.
REFLECTION:
While doing this project, I realised that I still have a lot more to learn. Whether it’s
through the formulas used above, or the research that was required to gather
information- it was overall rather difficult but very interesting to do.
Additional Mathematics is very well known as a difficult subject in upper form of
Secondary School, but students should not simply give up because they cannot answer the
problems given in the subject. Instead, students should understand that Additional
Mathematics is one of the many ways to practice having high thinking skills. There’s
always a solution if they just try harder.