1. THE SCOPE OF
HUMANITIES
By: Eric F. Pazziuagan

2. VISUAL ARTS

3. Visual Arts
Perceive by our eyes
Classification:
◦Graphic: flat, two-
dimensional surface
◦Plastic arts: three-
dimesional

4. The Graphic Arts
 Any form of visual
representation in which
portrayals of forms and
symbols are recorded on a
two-dimensional surface.
 All processes and products
of the of the printing
industry.

5. 1.Painting
2.Drawing
3.GraphicProcesses
4.Commercial Art
5.Mechanical
Processes

6. Painting
 Process of applying pigment to
a surface to secure effects
involving forms and colors.
 Painting mediums: oils,
watercolors, tempera, others.
 Surfaces: canvas, wood,
paper and plaster.

8. Drawing
 The art of representing something
by lines made on a surface or the
process of portraying an object,
scene, or forms of decorative or
symbolic meaning through lines,
shading, and textures in one or
more colors.
 Medium: pencil, pen and ink,
crayon, brush, and charcoal.

10. Graphic Processes
 Processes for making multi-
reproduction of graphic works.
 Involve the preparation of master
image of the drawing or design on
some durable material such as wood,
metal, or stone, from which printing is
done.
 Processes:
◦ Raised (relief)
◦ Depressed (Intaglio)
◦ Flat (surface, or plane)

11. Relief Printing
 Unwanted portions of
design are cut away on the
master image.
 Printed image is formed by
the remaining surfaces.
 Examples: linoleum cuts,
woodcuts, wood

14. Intaglio Printing
 Printing from a plate on which incised
lines, which carry the ink, leave a
raised impression.
 Dry point:
◦ Artist draws directly on a metal plate with
a sharp needle and scratches lines, or
grooves, into the metal.
◦ For each print, ink is rubbed into the
grooves and the unscratched surface is
wiped clean.
◦ In printing, the ink in the grooves is
transferred to paper.

15.  Etching:
◦ Drawing or designs on metal plates covered
with wax.
◦ Needle penetrates wax to the surface of the
plate.
◦ Plate is then dipped in acid, which eats the
lines into the metal.
◦ For printing, etched (bitten) lines are filled
with ink which is transferred to the paper.
 Engraving:
◦ Done on a metal plate with a cutting tool
called a barin, which leaves a V-shaped
trough.
◦ Drawings or designs on the plate are entirely
composed of lines or dots.

17. Surface Printing
 Includes all processes in which
printing is done from a flat (plane)
surface.
 Lithography:
◦ Printing from a flat stone or metal plate by
am method based on the repulsion
between grease and water.
◦ Design is put on the surface.
◦ Surface is treated so that ink adheres
only to areas where drawing has been
done.
◦ Ink is then transferred to the paper in
printing.

18.  Silkscreen:
◦ Silk is stretched over a rectangular
frame and unwanted portions in the
design are blocked out.
◦ Pigment is forced through the clear
areas.
◦ For multi-color prints, a separate
screen is used for each color.

19. Commercial Art
 Designing of books, advertisements,
signs, posters, and other displays to
promote sale or acceptance of
product, service or idea.

20. Mechanical Processes
 Developed by commercial-
mechanical process for rapid, large-
quantity reproduction of words and
pictures in one or more colors.

21. Photography
 Chemical- mechanical process by
which images are produced on
sensitized surfaces by action of light.
 Reproductions may be in black or
white or in full colors of the original.

22. THE PLASTIC
ARTS

23. The Plastic Arts
Allfields of the visual arts
in which materials are
organized into three-
dimensional forms.

24. Architecture
 The art of designing and constructing
buildings and other types of
structures.
 Materials: stone, concrete, brick,
wood, steel, glass, plaster
 “mother of the arts”- it houses, serves
as background for, or occurs in
relation to other fields of art such as
painting, sculpture, interior design,
landscape architecture, and city

26. Landscape
Architecture
 Planning outdoor areas for
human use and enjoyment,
especially gardens, parks,
playgrounds, golf courses.
 Chief materials: plants,
shrubs, trees, folwers,
vines, and ground cover.

28. City Planning
 Planning and arranging the
physical aspects of a large or
small community.
 Structures and areas
concerned with all phases of
living and working are
attractively and efficiently
organized and related.

30. Interior Design
 Design and arrangement of
architectural interiors for
convenience and beauty.
 Includes backgrounds (wall,
floors, ceilings), furnishings, and
accessories.
 Fields: Design of wallpaper,
furniture, textiles for curtains, and
upholstery

32. Sculpture
 Design and construction of three
dimensional forms representing
natural objects or imaginary
(sometimes abstract) shapes.
 Common materials: stone, wood,
clay, metal; ivory, jade, wire, string
and other materials.
 Sculpture of figures: statues

34. Crafts
 Designing and making of objects
by hand for use or for pleasure.
 Ceramics, jewelry, leatherwork,
and weaving.
 Mass- produced: industrial
design.

36. Industrial Design
 Design of objects for machine
production.
 Examples: automobiles, household
appliances

37. Dress and Costume Designs
 Design of wearing apparel of all
types- dresses, coats, suits,
shoes, ties, etc.

38. Theater Design
 Design of settings for dramatic
productions.

39. LITERATUR
E

40. Literature
 Theart of combining
spoken or written words
and their meanings into
forms which have artistic
and emotional appeal.

41. Drama
A form of literature.

42. Essay
 Non-fiction,expository
(descriptive or explanatory)
writing ranging from informal,
personal topics to closely
reasoned critical treatments of
important subjects.

43. Prose Fiction
 Includes narratives (stories) created by
the author, as distinguished from true
accounts.
 Fiction: comes from the Latin word
which means “to form”, “to invent”, or
“to feign.”
 Divided into: novel, novelette, and short
story forms.
 Novel or short story: describes

44. Poetry
 Literature of a highly expressive
nature using special forms and
choice of words and emotional
images.
 Narrative (story telling) poetry
includes epics, romances, and
ballads.
 Lyric forms: sonnet, ode, elegy
and songs.

45. Miscellaneous
 History,biography, letters,
journals, diaries, and other works
not formally classified as literature
often have literary appeal and
status due to high quality of the
writing.

46. MUSIC

47. Music
 The art of arranging sound in rhythmic
succession and generally in
combination.
 Melody results from this sequence,
and harmony from combinations.
 Both creative and a performing art
 Common forms: songs, march, fugue,
sonata, suite, fantasy, concerto, and
symphony.

48. Vocal music
 Composed primarily to be sung.
 Voice or voices are generally
accompanied by one or more
instruments.

49. Instrumental music
 Written
for instruments of four
general types:
◦ Keyboard (piano, organ, etc.)
◦ Stringed ( violin, cello, guitar, etc.)
◦ Wind (flute, clarinet, etc.)
◦ Brass winds (trumpet, saxo-phone,
etc.)
◦ Percussion (drum, xylophone, etc.)

50. Music combined with other
arts
 Opera:
◦ drama set to music
◦ Mostly or entirely sung with
orchestral accompaniment
◦ Spectacularly staged with
accomplished singers, elaborate
scenery, and costumes.

51.  Operatta and musical comedy:
◦ Drama set to music but is light,
popular, romantic and often
humorous or comic
◦ Use spoken dialogue instead of
recitative

52.  Oratorio and Cantata:
◦ Sacred musical drama in concert form.
◦ Made up of recited parts (recitative), arias,
and choruses, with orchestral
accompaniment.
◦ No action, sets, and costumes are used.
◦ Oratories are usually based on Biblical
themes

53. Other forms
 Ballet music
 Background music for motion
pictures

54. DRAMA AND
THEATER

55. Drama or play
A story re-created by
actors on stage in
front of an audience.

56. Tragedy
 One of literature's greatest
dramatic art forms.
 A drama of serious nature
in which the central
character comes to sad or
disastrous end.
 All tragedies portray

58. Melodrama
 Emphasis is on action
rather than on character.
 The action is sensational or
romantic and usually has a
happy ending.

60. Comedy
 All plays with happy endings.
 Romantic comedy: light, amusing tale of
lovers in some dilemma which is solved
happily,
 Farce: light, humurous play. Emphasis is
on jokes, humorous physical action,
ludicrous situations, and improbable
characters.
 Comedy of manners or “drawing room
comedy”: sophisticated or satirical.
Characters are usually high-society types,
and situations have little to do with real

61. Miscellaneous
 Tragicomedy: drama blending tragic
and comic elements but which ends
happily.
 Miracle and mystery plays: dramatized
stories from the Bible and lives of
saints.
 Morality plays: characters represent
specific vices and virtues.
 Closet drama: plays written for reading
than for staging.

62.  Piano drama: based on piano works
which revolve around the musical
pieces composed under the inspiration
of a literary work. It combines the
interpretation of music with the
recitation of poetry and the literary
source of music.

63. DANCE

64. Dance
 Involves
the movement of
the body and feet in
rhythm.

65. Ethnologic
 Includes folk dancing
associated with national and
cultural groups.

66. Social or Ballroom
dances
 Popular types of
dancing generally
performed by
pairs.
 Waltz, fox trot,
rhumba and
tango.

67. The Ballet
 Formalized type of dance which
originated in the courts of the
Middle Ages.
 Amy either be solo or concerted
dances with mimetic actions
accompanied by music.
 Generally built around a theme or
story.

69. Modern
 Sometimes called contemporary or
interpretative dances.
 Represents rebellion against the
classical formalism of ballet: they
emphasize personal communication of
moods and themes.
 Past: movements were natural and
untrained.
 Today: varied forms of movements
usually based on the current trend.

71. Musical Comedy
 Refers to those dances performed by
soloists, groups, and choruses in
theaters, night clubs, motion pictures,
and television.
 Combines various forms of ballet,
modern, tap and acrobatics.