This presentation by Eko Prajoso was made at the OECD conference on Innovating the Public Sector: From Ideas to Impact (12-13 November 2014). For more information visit the OECD Observatory of Public Sector Innovation: https://www.oecd.org/governance/observatory-public-sector-innovation/events/.

1. KNOWLEDGE SHARING FOR INNOVATION:
CHALLENGES AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Dr. Eko Prasojo
Ministry of Administrative Reform,
Indonesia

2. 21 CENTURY IS THE ERA OF KNOWLEDGE CREATOR
• Knowledge is the only meaningful resource
today. How knowledge behaves as an economic
resource, we do not yet fully understand. We need
an economic theory that puts knowledge into the
center of the wealth-producing process. It alone
can explain innovation.
P.F. Drucker (1993) “Post Capitalist Society”
• Creative Destruction: Innovation is merely the
destruction of an equilibrium. Innovation is a
commercial or industrial combination of
something new.
Schumpeter (1912) The Theory of Economic
Development

3. • Knowledge is created by people in their interaction with other people
• Some of knowledge are tacit and some are explicit.
• Knowledge can be used by others only when it could be shared
• Knowledge sharing is part of effort to transform a tacit knowledge
into explicit knowledge
Knowledge sharing is very essential to support creation of
innovation in public sector, where people can learn each
other, what others have done and it can be as model and
adapted for new innovation

4. Socialization
Empathizing
Combination
Connecting
Externalization
Articulating
Internalization
Embodying
Tacit
Knowledge
Explicit
Knowledge
TacitTacit
ExplicitExplicit
TacitTacit
SECI: The Knowledge Conversion Process
© Nonaka I.

5. Knowledge based Innovation
 In Indonesia we have been conducting knowledge sharing through
competition of innovation (Competing while collaboration)
 Where more 500 government agencies (central and local) shared their
innovation in public service.
 In 2013 we collected and selected 515 proposal of innovation in public
service that has been implemented at least one year
 Government agencies learned each other through workshop, innovation
data base, and direct visit to agencies
Government should move from control authority to develop knowledge;
from create laws and rules to create values; from create procedures to
create innovation

6. WHAT HAS BEEN DONE IN INDONESIA FOR
STRENGTHENING INNOVATION IN PUBLIC SERVICE?
• Innovation is taken seriously through strengthening the legal basis:
Law on Regional Autonomy and Government Regulation on Public
Service Innovation
• National incentive program One Agency One Innovation
• Competition of Innovation and Awarding (at levels: local, national
and international UNPSA)
• Establishment of Innovation Data Base (Satulayanan.net;
Lapor.go.id, SINOVIK)
• Development of some Handbooks on Innovation
• National Forum to share good practices of Innovation
• Implementation of Projects in cooperation with foreign
development partner to support replication of Innovation
• Initiatives to establish a Network for Public Service Innovation

7. CHALLENGES OF INNOVATION
Regulation Matters of Innovation
 How to tap knowledge and experience created in government agencies in past few years to foster
knowledge sharing
 There are some rigid government regulation that hinder flexibility innovation from below/local
government
 Regulations that provide incentive, sanctions and procedure are still new and partly
implemented in early stages: Need time and nurturing to work well
 Need Overall strategy on how innovative thinking and innovation can be produced effectively
and benefit to the citizen
Networks and Stakeholder Matters
• Importance of a real two way citizen engagement is increasingly acknowledge but still need time
to work well
• Need for more analysis of what drives of innovation and replication
• Need for improved capacity development of civil servant
• Building of network and sub-national Knowledge Hubs

8. THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCES FOR
SUPPORT OF NATIONAL EFFORT TO INNOVATION
• Access to International Initiatives (Indexes, Barometers, Indicators)
for Benchmarking of Innovation
• International exchange on concepts and lesson learnt from
international experience
• Access to models, information, institution and persons that can
provide inspiration fur further improvement or continuing innovation
• Establishment of Integrated public service network database
• Capacity building for leadership and management to be able to
adapt international good practices in contextualized situation
• Tools, instruments and mechanisms (OECD has) to support
countries like Indonesia in the area of public service innovation
• Joint network and support for coaching, advocating and
implementing of Innovation from development partners