Impact Project

1. SUMMARY
In drafting my Development Finance impact project, I took into consideration, what at all these new set
of Global Goals were, enumerated them and now narrowed in on the first two to make my point. I
Notice that like blood is to the human body, so is Finance to every living soul on the surface of the
planet earth and attempted to link it up with the goal two to state that if one has money, all other needs
are met. Why? If people have money, they have affordability and choice.
Going forward, I notice that most developing Countries have a comparative advantage and that each
developing Country should identify these comparative advantage and develop policies that will drive
private investors to pump their resources there in the knowledge that they stand a good chance of
realizing their expected returns in good time so that many unemployed could be productively engaged
to further enhance the public sectors ability to expand the tax net for more people to pay taxes that will
ultimately inure to the sustainable infrastructure development towards a successful attainment of the
New set of Goal that takes effect from 2016-2030
Again, I notice in the specific case of Ghana that the public sector pay roll is over-stuffed with
nonexistent workers who take salary and urges the Government to look in that direction to save enough
from going waste
I trust that this is one good first step that we should not jump
DEVELOPMENT FINANCE IMPACT PROJECT
The year 2015 ends with the MDGs and a new set of Global goals as agreed to by member states
of the United Nations sets in from the year 2016 through to the year 2030. These new set of
global goals are seventeen in all and are comprehensive whiles at the same time much involving
thus requiring pragmatic efforts from member states to achieve them.
To attain satisfactory levels of success in executing these worthwhile goals, each member state,
need to put in much effort to mobilize significant amount of financial resources; that is about 50-
80% of these much needed resources would have to be mobilized domestically (Ngozi Okonjo
Iweala, former minister of finance of Nigeria) giving credence to the proverbial assertion which
states that “finance is the fuel that propels every wheel for progress”,
it is thus of significant interest to all concerned to be mindful of the efforts and the commitment
required to work at achieving these worthwhile goals. We also need to expand the Tax net to
include those that are earning but somehow, are not paying Taxes. This is equally an important
step that must not be taken lightly since that activity would help crowd-in the much needed
resource to invest in the necessary infrastructural development that should ultimately propel us
collectively towards the attainment of the Global Goals. What at all are these that make up the
Global Goals which takes effect from 2016-2030?

2. I find all seventeen of them very useful as I list below but I shall focus on the first two to make
case;
1. End Poverty in all its forms
2. End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote Sustainable
Agriculture
3. Ensure healthy lives and promote Well-being for all at all ages
4. Ensure inclusive and quality Education for all and promote lifelong learning
5. Achieve Gender equality and empower all women and girls
6. Ensure access to water and Sanitation for all
7. Ensure access to affordable, reliable , Sustainable and modern Energy for all
8. Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for all
9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
10. Reduce inequalities within and among Countries
11. Make all cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
12. Ensure sustainable Consumption and production patterns
13. Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts
14. Conserve and sustainably use the Oceans, Seas and Marine resources
15. Sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation,
halt biodiversity
16. Promote Just, peaceful and inclusive Societies and finally,
17. Revitalize the Global partnership for sustainable development
Now, significantly, these goals are not just hanging in a vacuum, but that, there are important
facts, figures and Targets set for each of these goals and as stated earlier, my lenses shall be
focused on the first two to address Ghana which is at the Nerve of my impact project hence let’s
consider the goals one and two;
The first which is End Poverty in all its forms: Extreme poverty rates have been cut by more than
half since 1990.while this is a remarkable achievements, it is also known that one in every five
people in developing regions still live on less than $1.25 a day and further, there are millions
more who make little more than this daily amount, and that many people risk slipping back into
poverty. How do we as a people of developing countries origins together with the efforts of the
world at large through ODAs prevent the little gains that we have made by halving extreme
poverty from slipping back into poverty? Now, Poverty is more than just the lack of income and
resources to ensure a sustainable livelihood. Its manifestations include hunger and malnutrition,
limited access to education and other basic services, Social discrimination and exclusion as well
as the lack of participation in decision-making. Economic growth must be inclusive to provide
sustainable jobs and promote equality.
Facts: 836million people still live in extreme poverty and about one in every five persons in
developing regions live on less than $1.25 per day. The overwhelming majority of people living

3. on less than $1.25 a day belong to two regions: Southern Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. High
poverty rates are often found in small, fragile and conflict-affected countries. One in seven
children under age five in the world has inadequate height for his or her age. Every day in 2014,
42,000 people had to abandon their homes to seek protection due to conflict
TARGETS: By 2030, eradicate extreme poverty for all people everywhere, currently measured
as people living on less than $1.25 a day 1.2. By 2030, reduce at least by half the proportion of
men, women and children of all ages living in poverty in all its dimensions according to national
definitions. Implement nationally appropriate social protection systems and measures for all,
including floors, and by 2030 achieve substantial coverage of the poor and the vulnerable. By
2030, ensure that all men and women, in particular the poor and the vulnerable, have equal rights
to economic resources, as well as access to basic services, ownership and control over land and
other forms of 13 property, inheritance, natural resources, appropriate new technology and
financial services, including microfinance. By 2030, build the resilience of the poor and those in
vulnerable situations and reduce their exposure and vulnerability to climate-related extreme
events and other economic, social and environmental shocks and disasters. Ensure significant
mobilization of resources from a variety of sources, including through enhanced development
cooperation, in order to provide adequate and predictable means for developing countries, in
particular least developed countries, to implement programs and policies to end poverty in all its
dimensions. Create sound policy frameworks at the national, regional and international levels,
based on pro-poor and gender-sensitive development strategies, to support accelerated
investment in poverty eradication actions and I dare say that money answers all things. Why
would anybody sleep in the open and by the road side if he has the means ?
Taking the second Goal which is ending hunger, achieving food security and improving nutrition
and promoting Sustainable Agriculture, we realize that, It is time to rethink how we grow, share
and consume our food. And that if done right, agriculture, forestry and fisheries can provide
nutritious food for all and generate decent incomes, while supporting people-centred rural
development and protecting the environment. As of now, our soils, freshwater, oceans, forests
and biodiversity are being rapidly degraded. Climate change is putting even more pressure on the
resources we depend on, increasing risks associated with disasters such as droughts and floods.
Many rural women and men can no longer make ends meet on their land, forcing them to migrate
to cities in search of opportunities. A profound change of the global food and agriculture system
is needed if we are to nourish today’s 795 million hungry and the additional 2 billion people
expected by 2050. The food and agriculture sector offers key solutions for development, and is
central for hunger and poverty eradication.
Facts: Hunger; Globally, one in nine people in the world today (795 million) are undernourished.
The vast majority of the world’s hungry people live in developing countries, where 12.9 per cent
of the population is undernourished. Asia is the continent with the most hungry people – two

4. thirds of the total. The percentage in southern Asia has fallen in recent years but in western Asia
it has increased slightly. Southern Asia faces the greatest hunger burden, with about 281 million
undernourished people. In sub-Saharan Africa, projections for the 2014-2016 period indicate a
rate of undernourishment of almost 23 per cent. Poor nutrition causes nearly half (45 per cent) of
deaths in children under five – 3.1 million children each year. One in four of the world’s children
suffer stunted growth. In developing countries the proportion can rise to one in three. 66 million
primary school-age children attend classes hungry across the developing world, with 23 million
in Africa alone.
Food security; Agriculture is the single largest employer in the world, providing livelihoods for
40 per cent of today’s global population. It is the largest source of income and jobs for poor rural
households. 500 million small farms worldwide, most still rain fed, provide up to 80 per cent of
food consumed in a large part of the developing world. Investing in smallholder women and men
is an important way to increase food security and nutrition for the poorest, as well as food
production for local and global markets. Since the 1900s, some 75 per cent of crop diversity has
been lost from farmers’ fields. Better use of agricultural biodiversity can contribute to more
nutritious diets, enhanced livelihoods for farming communities and more resilient and
sustainable farming systems. If women farmers had the same access to resources as men, the
number of hungry in the world could be reduced by up to 150 million. 1.4 billion people have no
access to electricity worldwide – most of whom live in rural areas of the developing world.
Energy poverty in many regions is a fundamental barrier to reducing hunger and ensuring that
the world can produce enough food to meet future demand.
Targets: It is a worthwhile target that by 2030, we end hunger and ensure access by all people, in
particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and
sufficient food all year round. By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by
2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 years of age,
and address the nutritional needs of adolescent girls, pregnant and lactating women and older
persons. By 2030, double the agricultural productivity and incomes of small-scale food
producers, in particular women, indigenous peoples, family farmers, pastoralists and fishers,
including through secure and equal access to land, other productive resources and inputs,
knowledge, financial services, markets and opportunities for value addition and non-farm
employment. By 2030, ensure sustainable food production systems and implement resilient
agricultural practices that increase productivity and production, that help maintain ecosystems,
that strengthen capacity for adaptation to climate change, extreme weather, drought, flooding and
other disasters and that progressively improve land and soil quality. By 2020, maintain the
genetic diversity of seeds, cultivated plants and farmed and domesticated animals and their
related wild species, including through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at
the national, regional and international levels, and promote access to and fair and equitable
sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional
knowledge, as internationally agreed. Increase investment, including through enhanced

5. international cooperation, in rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services,
technology. Development and plant and livestock gene banks in order to enhance agricultural
productive capacity in developing countries, in particular least developed countries. Correct and
prevent trade restrictions and distortions in world agricultural markets, including through the
parallel elimination of all forms of agricultural export subsidies and all export measures with
equivalent effect, in accordance with the mandate of the Doha Development Round. Adopt
measures to ensure the proper functioning of food commodity markets and their derivatives and
facilitate timely access to market information, including on food reserves, in order to help limit
extreme food price volatility
To this end I think the case is drawn, Ghana as a developing Nation has many challenges and
that it is high time the leaders of the Nation wake up and find the areas in which we have the
comparative advantage in which case, it is Agriculture and then invest significantly and or
develop policies that will drive private investors in there to pump their private financial resources
knowing very well that they stand to make good returns in the end. The advantage here is that,
many Ghanaian youth would be productively engaged and then the public sector can then widen
its tax net to cover them as well. I should however hasten to acknowledge one good effort by the
Successive Governments. The first Friday of December every year, Ghana celebrates her farmers
by identifying and rewarding those that against the many odds militating against them including
but not limited to; challenges with land holding systems, access to finance, weather patterns etc.
have distinguished themselves
Currently, there are only a few public sector workers who Government can Tax at source and the
very few Companies available that the Government can have access to corporate tax from them
however, if the Government would focus on its comparative advantage found in Agriculture and
stimulate enough investments there, a significant number of the idle population would be
engaged there and they would also get to pay taxes then the Government can conveniently
mobilize its much needed financial resource for the sustainable development through
infrastructure development
Another area I will focus would be in the public sector pay roll which is full of Ghost names and
then make sure that Government pays only living human beings who are actively working.
Technology could be harnessed to address this simple challenge so that ultimately, Government
can have access to the little it is able to mobilize to channel into infrastructure development
http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/