During treatment, it is highly important to continuously monitor the vital physiological signs of the patient. Therefore , patient monitoring systems has always been occupying a very important position in the field of medical devices. The continuous improvement of technologies not only helps us transmit the vital physiological signs to the medical personnel but also simplifies the measurement and as a result raises the monitoring efficiency of patients.

1. Presentation
On
“Remote Patient Monitoring System”
Presented By -
Paras Bhartwal

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 During treatment, it is highly important to continuously monitor the
vital physiological signs of the patient. Therefore , patient monitoring
systems has always been occupying a very important position in the
field of medical devices.
 The continuous improvement of technologies not only helps us
transmit the vital physiological signs to the medical personnel but
also simplifies the measurement and as a result raises the
monitoring efficiency of patients.
Introduction

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 We can reduce the number of emergency department visits,
hospitalizations and duration of hospital stays.
 Improve the patient experience.
 Improve the health of populations.
 Reduce the per capital cost of health care.
 Resolve the problem of limited staff.
Objective behind this concept

4.  Arduino UNO
 GSM module
 LCD Display
 Heart rate (HR)
 Body temperature
 Humidity
 GSR
 Accelerometer
 Glucometer
Components used

5. Block diagram

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 Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board
based on the ATmega328P.
 It has 14 digital input/output pins (of
which 6 can be used as PWM outputs),
6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz quartz
crystal, a USB connection, a power
jack, an ICSP header and a reset
button.
 It contains everything needed to
support the microcontroller; simply
connect it to a computer with a USB
cable or power it with a AC-to-DC
adapter or battery to get started.
Arduino UNO

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 GSM module is used to establish
communication between a mobile
phone and a GSM system.
 GSM module consists of a GSM
modem assembled together with power
supply circuit and communication
interfaces (like RS-232, USB, etc.) for
computer.
 It requires a SIM (Subscriber Identity
Module) card just like mobile phones to
activate communication with the
network. Also they have IMEI
(International Mobile Equipment
Identity) number similar to mobile
phones for their identification.
GSM module

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 A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a flat-
panel display or other electronically
modulated optical device that uses the
light-modulating properties of liquid
crystals. Liquid crystals do not emit light
directly, instead using a backlight or
reflector to produce images in color
or monochrome.
 LCDs are available to display arbitrary
images (as in a general-purpose
computer display) or fixed images with
low information content, which can be
displayed or hidden, such as preset
words, digits, and 7-segment displays,
as in a digital clock.
LCD Display

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 The sensor consists of a super bright
red LED and light detector. The LED
needs to be super bright as the
maximum light must pass spread in
finger and detected by detector. Now,
when the heart pumps a pulse of blood
through the blood vessels, the finger
becomes slightly more opaque and so
less light reached the detector.
 With each heart pulse the detector
signal varies. This variation is
converted to electrical pulse. This
signal is amplified through an amplifier
which outputs analog voltage between
0 to +5V logic level signal. It works on
the principle of light modulation by
blood flow through finger at each pulse.
Heart rate

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 LM35 is a precision IC temperature
sensor with its output proportional to
the temperature (in oC). The sensor
circuitry is sealed and therefore it is not
subjected to oxidation and other
processes.
 An LM35 temperature sensor is used
for sensing environment temperature
which gives 1 degree temperature on
every 10mV change at its output pin.
You can easily check it with voltmeter
by connecting Vcc at pin 1 and Ground
at pin 3 and output voltage at pin 2 of
LM35 sensor. For an example if the
output voltage of LM35 sensor is
250mV, that means the temperature is
around 25 degree Celsius.
Body temperature

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 Humidity sensors detect the relative
humidity of the immediate
environments in which they are placed.
They measure both the moisture and
temperature in the air and express
relative humidity as a percentage of
the ratio of moisture in the air to the
maximum amount that can be held in
the air at the current temperature.
 As air becomes hotter, it holds more
moisture, so the relative humidity
changes with the temperature.
 Most humidity sensors use capacitive
measurement to determine the amount
of moisture in the air.
Humidity Sensor

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 Skin conductance, also known as
galvanic skin response (GSR) is a
method of measuring the electrical
conductance of the skin, which varies
with its moisture level.
 This is of interest because the sweat
glands are controlled by the
sympathetic nervous system, so
moments of strong emotion, change the
electrical resistance of the skin. Skin
conductance is used as an indication of
psychological or physiological arousal.
 The device measures the electrical
conductance between 2 points, and is
essentially a type of ohmmeter.
GSR Sensor

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One of the most common inertial sensors
is the accelerometer, a dynamic sensor
capable of a vast range of sensing.
Accelerometers are available that can
measure acceleration in one, two, or three
orthogonal axes. They are typically used
in one of three modes:
 As an inertial measurement of velocity
and position;
 As a sensor of inclination, tilt, or
orientation in 2 or 3 dimensions, as
referenced from the acceleration of
gravity (1 g = 9.8m/s2);
 As a vibration or impact (shock) sensor.
Accelerometer

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In Glucose bottle IR Sensor is placed at
mouth side of bottle. This gives the idea
about the completion of glucose of bottle.
All data sensed by sensor which display
on the LCD Display and also transmitted
on the mobile of Doctors/Nurse of hospital
through GSM module. All data or
information sensed by sensor which is
transmitted through GSM module on the
mobile of Doctors. Because of that If any
critical conditions happened with patient
then doctors immediately provides the
help to patient. Also, this is information
displayed on LCD display, so parent
continuously monitor this information. In
this system Microcontroller & GSM system
play very important role.
Glucometer

15.  The system is used to read patient health parameter such as body
temperature, heart rate, position, humidity etc. using various sensors
and sends it to Arduino.
 Arduino encodes the readings thus received and displays all the
information on LCD Display.
 When an emergency occurs with the patient then anyone can press
the emergency switch and a message send to the doctor via GSM
module.
 It also send the messages when any parameter cross its critical
value.
Working

16.  Multiple parameters like retinal size, age and weight can be included
as controlling parameters in the future.
 More than a single patient at different places can be monitored using
such system.
 Future diagnosis can be performed via the same system.
 Remote ECG monitoring systems have been applied in the
monitoring of various kinds of heart diseases, and the quality of the
transmission and reception of the ECG signals during remote
process kept advancing.
Future scope

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We presented the design and implementation of a Remote Patient
Monitoring system based on wireless technology using a cellular
phone, to send an SMS to the medical staff. Patient data can also be
check on mobile app. The system monitors patient's health status, such
as heart rate, and temperature. The developed system can be used at
home as well as in travelling. Patients and their family members feel
comfort knowing that they are being monitored and will be supported if
a problem arises.
Conclusion