1. Spiritual Literacy – Bridging the Gap
AULRE Conference 13th July 2012,
St. Mary’s University College Twickenham
Emma McVittie & Paul Smalley
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
2. Humble Beginnings
Cross curricular Teaching and Learning
Origins of ‘guided imagery’
– Desoille (1938) ‘rêve-éveillé’
Apparent use in TEFL /TESL
Two ‘strands’
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
3. The Theory Behind the Practice
The project draws on a variety of theoretical
constructs which were used to structure the
project activities and examine the findings
Spirituality and Spiritual Literacy
Visualisation techniques
Psychosynthesis
Physical literacy
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
4. Spirituality - multi-dimensional
“An inclusive education for spiritual development would need
to begin from the fact that spirituality is inevitably defined in
the context of the beliefs and values of the person defining
it and that, therefore, spirituality is pluralist.”
(Watson,2006:116)
Wright (2000) gives us a starting point for discussion but not
a universal definition.
Crossman (2003) no generalised definition
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
5. Spiritual Development v Spiritual Literacy
Belousa (2009) – talks about the “manifestations of a
person's inner way” in a “spiral like process that moves
according to each person's rhythm.”
“Spiritual literacy helps a person to acknowledge and
maintain a relationship with the self, others, environment,
natural world and the ultimate.” (Belousa, 2009:225)
“Making meaning at a profound level through personal
narrative.......providing these spaces for children to ask
'bigger questions' and enabling them to respond and reflect
upon their learning.” (Binder, 2010:22)
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
6. Mapping the spiritual experience
Hay and Nye (1996) Categories of spiritual sensitivity for
young children
Ingersoll (1996) Spiritual well-being inventory from a
counselling perspective - 10 dimensions
Fisher (1998) A model of spiritual well being in relation to
health
Elton-Chalcraft (2002) Four dimensions of spirituality
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
7. The ‘whole’ child
Whitehead (2010) Physical Literacy
Psychosynthesis (Assagioli, 1911) – roots in
psychology and counselling.
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
8. Pilot Structure and Content
Relaxation and preparation exercises
Visualisation with sensory cues
Discussion
Reflective activity
Interviews 5-10 minutes with 6 pupils.
Follow up with the same 6 pupils
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
9. Data Snippets....
The data that follows has been tentatively
analysed, shows indications of spiritual
development and lends support to the theory of
psychosynthesis.
The examples show:
Reflective activity after visualisation
Follow-up reflective activity using sensory cues
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
13. Emergent Findings – Part 1
Self awareness: Saw own reflection in the water
Awareness of relationships “Thought someone would be at the
end of the garden .”
“Thought like if I’ll meet somebody
in the garden.”
Ego-centric or self aware? “relaxed because there was no-one
around me and that was my only
chance to get peace”
Emotional transformation From anger to calmness
From anger to contentedness
'Here and now'/inner/lost in the Felt “sad” “cause you’d seen all this
'flow‘? stuff and you’ve not been before
and you have to leave”
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
14. Emergent Findings – Part 2
“The pebble helped me to remember my garden”
“I found my pebble in a hole, I found it straight
away”
“The music was the same as the first time I visited
the garden”
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
15. Tentative Conclusions
Links to dimensions and categories of spirituality
The sensory cues appears to trigger memory
(Bone, 2007)
The memory of the imagined journey is able to
trigger indications of spirituality as a memory of
a physical journey (cf Whitehead 2010)
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
16. Future Plans
Secondary Pilot
Large scale study – October 2012
Primary and secondary schools nationwide
Develop a linked series of visualisations
Expand curricular ‘range’
@EmmaMcV @PabloPedantic
Notas del editor
Bone (p204) your highlight - cf identity theories of Beijard (2004) Bondi & Davidson (2005) Baumann 2004 Smalley 2011: 9 "It is a “relational phenomenon” (Beijard, 2004: 108) which evolves and develops over time, throughout a person‟s life, according to the experiences which that person is subject to and the context within which those experiences take place."
Bone (p204) your highlight - cf identity theories of Beijard (2004) Bondi & Davidson (2005) Baumann 2004 Smalley 2011: 9 "It is a “relational phenomenon” (Beijard, 2004: 108) which evolves and develops over time, throughout a person‟s life, according to the experiences which that person is subject to and the context within which those experiences take place."
Wright “ Spirituality is the relationship of the individual, within community and tradition, to that which is – or is perceived to be – of ultimate concern, ultimate value and ultimate truth, as appropriated through an informed, sensitive and reflective striving for spiritual wisdom.”
Belousa An interdisciplinary understanding of spirituality An holistic perspective for the learner
Hay and Nye – categories. Just want to pick up on a few that relate to the project Awareness sensing Here and Now - the here and now experience of the child during the visualisation will be more intense than the recollection/reflection and indeed may not be able to be replicated in the reflective activity. Tuning – the same kind of awareness that arises in heightened aesthetic experiences. Eg MUSIC It is different to listening to someone talk. We don't need a language construct to make sense of it or feel/react to it. An inner communication, sensitivity. Flow – 'action and awareness become merged' We become lost in the moment....a good book, a run, a conversation. A liberating feeling that the activity is managing itself. Can flow be achieved through use of the visualisation? Mystery Sensing Awe and wonder – possible within the vis Imagination – H and N talk about this great ability that children have to 'let go' within guided vis. This provides a rich environment in which to explore children's values and experiences. Ingersoll – the dimensions of spiritual wellness Spiritual freedom – forget oneself - flow Present-centredness – the here and now Fisher – domains of spiritual well-being Personal, Communal, Environmental and Global Elton-Chalcraft – dimensions of spirituality Inner, social/moral, environmental, transcendental
Whitehead Tacit knowledge (Polyani, 1960) – implied. A level below consciousness. Often assoc with intuition It is this tacit knowledge, a sub-conscious interaction with an experienced environment, which may be developed through the use of guided visualisation. Once the dualist view of spirit and body is abandoned, an interaction with imagined phenomena may have just as much effect on the lived embodiment as an interaction with physical phenomena. Psychosynthesis The importance of the spiritual dimension in human nature. A recognition of past experiences and how they weave into your life. Visualisations plug into this 'superconscious' – could be linked to the idea of spiritual dimensions – the inner and personal
Note in the response a variety of indicators of spiritual engagement