first time i share my PRESENTATION ,

1. 07/10/18WE CARE 4 YOU
FIRST-AIDFIRST-AID
TECHNIQUESTECHNIQUES
FIRST-AIDFIRST-AID
TECHNIQUESTECHNIQUES
PAWAN KUMAR SHARMAPAWAN KUMAR SHARMA
NURSING SUPERVISORNURSING SUPERVISOR

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The first Assistance or Treatment
given to casualty
for any Injury or Sudden Illness
Before the arrival of Ambulance
or qualified medical experts
First AidFirst Aid

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• Always Be Careful
• Work with Cool mind
• Follow proper Procedure
• Good Housekeeping
Caution is better than CureCaution is better than Cure

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• Life Saving
• Preventing Worsening of the Condition
• Promote recovery
Aims of First aidAims of First aid

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Life Saving
• Maintaining an open airway
• Resuscitation, if no breathing
• Controlling Bleeding
Aims of First aidAims of First aid

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Preventing Worsening of the Condition
• Wounds Dressing
• Comfortable Support to fractures
• Keeping in comfortable condition
Aims of First AIDAims of First AID

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Promoting Recovery
• Relieving anxiety & giving confidence
• Relieving of pain & discomfort
• Gentle dealing
Aims of First aidAims of First aid

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• Reach immediately
• Keep patience
• Treatment for breathing & visible wounds first
• Use available material
• Keeping in mind the atmosphere
• Fire, loose material, running machine, etc.
• Safe place
• Light & Ventilation
• Assistance
• Consolation
Duties of a First AiderDuties of a First Aider

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• Be Calm & Quick
• Regularize Breathing
• Check Bleeding
• Shock Treatment
• Don’t do too much
• Spread Fearlessness
• No crowd, Fresh Air
• No unnecessary Unclothing
• Medical Help
Golden Rules of First aidGolden Rules of First aid

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• Diagnosis
• Treatment
• Disposal
Steps of First AidSteps of First Aid

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• History
Storey by victim or other person & Surroundings
• Symptoms
Sensation experienced by casualty
with or without questioning
• Signs
Noted by first aider
Diagnosis of the CaseDiagnosis of the Case

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Diagnosis of the CaseDiagnosis of the Case
SymptomsSymptoms
• Pain & Loss of Normal Movement
• Loss of Sensation, Cold, Heat, Thirst,
Nausea, Diziness, Weakness, etc.
• Temporary loss of Consciousness,
Loss of memory, etc.

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Diagnosis of the CaseDiagnosis of the Case
SignsSigns
• Sight
Respiration, bleeding, wounds,
foreign bodies, swelling, vomiting, etc.
• Hearing
Breathing, groan, etc.

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Diagnosis of the CaseDiagnosis of the Case
SignsSigns
• Smell
Breath, burning, gas, alcohol, etc.
• Touch
Temperature, pulse, deformity,
swelling, tenderness, etc.

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FIRST AIDFIRST AID
• Eye Injury
• Burns & Wounds
• Bleeding
• Electric Shock
• Fractures
• Bite by Dog, Snake, etc.

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Eye Injury
• Don’t attempt removal of foreign body.
• Don’t apply oil or ointment.
• Don’t use neutralizing agents or ointments.
• Wash the eye with clean water.
• Apply sterile pad and loose
bandage.

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Types of BURNSTypes of BURNSTypes of BURNSTypes of BURNS
RULES OF NINERULES OF NINERULES OF NINERULES OF NINE

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Burns
• Pour running cold water on the affected part.
• Do not apply ointments or oils or
any other substance.
• Cover the wound with sterilized cloth.
• Give artificial respiration, if needed.
• Prevent shock.

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Types of WoundsTypes of WoundsTypes of WoundsTypes of Wounds

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WoundsWounds
• Stop the bleeding, if any.
• Avoid touching the wounds.
• Don’t attempt removal of any foreign body
• Cover the wound with sterilized dressing.

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Types of BleedingTypes of Bleeding

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Control of BleedingControl of Bleeding
Direct Pressure
Elevation
Cold Applications
Pressure bandage

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Bleeding First Aid
• Apply direct pressure by thumb
or finger.
• Apply dressing – gauze pad and
bandage.
• Apply indirect pressure on
pressure points.
• Apply tourniquet.
TourniquetTourniquet
Absolute last resort
in controlling
bleeding Remember -
Life or limb
Once a tourniquet is
applied, it is not to be
removed , only by a doctor

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PRESSURE POINTSPRESSURE POINTS
Pressure points are specific
sensitive areas on the
surface of the body.
Where the artery passes over a
bone close to the skin

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Electric ShockElectric Shock
• Switch off the current at once.
• Do not touch the casualty or attempt
first aid until the contact has been
broken.
• Make the air passage clear and clean.
• Restore breathing by Artificial
respiration and external cardiac
massage, if needed.

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FracturesFractures
Signs of Fracture : Pain, Tenderness,
Swelling, Loss of Power, Deformity
• Do not move the injured unless the life is
endangered from other causes.
• Deal with the hemorrhage and breathing
difficulties.
• Immobilize the fracture by using suitable
splints. Immobilization should include one
joint above and one joint below the fracture.

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Type of FracturesType of Fractures

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Fractures
Backbone Fracture
• Handle with great care.
Fracture of backbone may lead to
paralysis of limbs.
• Transport on a rigid frame, on a
stretcher
• Immediate hospitalization is needed.

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Bandages
• Roller bandages.
• Triangular bandages.

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Shocks
• Lay the patient on his back.
• Stop bleeding, if any.
• Relieve pain by supporting the injured part.
• Keep the patient comfortable.
• Do not cause sweating.
• Fluids may be given by mouth in small amounts,
if the patient is conscious.
• Reassure the patient.
• Arrange immediate medical aid.

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SuffocationSuffocation
• Remove the patient from the source
• Clean the airways.
• Restore breathing by artificial respiration.
• Send the patient to the hospital.

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Unconsciousness
• Make the patient lie down on his belly with
head turned to one side.
• Check breathing and pulse.
• Loosen tight clothings.
• Clean the air-way.
• Give artificial respiration and external
Cardiac Massage, if needed.
• Transport the patient to the hospital.

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Cardio Pulmonary ResuscitationCardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
Should be trained to perform this procedure
If done improperly, could harm victim
1. ABC (airway-breathing-circulation)
2. Control bleeding
3. Treat for Shock(medical
emergencies)
4. Open wounds & Burns
5. Fractures & Dislocations
6. Transportation

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Causes of Respiratory/Cardiac Arrest
Electrical
Toxic - Noxious gases
Suffocation
Trauma
Drugs
Drowning
Heart Attack
Allergic reactions

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A-B-C’sA-B-C’s
Use chin lift/head tilt
Check pulse
Attempt to Ventilate
30 Compressions to 2 Breaths
• Establish
responsiveness
Look.-listen-feel for breathing

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ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
Mouth to Mouth: This is appropriate and
effective technique for emergency artificial
respiration.
Keep the head slightly backward and open the
jaw.
Seal the casualty’s nose to prevent escape of air
by pinching with thumb and index finger.
Take a deep breath, open your mouth widely,
place it over the victim’s mouth and make a
tight seal.
Quickly blow the full breath into the mouth of
victim.
Remove your mouth from the victim and allow him
to exhale passively.
Repeat the procedure 12 to 15 times per minute,
till medical aid is arranged.

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ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
CAUTION
• Do not give mouth to mouth resuscitation during CPR in
the presence of toxins such as cyanide, hydrogen
sulphide, corrosives and organo-phosphates. Ventilate
the casualty by using a face mask or bag/valve/mask
assembly.
∀ Avoid mouth to mouth resuscitation if there is possibility
of transmission of infection between the victim and the
rescuer, such as HIV, Hepatitis-B, Tuberculosis,
Shigellosis, Meningococcal meningitis, Herpes simplex
virus and Salmonella. Use an interpositional airway
device which must function effectively in both its
resuscitation and protective roles, and be immediately
available at all times.

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• ABDOMINAL WOUNDS
• No time should be lost in sending the
patient to the hospital.
• Keep the patient flat on his back.
• Give nothing by mouth.
• Maintain warmth.
• If intestines protrude from the wound, do
not attempt to touch or replace them.
• Apply sterile dressing and binder on the
wound.
• Provide immediate transportation to the
hospital.

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• HEAT STROKE
• Make the patient lie down.
• Remove all clothing's except the underwear.
• Keep the patient under the fan.
• Pour cold water on the body repeatedly.
• Wash the head thoroughly with cold water and
dry it with towel.
• Record body temperature falls up to 38ºC
stop pouring water.
• Give plenty of cold water with a pinch of
common salt in each glass of water to drink.
• Send the patient to the hospital.

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• BLEEDING NOSE
• Make the patient sit on a Chair with head downward.
• Pinch the nose with fingers and thumb.
• Apply ice or cold compression.
• Do not plug the nostrils.
• Do not put water or any medicine through the nostrils.
• Send for medical aid immediately.
• FOREIGN BODY IN THE NOSE
∀ Do not try to remove the solid object.
∀ Ask the patient to breathe through mouth.
∀ Send the patient to the hospital.

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• BLEADING EAR
∀ Lay the patient with the head slightly raised.
∀ Incline the head to the affected side and apply a dry
dressing over the ear with loose bandage.
∀ Do not plug the ear.
∀ Apply pressure in front of the ear.
∀ Send for medical aid immediately.
• FOREIGN BODY IN THE EAR
∀ Solid – Do not try to remove, scratch or probe it.
∀ Insects – Put a few drops of water in the ear and turn
the head so that affected ear points upwards.
∀ Keep the head in that position for 5 minutes, then
turn the head downwards so that the water flows out.
∀ Arrange immediate medical aid.

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• SNAKE BITE
∀ Reassure the patient
∀ Do not allow the person to run or walk
∀ Apply a ligature above the wound (in between
the heart and the wound) if the bite is in the
leg or hand.
∀ Wash the wound with potassium permanganate
solution or with soap and water.
∀ Allow free bleeding.
∀ Never suck the blood from the wound.
∀ Treat for shock.
∀ Arrange immediate hospitalization, by
transporting the patient in a lying down
position.

45. 07/10/18WE CARE 4 YOU
• DOG BITE
• Clean the wound immediately with water.
• Then wash with antiseptic soap and water.
• Do not try to stop bleeding.
• Do not cover the wound.
• Send the patient to hospital for treatment.
• INSECT BITE
• The sting bite should be pulled out.
• Apply cold compression.
• Apply vinegar diluted with water.
• Soda-bicarbonate paste should be applied at
the site.
• Prevent shock.
• Send for medial aid immediately.

46.  I hope you all enjoyed to be the part of this
first aid club so please become a first aid
Trainer and give first aid who Need if any
quarry call us or contact us at Occupational
Health centre .
With Best regards,
PAWAN KUMAR SHARMA
NURSING SUPERVISOR
ADITYA WELLNESS CENTER
07/10/18WE CARE 4 YOU
Thanks