Wilhelm Roentgen discovered x-rays in 1895 while experimenting with vacuum tubes. Various types of ionizing radiation can be produced, including alpha particles which are helium nuclei, beta particles which are electrons, gamma rays which are high-energy photons, and x-rays which are also high-energy photons produced by the interaction of charged particles with matter. These discoveries helped establish the field of radiology.

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3. VACUUM TUBE
WILHELM ROENTGEN

6. • Various types of ionizing radiation may be
produced by radioactive decay, nuclear
fission and nuclear fusion, and by particle
accelerators and naturally occurring
cosmic rays. Examples:
• Alpha Particles - are energetic, positively
charged particles (helium nuclei) that
rapidly lose energy when passing through
matter.
• Beta Particles - are fast moving, positively
or negatively charged electrons emitted
from the nucleus during radioactive
decay.

7. • Gamma Rays - Like visible light and x-
rays, gamma rays are weightless
packets of energy called photons.
• X Rays - are high-energy photons
produced by the interaction of charged
particles with matter.

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11. Irradiation