1. Diabetic nephropathy is a common cause of end stage renal failure characterized by a progressive increase in urine albumin and declining kidney function. 2. Tight control of blood pressure and glucose levels can help prevent decline in kidney function, with ACE inhibitors as first line treatment to reduce proteinuria. 3. For patients with microalbuminuria or reduced kidney function, screening and management involves monitoring albumin/creatinine ratio, blood pressure, and glucose levels to prevent progression of kidney disease.

1. Diabetic Nephropathy Angus Jones

17. Diagnosis Albumin: creatinine ratio (mg/mmol) Overnight urine collection (ug/min) 24hr urine collection (mg/24hr) Normoalbuminuria Female: Male: <2.5 <3.5 <20 <30 Microalbuminuria Female: Male: 2.5-30 3.5-30 20-200 30-300 Proteinuria Female: Male: >30 >30 >200 >300