Private blockchain opportunity and usecase in Government and public sector| Techtalk Thai

1. Private Blockchain in
Government
September 7, 2021
© 2021 IBM Corporation
Petchpaitoon Krungwong
DigitalTransformation Advisor, IBMThailand

2. Mechanisms to
protect change of
historical records, or
at least to detect
when someone is
trying to do so
Usually contains
financial
transactions
Is replicated across
a number of
systems in almost
real-time
Can be read by
participants,
often a wider
audience
Uses cryptography
and digital
signatures to
prove identity,
authenticity and
enforce read/write
access rights
Can be written by
everyone in a public
blockchain
(but only certain
participants in a
private blockchain)
What is
Blockchain?
Blockchain is more than
a technology…
© 2021 IBM Corporation
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Block 1
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3. What can be the major use cases
for Government ?
Government
Public Utilities
Logistics and
Supply Chain
Healthcare
Finance
Records
management
© 2021 IBM Corporation

4. Financial
Transactions
• Retail consumers
and utilities can
benefit from timely
and secure payments
Energy Generation
and Distribution
• Highly regulated
by Federal and
regional
organizations
Renewable Energy
• Blockchain
“Renewable Energy
Credit” tokens
• One platform to track
calculations
of carbon emissions
Infra Management
• Detailed tracking
• High-levels security for
complex service
delivery infra
• Blockchain-integrated
automated metering
infra to gain real-time
usage data
Public
Utilities
© 2021 IBM Corporation

5. Perfect geo
location to serve as
a logistics hub
• Within 600 miles of
54% of US
population
• CVG airport is the 8th
largest cargo hub
(Amazon + DHL)
Blockchain can
provide:
• Advanced
communication flows
between untrusted
parties
• Paired with other
technologies,
increased data
access and reliability
• Reduces costly
errors, decreases
delivery time, lowers
overall costs
Logistics &
Supply Chain
© 2021 IBM Corporation

6. Healthcare
Data Analytics
• Track outbreaks
across locations
• Identify outbreak hot
spots, speed
containment
response time, track
community spread of
disease
Medical Research
• Commonwealth:
home to leading
healthcare research
institutions
• Blockchain
opportunities act as a
draw healthcare
business within state
Controlled
Substances
• Add efficiency and
security to eKasper
with National data
sharing capabilities
© 2021 IBM Corporation

7. Empowers
business and trade
with highly secure
and attestable
financial
transactions
Improves currency
conversion and
clearing houses,
increasing speed
and efficiency
Bringing about the
“Digital Dollar”
Finance:
Digital
Currency
© 2021 IBM Corporation

8. Current Municipal
Bonds:
• Too expensive for
small investors
• Wall Street takes all
the profits
Blockchain-based
bonds:
• Fractionalize each
bond
• Increased wealth
within the community
• Ex: Berkeley Fire
Truck “minibonds”
Finance:
Public Finance
© 2021 IBM Corporation

9. Physical signatures
→ Digital
Signatures
(DocuSign)
• Lack of security and
trust in the signer
Blockchain Smart
Contracts:
• Validation of the
signer using private
keys
• Increased security
with decentralization
• Automate process
Records
Management:
Contracts
Traditional Contract
Smart Contract
© 2021 IBM Corporation

10. Double-Entry
Accounting
• No transparency to
outside parties
• Managed by a single
entity that can commit
fraud
• “Cooking the books”
• Time-consuming and
costly audits
Blockchain’s
“Triple-Entry
Accounting”
system
• Transparent and
immutable
transaction trail
• Interlinking all
transactions together
• Unable to be
corrupted
• No need for audits
Records
Management:
Accounting &
Auditing
© 2021 IBM Corporation

11. Locally-held
records by clerks:
• Vulnerable to
concentrated cyber-
attacks
• Loss of information
from shut down or
corruption of server
• Shared through direct
database access or
email
Decentralized
Blockchain
Records:
• Inability to tamper
with records
• Multiple copies to
prevent loss of
information
• Shared source of
truth with access to
only necessary
information
Records
Management:
Legal Records
and Docs
© 2021 IBM Corporation

12. Interstate
Compacts:
• Only applies to states
that are signed on
• Managed by one
state in a central
location
• May create conflicting
data and have
vulnerability to
hacking
Blockchain Record
system:
• Allows all states
access to the system
• Less corruption and
theft
• Access to all
licensees that wish to
practice in the state
• Ability to share
information with other
states immediately
when needed
Records
Management:
Licensing
© 2021 IBM Corporation

13. 13
Speed, Efficiency, Transparency & Security
Blockchain technology improves the process of savings bond sales, from 15 days to 2 days
© 2021 IBM Corporation

14. 14
Digital Health Pass

15. World’s Trading Ecosystems Need to Be Modernized
15
90%
of products we use
200
document exchanged in each shipment
300
people involved in each shipment

16. Data on MoreThan Half of All Ocean Cargo
Is Poised to Be Available onTradeLens
500M+
discrete shipping events
published since inception
4M+
documents published
annually
20M+
containers tracked
annually
100+
participants globally,
including P&G (piloting)
6
Continents covered
World’sTop 10
ocean carrier lines are onTradeLens, including
Hapag-Lloyd, ONE, CMA, MSC, Maersk, PIL, Hamburg
Sud, ZIM, KMTC, Seaboard Marine, and more
600
ports and terminals
data captured
16
© 2020 IBM Corporation

17. Thank you!
17
© 2021 IBM Corporation