The document discusses approaches for semantically enriching folksonomies by structuring user-generated tags. It proposes a life-cycle approach involving initial automatic processing of tags to identify relationships, followed by user-centric structuring, conflict detection, and global structuring by a referent user. The goal is to turn flat folksonomies into structured folksonomies integrated with Semantic Web models while capturing diverse user perspectives.
[2024]Digital Global Overview Report 2024 Meltwater.pdf
From folksonomies to ontologies: A socio-technical solution for structured knowledge sharing
1. From
folksonomies to
ontologies :
a socio-technical
solution
1P H I L O W E B – O c t o b e r 1 6 t h 2 0 1 0
Freddy Limpens
Edelweiss, INRIA Sophia Antipolis
Supervisors:
Fabien Gandon, Edelweiss, INRIA Sophia Antipolis
Michel Buffa, I3S, Université Nice – Sophia Antipolis/CNRS
Edelweiss
2. • Online communities of interest
• "Enterprise 2.0" & organizations
cross-fertilizing Web 2.0 and
Semantic Web
Context of the thesis
2
3. 3
From social tagging to folksonomies
Tags freely associated to resources …
… collected and shared on the web
10. 10
State of the art
Automatic extraction of tag semantics:
• Similarity based on co-occurrence patterns (Specia & Motta 2007;
Catutto 2008)
• Association rule mining (Mika 2005; Hotho et al. 2006)
pollution
Soil pollutions
has narrower
pollutant Energy
related related
11. 11
State of the art
Involving users in tags structuring:
• Simple syntax to structure tags (Huyn-Kim
Bang et al. 2008)
• Crowdsourcing strategy to validate tag-
concepts mapping (Lin et al. 2010)
• Integrate ontology maturing into Social
Bookmarking tool (Braun et al. 2007)
pollution
Soil pollutions
has narrower
pollutant Energy
related related
RDF
? :
Resource Description Framework
☐ Rwanda Defense Force
12. 12
State of the art
Tags and Semantic Web models
• SCOT for tags and tagging:
13. 13
State of the art
Tags and Semantic Web models
• SCOT for tags and tagging:
• MOAT (Passant & Laublet, 2008) : Raising ambiguity
by linking tags to concepts from Linked Data
16. 16
Tagging model
NiceTag : tagging as named graphs (Carrol 2005)
nt:TaggedResource rdfs:Resourcent:isRelatedTo
nt:TagAction(named
graph)
sioc:UserAccount
sioc:has_creator
sioc:Container
sioc:has_container
xsd:Date
dc:date
17. 17
Folksonomy enrichment
2 complementary semantic enrichment:
wind-energy
renewable
energy
windenergy
wind turbine
has broader
close match
has narrower
environment
related
Structuring tags as in a thesaurus (SKOS)
http://www.windenergy.com
nt:ManualTagAction
nt:isAbout
freddy
sioc:has_creator
delicious.com
sioc:has_container
19. Supporting diverging points of view
Reification of relations with named graphs
car pollutionskos:related
srtag:SingleUser
"john"
srtag:hasApproved
srtag:SingleUser
"paul"
srtag:hasRejected
srtag:TagSemanticStatement
srtag:TagStructureComputer
"r2d2"
srtag:hasProposed
19
33. 33
Capturing user's point of view
John
srtag:hasRejected
energie
france
skos:broader
srtag:TagSemanticStatement
Exemple:
Rejecting a relation
34. 34
Capturing user's point of view
John
srtag:hasRejected
energie
energy
skos:related
srtag:TagSemanticStatement
Exemple:
Proposing another
relation
energie
energy
skos:closeMatch
srtag:TagSemanticStatement
srtag:hasProposed
36. 36
Conflict detection
environment pollution
Using rules:
IF num(narrower)/num(broader) ≥ c
THEN narrower wins
ELSE 'related' wins
narrower
John
srtag:hasApproved
Anne
srtag:hasApproved
broader
Monique
srtag:hasApproved
Delphine
srtag:hasApproved
39. Several cases of conflicting situations
Conflicting : >1 relation
per pair of tags
Approved : 1 relation,
only approved
Debatable : 1 relation,
BOTH approved and
rejected
Rejected : 1 relation, only
rejected
39
40. Several cases of conflicting situations
Distribution over
relation types :
• "closeMatch" tends
to draw a consensus
more easily than
others
•
"broader/narrower"
and "related" cause
more
debates/conflicts
40
47. Enriching individual points of view
Integrating others' contributions:
1. Current user -> "Anne"
2. ReferentUser (e.g. archivists)
3. ConflictSolver (software agent)
4. Other single users
5. Automatons (metrics)
BROADER
NARROWER
RELATED
CLOSE MATCH
environnementSearch:
preoccupation environnementales
grenelle de l environnement
competences environnementales
environment
environmental
domaines environnementaux
Anne is looking for tag
"environnement"
47
49. 49
What we do :
Help online communities
structure their tagswind-energy
renewable
energy
sustainability
wind turbine
has broader
related
has narrower
environment
related
50. • Integrating collaborative ergonomics in design of socio-
technical systems
• User interfaces : how to visualize structuring process ?
• Towards Computer Supported Argumentation
• Application to the Web at large ?
• Semantics of tags : Topic vs Concept ?
50
Dicussion
52. 2010
• Monnin, A.; Limpens, F.; Gandon, F. & Laniado, D. Speech acts meets tagging: NiceTag ontology AIS SigPrag International Pragmatic Web
Conference, 2010
• Monnin, A.; Limpens, F.; Gandon, F. & Laniado, D. ,L'ontologie NiceTag : les tags en tant que graphes nommés,A. Monnin, F. Limpens, D.
Laniado, F. Gandon, EGC 2010, Atelier Web Social
• Limpens, F.; Gandon, F. & Buffa, M. Helping online communities to semantically enrich folksonomies Proceedings of the WebSci10:
Extending the Frontiers of Society On-Line, http://webscience.org, 2010
2009
• Limpens, F.; Monnin, A.; Laniado, D. & Gandon, F. NiceTag Ontology: tags as named graphs International Workshop in Social Networks
Interoperability, ASWC09, 2009
• Limpens, F.; Gandon, F. & Buffa, M. Sémantique des folksonomies : structuration collaborative et assistée Ingénierie des Connaissances,
2009
• Limpens, F.; Gandon, F. & Buffa, M. Collaborative semantic structuring of folksonomies (short article) IEEE/WIC/ACM Int. Conf. on Web
Intelligence, 2009
• Erétéo, G.; Buffa, M.; Gandon, F.; Leitzelman, M. & Limpens, F. Leveraging Social data with Semantics W3C Workshop on the Future of
Social Networking, Barcelona., 2009
• Henri, F.; Charlier, B. & Limpens, F. Understanding and Supporting the Creation of More Effective PLE Int. Conf. on Information
Resources Management, Dubai, 2009
2008
• Henri, F.; Charlier, B. & Limpens, F. Understanding PLE as an Essential Component of the Learning Process World Conf. on Educational
Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications, ED-Media, Vienna, Austria, 2008
• Limpens, F.; Gandon, F. & Buffa, M. Rapprocher les ontologies et les folksonomies pour la gestion des connaissances partagées : un Etat
de l'art Proc. 19èmes journées francophones d'Ingénierie des Connaissances, Nancy, 2008
• Limpens, F.; Gandon, F. & Buffa, M. Bridging Ontologies and Folksonomies to Leverage Knowledge Sharing on the Social Web: a Brief
Survey Proc. 1st International Workshop on Social Software Engineering and Applications (SoSEA),
http://www-sop.inria.fr/members/Freddy.Limpens/?q=biblio
52
Personal publications
55. 55
Tagging model
Specifying the
Tagged Resource with IRW
(Halpin & Pressuti 2009)
nt:TaggedResourc
e
rdfs:Resourc
e
nt:isRelatedTo
nt:TagAction(named
graph)
nt:TaggedResource
Information resource
vs Non-Information resource,
etc.
irw:Resource
irw:Information
Resource
irw:Non
Information
Resource
≡
56. 56
Tagging model
No constraints on the model
of the sign used to tag
nt:TaggedResourc
e
rdfs:Resourc
e
nt:isRelatedTo
nt:TagAction(named
graph)
nt:TaggedResource
http:geonames.org/2990440
nt:isRelatedTo
scot:Tag
:)
skos:Concept
nt:isRelatedTo
nt:isRelatedTo
nt:isRelatedTo
nt:isRelatedTo
moat:Tag moat:hasMeaning
57. 57
Tagging model
Typing the relation to reflect
on pragmatics of use of tags
nt:TaggedResourc
e
rdfs:Resourc
e
nt:isRelatedTo
nt:TagAction(named
graph)
58. 58
Tagging model
Typing the named graphs
for additional dimensions
of tagging
nt:TaggedResourc
e
rdfs:Resourc
e
nt:isRelatedTo
nt:TagAction(named
graph)
59. 59
Tagging model
Example of a tagging in delicious
http://www.windenergy.com
nt:ManualTagAction
nt:isAbout
scot:Tag
"wind-energy"
freddy
sioc:has_creator
delicious.com
sioc:has_container
Notas del editor
Giving basic of the models aimed at giving us expressivity we need
En couleur
Ajouter slide traduisantcecidansl'interfaceRefaire le graphetrauduitdansl'interface + ajouter image user "Anne"