schwannoma is anon cancerous growth but rarely cancer

1. SCHWANNOMA
BY
CHINNA NIDUMOLU
PHARM-D
VIGNAN PHARMACYCOLLEGE

2. INTRODUCTION
Neuronsareresponsibleforsendingandreceivingneurotransmitters.
Neurogenesisisalifelongprocess,whereneuronsareborninareasofbrainthatarefullofneuralstemcells
Neuralstemcellsincreasebydividingtwo.Theycanbecameeithertwonewstemcellsoreithertwonewprogenitorcells[parentcellstoneuronsorglia}
Dependinguponthelocationtheneuroncanactaseithersensoryormotorneuronoraninterneuron.
Parts ofneurons:
1.soma orcellbody
2.dendrites
3.axons

3. SCHWANN CELL
• Schwann cells are also called as neurolemma cells in peripheral nervous system that
produce myelinated sheath around the axon.
• Schwann cells are named after German scientist Theodor Schwann , who
discovered them in 19th century.
• ‘They are equivalent to a type of neural glial cells called oligodendrocytes’.
• Schwann cells differentiate from neural crest cells. They are stimulated to proliferate
on axonal surface.
• And come in 2 types either myelinating or non-mylelinating

4. Role of Schwann cell
• Schwann cells are mostly present in the peripheral nervous system which
helps in synthesizing neuronal sheath around the myelinating axons.
• They repair Schwann cells form regeneration tracks that guide regenerating
axons back to their targets and provide essential trophic support for injured
neuron.
• They allow the nerve impulses to travel faster.
• Through release of immunomodulators Schwann cells acts as a immune
compitent cells.

5. What happens when damage to schwann cell
Melanocytes
Endo neural fibroblasts enteric neurons
Chromaffin cells
Tooth pulp cells
Immature
Schwan cell
Mylein
Schwann cell
Repair
Schwann cell
Re-mak
Schwann cell

6. schwannoma
• Schwannoma is a rare type of tumour in the nervous system which is mostly
non- cancerous.
• Schwannoma's are also called as neuromas , neuro lemmoma’s , neurinomas
• Schwannoma is tumour of nerve sheath, it occur anywhere in the body at
any stage
• Cochleo vestibular schwannomas arise from schwann cells ensheathing the
axons of eight crainal nerve anywhere from the glial-schwann junction up
until the nerve terminations within the auditory and vestibular sense organs.

7. causes
• Genetic-mutation in one copy of SMARCB1 or LZTR1
• 90% 0ccurs randomly
• Genetic disorders : carney complex, neurofibromatos, and Schwannomatosis
• EFFECTS MORE THAN 2 LAKH PEOPLE IN US EVERY YEAR
• 60%of benign schwannomas are vestibular schwannomas

8. pathophysiology
Acoustic neuromas arise from
from the neurolemmalsheath
along vestibular branch of
vestibulocochlear nerve.
vestibulo cochlear nerves spread to cochlear branch

9. Grow and compress
the facial nerves and
arteries
Extend intracranially
Hearing and facial
nerve function
reduced

10. symptoms
• Progressive unilateral SNHL
• Tinnitus
• Marked difficulty in understanding speech
• Imbalance
• Vertigo
• Sudden hearing loss
• Fullness in ear

11. symptoms
• A visible lump that may feel tender when you put a pressure on it
• Numbness
• Muscle weakness
• Paresthesia
• Sharp burning pain
• Facial paralysis
• Trouble in moving the eye

12. Diagnosis
• Based on symptoms and physical examination.
• Biopsy
• For vestibular Schwannoms high resolution T2weighted and contrast
enhanced t1weighted MRI
• Genetic testing of NF2 Gene
• Ct scan

13. Treatment
• Surgery for removal of tumour
• Radiation thearapy
• Steriotactic radiosurgery: if tumour is near to thevital blood vessels a
method called stereotactic radiation therapy used
• Immunotherapy
• chemotherapy